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Soil organic carbon dynamics in Xilingol grassland of northern China induced by the Beijing-Tianjin Sand Source Control Program

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2017年第2期11卷 407-415页

作者： Liangxia ZHANG Wei CAO Jiangwen FAN Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Agricultural Meteorology and College of Applied Meteorology Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing 210044 China Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China

To mitigate impacts of sandstorms on northern China, the Chinese government launched the Beijing- Tianjin Sand Source Control Program （BTSSCP） in 2000. The associated practices （i.e., cultivation, enclosure, and aerial seeding） were expected to greatly enhance grassland carbon sequestration. However, the BTSSCP-induced soil organic carbon （SOC） dynamics remain elusive at a regional level. Using the Xilingol League in Inner Mongolia for a case study, we examined the impacts from 2000 to 2006 of the BTSSCP on SOC stocks using the IPCC carbon budget inventory method. Results indicated that over all practices SOC storage increased by 1.7%, but there were large differences between practices. SOC increased most rapidly at the rate of 0.3 Mg ***-1 ＂yr-1 under cultivation, but decreased signifi- cantly under aerial seeding with moderate or heavy grazing （0.3 vs.0.6 Mg C-ha-I .yr-1）. SOC increases varied slightly for grassland types, ranging from 0.10 Mg C-ha-1 .yr-a for temperate desert steppe to 0.16 Mg ***-1 for temperate meadow steppe and lowland meadow. The overall economic benefits of the SOC sink were estimated to be 4.0 million CNY. Aerial seeding with no grazing was found to be the most cost-effective practice. Finally, we indicated that at least 55.5 years （shortest for cultivation） were needed for the grasslands to reach their potential carbon stocks. Our findings highlight the importance and effectiveness of BTSSCP in promoting terrestrial carbon sequestration which may help mitigate climate change, and further stress the need for more attention to the effective- ness of specific practices.

关键词： grassland carbon sequestration ecologicalrestoration Beijing-Tianjin Sand Source Control Program（BTSSCP） IPCC carbon budget inventory method

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Author Correction: A global moderate resolution dataset of gross primary production of vegetation for 2000-2016

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Scientific data 2021年第1期8卷 67页

作者： Yao Zhang Xiangming Xiao Xiaocui Wu Sha Zhou Geli Zhang Yuanwei Qin Jinwei Dong Center for Spatial Analysis Department for Microbiology and Plant Biology University of Oklahoma Norman OK 73019 USA. yaozhang@ou.edu. Center for Spatial Analysis Department for Microbiology and Plant Biology University of Oklahoma Norman OK 73019 USA. xiangming.xiao@ou.edu. Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering Institute of Biodiversity Science Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China. xiangming.xiao@ou.edu. Center for Spatial Analysis Department for Microbiology and Plant Biology University of Oklahoma Norman OK 73019 USA. State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering Department of Hydraulic Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China. Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research CAS Beijing 100101 China.

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Responses of aboveground biomass of alpine grasslands to climate changes on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2018年第12期28卷 1953-1964页

作者：王力于海英张强徐韵佳陶泽兴 ALATALO Juha 戴君虎 College of Atmospheric Science Lanzhou University Qinghai Institute of Meteorological Science Institute of Arid Meteorology China Meteorological Administration College of Agroforestry Engineering and Planning Tongren University Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research CAS University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences College of Arts and Sciences Qatar University

Aboveground biomass in grasslands of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has displayed an overall increasing trend during 2003–2016, which is profoundly influenced by climate change. However, the responses of different biomes show large discrepancies, in both size and magnitude. By applying partial least squares regression, we calculated the correlation between peak aboveground biomass and mean monthly temperature and monthly total precipitation in the preceding 12 months for three different grassland types(alpine steppe, alpine meadow, and temperate steppe) on the central and eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The results showed that mean temperature in most preceding months was positively correlated with peak aboveground biomass of alpine meadow and alpine steppe, while mean temperature in the preceding October and February to June was significantly negatively correlated with peak aboveground biomass of temperate steppe. Precipitation in all months had a promoting effect on biomass of alpine meadow, but its correlations with biomass of alpine steppe and temperate steppe were inconsistent. It is worth noting that, in a warmer, wetter climate, peak aboveground biomass of alpine meadow would increase more than that of alpine steppe, while that of temperate steppe would decrease significantly, providing support for the hypothesis of conservative growth strategies by vegetation in stressed ecosystems.

关键词： grasslands aboveground biomass partial least squares Qinghai-Tibet Plateau climate change

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Is Larger Scale Better? Evidence from Rice Farming in Jianghan Plain

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Journal of Resources and Ecology 2018年第4期9卷 352-364页

作者： WANG Jiayue XlN Liangjie Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Small-scale household agricultural production has been in conflict with China＇s agricultural *** the context of vigorously promoting rural land circulation and moderate scale management nationwide,research on the relationship between farm size and scale efficiency has become increasingly *** this paper,we use the ＂DEA-OLS＂ two stage method to analyze data from 368 surveys of rice farming households in the Jianghan *** scale efficiency of rice farming was calculated,and the relationship between farm size and scale efficiency *** results indicate that（1） the rice farm size is generally small in Jianghan Plain,with an average of 0.77 *** average scale efficiency is 0.88,and it is the main factor limiting an increase in comprehensive technical ***,88.32% of households are in the stage of increasing returns to scale.（2） There is a stable inverted ＂U＂ type relationship between rice farm size and scale *** characteristics of the householder,the household and land quality,the maximum scale efficiency corresponds to a household with 5 ha of rice farm.（3） Among householder characteristics,age has a significant negative influence on scale efficiency,and scale efficiency is lower for a household whose householder is engaged in non-farm work than for one whose householder is devoted to *** for land quality,there was a significant positive effect of irrigation on scale *** family characteristics,the application of a machine during the seeding process increased scale efficiency by 3.07%.Therefore,we suggest that local government should actively promote rural land circulation,implement a staged-scale management subsidy,and other forms of support for the purchase of agricultural machinery and technical *** investment in irrigation improvements and mechanical facilities and encouragement of farmers to enlarge their farm size could improve scale efficiency and farmin

关键词： Jianghan Plain rice farming farm size scale efficiency moderate scale management dataenvelopment analysis

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Research on the Sustainability of Afghanistan Based on the Emergy Analysis

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Journal of Resources and Ecology 2018年第5期9卷 508-515页

作者： JIN Lei LI Haitao YANG Jinfan Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Afghanistan is an important country for the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21 st Century Maritime Silk Road（the Belt and Road） proposed by China. Due to years of war,Afghanistan is not well-developed economically. However,Afghanistan has abundant mineral resources and unique geographical advantages that are of far-reaching significance for Chinese economic strategic development. To investigate the sustainability of the eco-economic system of Afghanistan,we completed a quantitative evaluation of the emergy of Afghanistan during the period 2008 to 2015 by establishing an indicator system based on an emergy analysis. Results showed that from 2008 to 2015,the total emergy used of Afghanistan increased from 5.56×10^（22） sej to 9.75×10^（22） sej,among which the proportion of non-renewable emergy was less than 25.7%. This indicates that local resources in Afghanistan have yet to be exploited and utilized effectively and that its economic development relied heavily on the input of external resources. Meanwhile,the Emergy Sustainability Index（ESI） of Afghanistan from 2008 to 2015 dropped from 3.00 to 0.72,the Environmental Loading Ratio（ELR） increased from 0.77 to 2.06,and the Emergy Yield Ratio（EYR） dropped from 2.31 to 1.49,reflecting the imbalanced utilization of resources and the low level of economic development in Afghanistan. As a result,the potential for sustainable development of Afghanistan is relatively great. Basic infrastructure construction and reasonable exploitation of natural resources are the urgent needs.

关键词： emergy analysis sustainability Afghanistan the Belt and Road

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Global understanding of farmland abandonment： A review and prospects

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2017年第9期27卷 1123-1150页

作者： LI Shengfa LI Xiubin Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research CAS Beijing 100101 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

Since the 1950s, noteworthy farmland abandonment has been occurring in many developed countries and some developing countries. This global land use phenomenon has fundamentally altered extensive rural landscapes. A review of global farmland abandonment under the headings of ＂land use change - driving mechanisms - impacts and consequences - policy responses＂ found the following：（1） Farmland abandonment has occurred primarily in developed countries in Europe and North America, but the extent of abandonment has varied significantly. （2） Changing socio-economic factors were the primary driving forces for the farmland abandonment. And land marginalization was the fundamental cause, which was due to the drastic increase of farming opportunity cost, while the direct factor for abandonment was the shrink of agricultural labor forces. （3） Whether to abandon, to what extent and its spatial distributions were finally dependent on integrated effect from the physical conditions, laborer attributes, farming and regional socio-economic conditions at the village, household and parcel scales. With the exception of Eastern Europe, farmland abandonment was more likely to occur in mountainous and hilly areas, due to their unfavorable farming conditions. （4） A study of farmland abandonment should focus on its ecological and environmental effects, while which is more positive or more negative are still in dispute. （5） Increasing agricultural subsidies will be conductive to slowing the rate of farmland abandonment, but this is not the only measure that needs to be implemented. Due to China＇s rapid urbanization, there is a high probability that the rate of abandonment will increase in the near future. However, very little research has focused on this rapid land-use trend in China, and, as a result, there is an inadequate understanding of the dynamic mechanisms and consequences of this phenomenon. This paper concludes by suggesting some future directions for further research in China. The

关键词： farmland abandonment farmland marginalization land-Use and Cover-Change （LUCC） research progress and prospects

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Corrigendum to “Overestimating Impacts of Urbanization on Regional Temperatures in Developing Megacity: Beijing as an Example”

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Advances in Meteorology 2020年第1期2020卷

作者： Wei Cao Lin Huang Lulu Liu Jun Zhai Dan Wu Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 *** School of Architecture and Civil Engineering Chengdu University Chengdu 610106 *** Satellite Environment Center Ministry of Ecology and Environment Beijing 100094 China Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences Ministry of Ecology and Environment Nanjing 210042 China

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Response of Vegetation Cover to Climate Changein the Southern Taihang Mountains in HebeiProvince

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Agricultural Science & Technology 2017年第3期18卷 456-457,463页

作者： Yajun WANG Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research CASBeijing 100101 China

The relationships between the normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI)(1981-2006) in growing season and precipitation, NDVI and mean temperature(T_(mean)), NDVI and maximum temperature(T_(max)), NDVI and minimum temperature(T_(min)), and NDVI and the Palmer Drought Severity Index(PDSI) were analyzed. The results indicated that NDVI during the growing season was mostly positively and significantly correlated with precipitation last month and the month before last, and mostly negatively with temperature. There were negative and significant correlation between NDVI in June and July and T_(mean)and T_(max)in May respectively, between April NDVI and T_(min)in February and March, and between June NDVI and T_(min)in April, May and June. Vegetation cover in growing season correlated positively with PDSI, especially those last month and the month before last at 0.05 significance level, even 0.01 level. Hydrothermal conditions from March to July had significant influence on vegetation cover.

关键词： Southern Taihang Mountains in Hebei Province NDVI Hydrothermal condition

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Carbon Monitor, a near-real-time daily dataset of global CO2 emission from fossil fuel and cement production

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Liu, Zhu Ciais, Philippe Deng, Zhu Davis, Steven J. Zheng, Bo Wang, Yilong Cui, Duo Zhu, Biqing Dou, Xinyu Ke, Piyu Sun, Taochun Guo, Rui Boucher, Olivier Bréon, François-Marie Lu, Chenxi Guo, Runtao Boucher, Eulalie Chevallier, Frederic Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Laboratoire des Sciences du Climate et de l'Environnement LSCE Orme de Merisiers Gif-sur-Yvette91191 France Department of Earth System Science University of California Irvine 3232 Croul Hall IrvineCA92697-3100 United States Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Depart ment of Electrical Engineering T singhua Universit y Beijing100084 China Institute Pierre-Simon Laplace Sorbonne Université / CNRS Paris France School of Mat hemat ical School T singhua Universit y Beijing100084 China Université Paris-Dauphine PSL Paris France

We constructed a near-real-time daily CO2 emission dataset, namely the Carbon Monitor, to monitor the variations of CO2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion and cement production since January 1st 2019 at national level with near-global coverage on a daily basis, with the potential to be frequently updated. Daily CO2 emissions are estimated from a diverse range of activity data, including: hourly to daily electrical power generation data of 29 countries, monthly production data and production indices of industry processes of 62 countries/regions, daily mobility data and mobility indices of road transportation of 416 cities worldwide. Individual flight location data and monthly data were utilised for aviation and maritime transportation sectors estimates. In addition, monthly fuel consumption data that corrected for daily air temperature of 206 countries were used for estimating the emissions from commercial and residential buildings. This Carbon Monitor dataset manifests the dynamic nature of CO2 emissions through daily, weekly and seasonal variations as influenced by workdays and holidays, as well as the unfolding impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. The Carbon Monitor near-real-time CO2 emission dataset shows a 7.8% decline of CO2 emission globally from Jan 1st to Apr 30th in 2020 when compared with the same period in 2019, and detects a re-growth of CO2 emissions by late April which are mainly attributed to the recovery of economy activities in China and partial easing of lockdowns in other countries. Further, this daily updated CO2 emission dataset could offer a range of opportunities for related scientific research and policy making. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Carbon

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Foliar carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus stoichiometry in a grassland ecosystem along the Chinese Grassland Transect

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Acta Ecologica Sinica 2017年第3期37卷 133-139页

作者： Hailing, Yu Jiangwen, Fan Yuzhe, Li Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

Carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) are the basic nutrient elements required for plant growth and function. Ecological stoichiometry provides an important method for the determination of plant nutrient utilization and the environmental adaptation strategies of plants. Studying the stoichiometry of C, N and P is crucial to the understanding of nutrient cycling and ecosystem stabilization mechanisms. Most studies so far have focused only on N and P stoichiometry for plant leaves and ignored the stoichiometry characteristics among C, N, and P. As a major element of plant dry matter, C, along with critical nutrient elements (N and P) could regulate and influence the consumption and fixation of organic matter in ecosystems. Therefore, it is necessary to study the ecological stoichiometry of C, N, and P in plants. Here, C, N and P concentrations and their ratios were measured for 329 foliar samples collected at 132 sites along the 4500 km-long Chinese Grassland Transect (CGT) that traverses the Inner Mongolian and Qinghai-Tibet Plateaus. The content of C, N, and P of plant leaves in grassland ranged from 257.40 to 590.77 mg/g, 4.49 to 45.85 mg/g, and 0.20 to 3.40 mg/g, with an average of 463.76 mg/g, 19.94 mg/g, 1.31 mg/g, respectively. The coefficient of variation (CV) of P was highest (0.47) while the CV values of C and N were 0.09 and 0.34, respectively. N and P were positively correlated (R² = 0.491, P b 0.0001), in agreement with previous studies, while no significant correlation was found between C and P or between C and N. The ranges for C/N, N/P, and C/P were 10.93-93.67 (with an average of 26.86 and a CV value of 0.46) for C/N, 1.68-53.00 (with an average of 16.59 and a CV value of 0.39) for N/P, and 61.49-1995.24 (with an average of 436.77 and a CV value of 0.59) for C/P, respectively. The mass ratio of C:N:P in grassland plant was 440:17:1, and the atom ratio was 1136:43:1. C/N and C/P, C/N and N/P were positively correlated (R² =

关键词： C Chinese grassland Transect Ecological stoichiometry Grassland plant Leaf nutrients N P elements

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