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Contributions of climate, varieties, and agronomic management to rice yield change in the past three decades in China

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2016年第2期10卷 315-327页

作者： He ZHANG Fulu TAO Dengpan XIAO Wenjiao SHI Fengshan LIU Shuai ZHANG Yujie LIU Meng WANG Huizi BAI Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Institute of Geographical Sciences Hebei Academy of Sciences Shijiazhuang 050011 China Juncao Research Institute Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou 350002 China Qufu Normal University Rizhao 276826 China

The long-term field experiment data at four representative agro-meteorological stations, together with a crop simulation model, were used to disentangle the contributions of climate change, variety renewal, and fertilization management to rice yield change in the past three decades. We found that during 1981-2009 varieties renewal increased rice yield by 16%-52%, management improvement increased yield by 0-16%, and the contribu- tions of climate change to rice yield varied from - 16% to 10%. Varieties renewal and management improvement offset the negative impacts of climate change on rice production. Among the major climate variables, decreases in solar radiation reduced rice yield on average by 0.1% per year. The impact of temperature change had an explicit spatial pattern. It increased yield by 0.04%-0.4% per year for single rice at Xinbin and Ganyu station and for late rice at Tongcheng station, by contrast reduced yield by 0.2%- 0.4% per year for single rice at Mianyang station and early rice at Tongcheng station. During 1981-2009, rice varieties renewal was characterized by increases in thermal requirements, grain number per spike and harvest index. The new varieties were less sensitive to climate change than old ones. The development of high thermal require- ments, high yield potential and heat tolerant rice varieties, together with improvement of agronomic management, should be encouraged to meet the challenges of climate change and increasing food demand in future.

关键词： adaptation climate change food security,impact cultivar management

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Distribution and transfer of Se in soil of Hainan Province

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2018年第2期199卷

作者： Zhe Hao Yonghua Li Xinqing Zou Lihong Chen School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China Key Laboratory of Engineering Oceanography Second Institute of Oceanography SOA Hangzhou 310012 China Collaborative Innovation Center of South China Sea Studies Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China Key Laboratory of Coast and Island Development (Nanjing University) Ministry of Education Nanjing 210093 China

Soil plays an important role to human health. Selenium is an essential nutrient for health. Se in soil will affect human health mainly by transferring to rice and other crops, and then to human body through the food chain .So it's necessary to analyse distribution of Se concentration in soil and its bioaccumulation ability from soil to rice. In this study, concentrations of soil Se ranged from 108.41-618.23μg/kg by counties. The average value was 343.90μg/kg, which was higher than soil background. It indicated that soil in Hainan was loaded with selenium. Soil in northeast contains more Se than that in southwest and Se content in natural soil was significant higher than cultivated soil. Positive correlations were seen between soil Se, rice Se and C/100,000. The transfer ability of Se varies in counties.

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Glacier Changes on the Qiangtang Plateau between 1976 and 2015:A case Study in the Xainza Xiegang Mountains

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Journal of Resources and Ecology 2017年第1期8卷 97-104页

作者： NIE Yong YANG Chao ZHANG Yili LIU Linshan XU Xia Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu Sichuan 610041 China Department of Geography and Resource Sciences Sichuan Normal University Chengdu Sichuan 610101 China Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

Xainza County on the Qiangtang Plateau（QP） spans a transitionally climatic and eco-environmental zone and is therefore a very sensitive *** in this area are one of the most important kinds of land cover as well as key water resources,yet our understanding of their current status and spatio-temporal change remains *** landsat images,this study investigated the current distribution of glaciers（2015） in the Xainza Xiegang Mountains as well as the spatio-temporal changes that took place over six time periods between 1976 and *** show that,in 2015,131 glaciers covered a total area of 74.59 ± 5.25 km^2,mainly located between 5,600 and 6,000 m above sea level（a.s.l）.Between 1976 and 2015,the total number of glaciers increased by 12,while their areas decreased by 24.98%（24.83 km^2）.Glacial retreat has induced a loss of water resources of 11.77 × 10~8 m^3 over the last 39 years,while spatial heterogeneities in glacial changes across various sub-basins,aspects,and altitudinal zones are also clearly *** warming is the key factor driving this continuous glacial retreat;the high-quality dataset presented in this paper for the Xainza Xiegang study area is crucial for the ongoing assessment of climatic and eco-environmental changes.

关键词： Glacier water resources remote sensing landsat images Qiangtang Plateau

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Corrigendum to "Effect of biochar on the presence of nutrients and ryegrass growth in the soil from an abandoned indigenous coking site: The potential role of biochar in the revegetation of contaminated site" [Sci. Total Environ. 601-602 (2017) 469-477]

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The Science of the total environment 2018年 626卷 1505页

作者： Guixiang Zhang Yuen Zhu Xiaofang Guo Zhiwang Han Qiusheng He Fengsong Zhang College of Environment and Safety Taiyuan University of Science and Technology Taiyuan 030024 Shanxi Province China. College of Environment and Resources Shanxi University Taiyuan 030006 Shanxi Province China. Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences 100101 Beijing China. Electronic address: zhangfs@***.

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Spatio-temporal Characteristics of Disturbance of land Use Change on Major Ecosystem Function Zones in China

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Chinese Geographical Science 2015年第5期25卷 523-536页

作者： NING Jia LIU Jiyuan ZHAO Guosong Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

In recent years, because of increasing human activities, ecosystems have been substantially disturbed and their service functions have been greatly compromised. Based on the effect of land use changes on the major ecosystem services, we estimated the ecosystem comprehensive anthropogenic disturbance index(ECADI) and analyzed the spatio-temporal characteristics of changes in the ECADI in China from 1990 to 2010. The average ECADI of the major ecosystem function zones in China in 2010 is approximately 0.382. The ECADI of Northeast China and North China is slightly higher than that of Northwest China and Southwest China. Most zones have slight changes in the ECADI. The average increases of ECADI in the major ecosystem function zones in China from 1990 to 2000 and from 2000 to 2010 are 0.0024 and 0.0002, respectively. The increase is mainly due to reclamation and urbanization, whereas the decrease is due to the implementation of ecosystem protection policies. During the last 20 years, the ECADI of water resources conservation zones increased first, and then stopped. The ECADI of soil conservation zones increased first, and then declined. The ECADI of sandstorm prevention zones, biodiversity conservation zones and flooding mitigation zones increased continuously. Our results may provide proposals to the government regarding land use planning and ecosystem protection plans in the major ecosystem zones. The major ecosystem function zones in the western part of China have been protected effectively. However, the major ecosystem function zones in the eastern part of China require more protection in the future.

关键词： land use change major ecosystems services disturbance spatiotemporal patterns China

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Strategic transformation of regionalization for the agricultural comprehensive development: The example of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region in China

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2016年第12期26卷 1675-1688页

作者：史文娇胡云锋石晓丽王宗闫慧敏徐自为任博匡文慧徐新良程维明陈延武东波 Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research CAS State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science School of geography Beijing Normal University College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Resources and Environment Sciences Hebei Normal University Key Laboratory of Environmental Evolvement and Ecological Construction of Hebei Province School of Earth Sciences and Resources China University of Geosciences Ningxia Agricultural Comprehensive Development Office

Strategic transformation of regionalization for agricultural comprehensive development(ACD) was presented by the Ministry of Finance of the People's Republic of China(MOF) in 2014. The regionalization is the premise and basis of the sustainable development and improved competitiveness for agriculture. Based on the environmental resources related to agriculture, such as cropland, climate, water resources, terrain, geomorphology, patterns of the ACD projects, distribution of ecological planning, etc., we devised 13 indices using the geographic comprehensive regionalization method. The indices took into account a combination of dynamic and static, qualitative and quantitative, as well as agricultural and ecological factors. The strategic transformation of regionalization for the ACD in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region of China was performed; seven types were included: prioritized regions, prioritized and restricted regions, protected regions, protected and restricted regions, restricted and prioritized regions, restricted and protected regions, and restricted regions. A further 24 subtypes were used based on locations and ecological zones. The regionalization results showed that prioritized regions were mainly in northern Ningxia, the most suitable area for agriculture. The protected and restricted regions were in central and southern Ningxia. In the central part, drought was the limiting factor for agriculture, and water conservation projects there should be supported. The ecological environment is fragile in southern Ningxia, so there is a need for ecologically sound agriculture to be developed in this region. Such regionaliza-tion could achieve two goals, namely agricultural conservation and eco-environmental protection. It was performed following the requirement for scientific regionalization to include three types of regions(prioritized regions, protected regions, and restricted regions), and was applied at the township scale in a provincial or autonomous region for

关键词： agricultural comprehensive development （ACD） regionalization sustainable development indices Ningxia

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Author Correction: Near-real-time monitoring of global CO2 emissions reveals the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic

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Nature communications 2020年第1期11卷 6292页

作者： Zhu Liu Philippe Ciais Zhu Deng Ruixue Lei Steven J Davis Sha Feng Bo Zheng Duo Cui Xinyu Dou Biqing Zhu Rui Guo Piyu Ke Taochun Sun Chenxi Lu Pan He Yuan Wang Xu Yue Yilong Wang Yadong Lei Hao Zhou Zhaonan Cai Yuhui Wu Runtao Guo Tingxuan Han Jinjun Xue Olivier Boucher Eulalie Boucher Frédéric Chevallier Katsumasa Tanaka Yiming Wei Haiwang Zhong Chongqing Kang Ning Zhang Bin Chen Fengming Xi Miaomiao Liu François-Marie Bréon Yonglong Lu Qiang Zhang Dabo Guan Peng Gong Daniel M Kammen Kebin He Hans Joachim Schellnhuber Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua University Beijing China. zhuliu@***. Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement LSCE CEA CNRS UVSQ Centre d'Etudes Orme de Merisiers Gif-sur-Yvette France. Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua University Beijing China. Department of Meteorology and Atmospheric Science The Pennsylvania State University University Park PA USA. Department of Earth System Science University of California Irvine 3232Croul Hall Irvine CA USA. Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA USA. Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA USA. Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology School of Environmental Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing China. Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China. Climate Change Research Center Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China. Key Laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China. School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing China. School of Mathematical School Tsinghua University Beijing China. Department of Mathematical Sciences Tsinghua University Beijing China. Center of Hubei Cooperative Innovation for Emissions Trading System Wuhan China. Faculty of Management and Economics Kunming University of Science and Technology 13 Kunming China. Economic Research Centre of Nagoya University Furo-cho Chikusa-ku Nagoya Japan. Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace Sorbonne Université/CNRS Paris France. Université Paris Dauphine Place du Maréchal de Lattre de Tassigny 75016 Paris France.

A Correction to this paper has been published: https://***/10.1038/s41467-020-20254-5.

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Remote sensing-based artificial surface cover classification in Asia and spatial pattern analysis

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Science China Earth Sciences 2016年第9期59卷 1720-1737页

作者： KUANG WenHui CHEN LiJun LIU JiYuan XIANG WeiNing CHI WenFeng LU DengSheng YANG TianRong PAN Tao LIU AiLin Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China National Geomatics Center of China Beijing 100830 China School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences East China Normal University Shanghai 200241 China University of North Carolina at Charlotte NC 28223 USA School of Environmental & Resource Sciences Zhejiang A&F University Hangzhou 311300 China Michigan State University East Lansing M148823 USA State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences Urumqi 830011 China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

Artificial surfaces, characterized with intensive land-use changes and complex landscape structures, are important indicators of human impacts on terrestrial ecosystems. Without high-resolution land-cover data at continental scale, it is hard to evaluate the impacts of urbanization on regional climate, ecosystem processes and global environment. This study constructed a hierarchical classification system for artificial surfaces, promoted a remote sensing method to retrieve subpixel components of artificial surfaces from 30-m resolution satellite imageries(Globe land30) and developed a series of data products of high-precision urban built-up areas including impervious surface and vegetation cover in Asia in 2010. Our assessment, based on multisource data and expert knowledge, showed that the overall accuracy of classification was 90.79%. The mean relative error for the impervious surface components of cities was 0.87. The local error of the extracted information was closely related to the heterogeneity of urban buildings and vegetation in different climate zones. According to our results, the urban built-up area was 18.18×104 km2, accounting for 0.59% of the total land surface areas in Asia; urban impervious surfaces were 11.65×104 km2, accounting for 64.09% of the total urban built-up area in Asia. Vegetation and bare soils accounted for 34.56% of the urban built-up areas. There were three gradients: a concentrated distribution, a scattered distribution and an indeterminate distribution from east to west in terms of spatial pattern of urban impervious surfaces. China, India and Japan ranked as the top three countries with the largest impervious surface areas, which respectively accounted for 32.77%, 16.10% and 11.93% of the urban impervious surface area of Asia. We found the proportions of impervious surface and vegetation cover within urban built-up areas were closely related to the economic development degree of the country and regional climate environment. Built-

关键词： Artificial surface cover City Impervious surface Vegetation cover Remote sensing classification Asia

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Impact of Irrigation Methods on Soil Salt Content and Their Differences in Whole Cotton Growing Season in Arid Area of Northwest China

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Journal of Resources and Ecology 2016年第6期7卷 453-463页

作者： JIN Jianjun RAN Shenghong LIU Taotao College of Resources Science and Technology Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research CAS B eijing 100101 China Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources CAS Lanzhou 730000 China

Research for changes of soil water and salt is an important content of land sciences and agriculture sciences in arid and semi arid regions. In this paper, sampling in actual agricultural fields, laboratory analysis of soil samples and statistical analysis methods are used to quantitatively analyze soil salinity changes under different ir- rigation methods throughout the cotton growing season in Shihezi reclamation area. The results show that irrigation methods play an important role in soil salt content in the surface soil （0-20 cm） and sub-deep soil （40-60 cm）, fol- lowed by deep soil layer （60-100 cm） and root soil layer （20-40 cm）. Furrow irrigation yields the maximum soil salt content in deep layer （60-100 cm） or sub-deep layer （40-60 cm） and the maximum salinity occurs in the first half of the cotton growing season （June or earlier）. In contrast, drip irrigation yields the maximum soil salinity in the root layer （20-40 cm） or sub-deep （40-60 cm）, and this usually appears in the second half growing season （July or af- ter）. The ratio of chloride ion to sulfate ion （Cl-/SO2- 4） and its change in the soil are on the rise under furrow irrigation while the value first increased and then decreased with a peak point in June under drip irrigation. This suggests that furrow irrigation may shift the type of soil salinization to chloride ion type moreso than drip irrigation. Potassium and sodium ion contents of the soil show that soil sodium＋potassium content will drop after the first rise under furrow irrigation and the value is manifested by fluctuations under drip irrigation. Potassium＋sodium content change is relatively more stable in the whole cotton growth period under irrigation methods. The maximum of sodium and potassium content of the soil usually occur in deep soil layer （60-100 cm） or sub-deep soil layer （40-60 cm） in most sample points under furrow irrigation while it is inconsistent in different sample points under drip irrigation. A non- parametric test fo

关键词： soil salinity soil water content cotton growing season arid area of northwest China

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A case study of the role of climate, humans, and ecological setting in Holocene fire history of northwestern Europe

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Science China Earth Sciences 2015年第2期58卷 195-210页

作者： CUI QiaoYu Marie-José GAILLARD Fredrik OLSSON Annica GREISMAN Geoffrey LEMDAHL Ganna ZERNOVA Department of Biology and Environmental Science Linnaeus University Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences Department of Historical Philosophical and Religious Studies Ume University

We present the major results from studies of fire history over the last 11000 years(Holocene) in southern Sweden, on the basis of palaeoecological analyses of peat sequences from three small peat bogs. The main objective is to emphasize the value of multiple, continuous sedimentary records of macroscopic charcoal(macro-C) for the reconstruction of local to regional past changes in fire regimes, the importance of multi-proxy studies, and the advantage of model-based estimates of plant cover from pollen data to assess the role of tree composition and human impact in fire history. The chronologies at the three study sites are based on a large number of 14 C dates from terrestrial plant remains and age-depth models are achieved using Bayesian statistics. Fire history is inferred from continuous records of macro-C and microscopic charcoal counts on pollen slides. The landscape Reconstruction Algorithm(LRA) for pollen-based quantitative reconstruction of local vegetation cover is applied on the three pollen records for plant cover reconstruction over the entire Holocene. The results are as follows:(1) the long-term trends in fire regimes are similar between sites, i.e., frequent fires during the early Holocene until ca. 9 ka BP, low fire frequency during the mid-Holocene, and higher fire frequency from ca. 2.5 ka BP;(2) this broad trend agrees with the overall fire history of northwestern and western Europe north of the Mediterranean area, and is due to climate forcing in the early and mid-Holocene, and to anthropogenic land-use in the late Holocene;(3) the LRA estimates of plant cover at the three sites demonstrate that the relative abundance of pine played a primordial role in the early and mid-Holocene fire history; and(4) the between-site differences in the charcoal records and inferred fire history are due to local factors(i.e., relative abundance of pine, geomorphological setting, and anthropogenic land-use) and taphonomy of charcoal deposition in the small peat bog

关键词： Holocene humans northwestern records pollen anthropogenic estimates vegetation proxy dates

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