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Global occurrence, food web transfer, and human health risks of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in biota

Science of the Total Environment 2025年 958卷 177969页

作者： Xie, Jingqian Lan, Ruo Zhang, Li Yu, Jun Liu, Xinran You, Zhiyang Yang, Fen Lin, Tian College of Oceanography and Ecological Science Shanghai Ocean University Shanghai201306 China Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology South China Sea Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou510301 China Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100101 China

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are widespread organic pollutants that pose significant health risks due to their bioaccumulation in the biota. This study examines the global distribution of PAHs in biota, identifies key factors influencing using boosted regression tree (BRT) models, analyzes their transfer through trophic magnification factors (TMF), and evaluates health risks using the EPA risk assessment model. Research on PAHs has grown from 1978 to 2023, peaking in 2021, with 171 out of 241 studies (71.1 %) focusing on marine ecosystems. The highest PAH concentrations are observed in the Mediterranean Sea, Red Sea, and North American coastal regions, primarily influenced by industrial and human activities, such as factory emissions and ship transport. BRT analysis shows region factors and feeding habitats significantly influence PAH levels. TMF analysis shows that biodilution is the main mechanism for PAH attenuation, with concentrations decreasing as trophic levels increase. Additionally, health risk assessment further illustrate that toxicity equivalent (TEQ) values are highest in Egypt and Turkey. Across all populations in Egypt, the United States, Turkey, Portugal, and China, as well as children in Portugal and Sweden, there are potential risks from aquatic product consumption (10−6 −4), with CRI values positively correlated with liver cancer incidence. While hazard quotients (HQ) © 2024

关键词： Aromatization

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Transforming Future Dietary patterns to Reduce Environment Pressure and Health Risks in China

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Chen, Jiahao Liu, Yujie Tan, Qinghua Zhang, Ermei Pan, Tao Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China The Administrative Bureau of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

Estimating dietary needs and exploring the emission reduction potential of dietary changes contribute to sustainable development decisions. Current dietary trend in China deviates from healthy dietary standards, which accelerates greenhouse gas emissions. Dietary adjustment is needed to relieve the pressure on food system production and reduce the burden on the environment. Therefore, it is critical to promote dietary transition and estimate the potential contribution of healthy dietary transition to carbon emissions and sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in the future. Based on the nutritional objective, this study projected dietary demands and variations in China under 1.5 °C and 2 °C temperature rise scenarios based on three healthy dietary patterns. The emission reduction potential of China's dietary transition and its impact on SDG indicators were systematically evaluated by applying life cycle theory. The results showed that relative to the baseline period (2020), dietary transition would lead to an increase of 13.34%-47.07% in the total dietary demand, and the increase in the 2 °C warming scenario was higher than that in the 1.5 °C warming scenario. The increases under three dietary patterns were ranked as national Dietary Guidelines pattern, WHO healthy dietary pattern, and EAT-Lancet dietary pattern. In addition, dietary transition significantly increased dietary carbon emissions (2.90%~31.90%) under 2 °C warming scenario, with the total amount reaching 18.38×108 ~23.56×108 t CO2 eq. The carbon emission of plant food was about 1.0-1.55 times of that of animal food. Future dietary transition could significantly improve nitrogen and phosphorus emissions, and promote the sustainable development of eastern China, such as Guangdong and Zhejiang. Further, shift to EAT-Lancet dietary pattern under temperature rise scenarios would be beneficial for sustainable development in many provinces, but more interventions are needed to promote dietary shifts and increase

关键词： Sustainable development

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The Biophysical and Crop Yield Effects of Irrigation and Their Changes in China's Drylands

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Zi, Shuangshuang Li, Yan Zhang, Jingwen Hou, Chengcheng Lin, Huiqing Xu, Zhengjie Dong, Jinwei Fu, Bojie State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Faculty of Geographical Science Beijing Normal University Beijing China Institute of Land Surface System and Sustainable Development Faculty of Geographical Science Beijing Normal University Beijing China School of Civil Engineering Center of Water Resources and Environment Sun Yat-sen University Zhuhai China Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100101 China

Irrigation is critical for food production, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. Irrigation has complex and interactive effects on local climate, evapotranspiration, and crop growth. Here we use satellite remote sensing data and statistical models to quantify the biophysical irrigation effects on land surface temperature (LST), evapotranspiration (ET), crop greenness and crop yield effects in China’s drylands. Results show that during 2001-2012, irrigation in China's drylands leads to a significant cooling effect on daytime LST (-0.52 °C), a weak cooling effect on nighttime LST (-0.14 °C), an increase in ET (+0.16 mm/d), and enhanced crop greenness (+0.02) and maize yields (+3.4 ton/ha;55%) compared with rainfed croplands. The irrigation effects have strong spatiotemporal variations, with greater effects in the dry regions/periods with higher irrigation intensity. It needs to be noted that the irrigation cooling effects have gradually weakened since 2001, while the enhanced effects on ET, greenness and maize yields are still increasing. This is mainly driven by the decline in irrigation water use but the increase in irrigation water productivity due to the adoption of water-saving irrigation technologies. This study improves our understanding on the irrigation effects and their responses to changing irrigation practices and climate in water-limited regions. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Evapotranspiration

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Trophic Transfer and Accumulation of Heavy Metal and Arsenic Speciation in Freshwater Aquatic Organisms in Huangshui Creek, Shimen Realgar Mine, China by Quantifying Diet Compositions

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Yang, Fen Wei, Chaoyang Zhang, Huan Yang, Xiao Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Sino-Japan Friendship Center for Environmental Protection Beijing China

Heavy metal pollution is a worldwide concern and understanding the sources of metal accumulation in aquatic organisms is essential for maintaining a healthy ecosystem. In this study, aquatic organisms and five potential food sources (leaf litter, coarse and fine particulate organic matter (CPOM and FPOM), epilithon and fish) were collected around the Shimen Realgar Mine and 8 heavy metal concentrations and arsenic (As) speciation were analysed. Stomach content analysis and stable nitrogen and carbon isotope analysis, combined with the new Bayesian mixing model (MixSIAR), were used to quantify diet composition of aquatic organisms. The δ13C and δ15N values varied among different fish size and sampling sites and were probably related to the diet shift of aquatic organisms. The MixSIAR modelling results showed that large proportion of the aquatic organisms’ food were composed of FPOM (9%-68%) and epilithon (15%-65%), with leaf litter, CPOM and fish accounting for lower proportions (2%-30%). Concentrations ranged from 0.91 to 1298 mg/kg for As, 0.01 to 1.30 mg/kg for Cd, 0.12 to 37.79 mg/kg for Pb, 0.63 to 1158 mg/kg for Cr, 1.22 to 411 mg/kg for Cu, 0.82 to 1772 mg/kg for Mn, 0.31 to 542 mg/kg for Ni and 21.84 to 1414 mg/kg for Zn in all collected samples, including the aquatic organisms and the relevant food sources. Heavy metal concentrations in CPOM, FPOM and epilithon were significantly higher than those in aquatic organisms and leaf litter. In addition, the biomagnification factors were all less than 1, indicating a biodilution from diet to freshwater organisms. The predominant As species were organic As in aquatic organisms, while inorganic As was common in their food sources, indicating that As biotransformation occurred within the freshwater food chain. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Heavy metals

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Determining the Trophic Transfer of Heavy Metals And Arsenic Speciation in Freshwater Aquatic Organisms by Quantifying Diet Compositions

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SSRN 2023年

Bioaccumulation through diet is the predominant source of metals in fishes;however, the trophic transfer of heavy metals from the diet to aquatic organisms remains largely unclear. In this study, aquatic organisms and five potential food sources (leaf litter, coarse and fine particulate organic matter (CPOM and FPOM, respectively), epilithon and fish) were collected around the Shimen Realgar Mine of China. Stomach content analysis and stable nitrogen and carbon isotope analysis, combined with a new Bayesian mixing model (MixSIAR), were used to quantify diet compositions of aquatic organisms. The δ13C and δ15N values varied among fish sizes and sampling sites and were probably related to the diet shift of aquatic organisms. The MixSIAR modelling results showed that the aquatic organisms’ food sources were mainly composed of FPOM (9%-68%) and epilithon (15%-65%), with leaf litter, CPOM and fish accounting for smaller proportions (2%-30%). Concentrations ranged from 0.91 to 1298 mg/kg for As, 0.01 to 1.30 mg/kg for Cd, 0.12 to 37.79 mg/kg for Pb, 0.63 to 1158 mg/kg for Cr, 1.22 to 411 mg/kg for Cu, 0.82 to 1772 mg/kg for Mn, 0.31 to 542 mg/kg for Ni and 21.84 to 1414 mg/kg for Zn in all the collected samples, including the aquatic organisms and the relevant food sources. The heavy metal concentrations in the CPOM, FPOM and epilithon were significantly higher than those in aquatic organisms and leaf litter. In addition, the biomagnification factors were all less than 1, indicating a biodilution from diet to freshwater organisms. The predominant As species were organic As in aquatic organisms, while inorganic As was common in their food sources, indicating that As biotransformation occurred within the freshwater food chain. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Heavy metals

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Mapping the spatial and temporal patterns of fallow land in mountainous regions of China

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2022年第1期15卷 2148-2167页

作者： Wen Song Alexander V.Prishchepov Wei Song Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingPeople’s Republic of China School of Geomatics and Urban Spatial Informatics Beijing University of Civil Engineering and ArchitectureBeijingPeople’s Republic of China Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management (IGN) University of CopenhagenKøbenhavn KDenmark Department of Theoretical Cybernetics and Applied Mathematics Altai State UniversityBarnaulRussia

The rapid growth of the global population has resulted in a continuous increase in cropland intensity and a shortening of the fallow period as part of the cropland rotation ***,there is a lack of systematic knowledge on the extent of fallow lands,particularly in complex landscapes,such as the mountainous regions of *** fill this knowledge gap,taking Yuanyang County(YYC),Yunnan Province,China,as a case study,we tested a method to identify the spatial-temporal distribution of fallow land by mapping cropland with landsat *** overall accuracy of land cover classification,including cropland,ranged between 90.1%and 95.8%from 1998 to *** average accuracy of fallow plots was 75.7%from 2001 to *** annual fallow rate varied between 8.3%and 54.3%,with an average of 20.7%.Kernel density estimated with the probability density function showed that fallow varied between 5 and 13 blocks per km2,gradually decreasing from the central area to the *** elevation,the low value of regional domestic products,and the increased distance to rural settlements were closely related to the higher proportions of fallow *** approach presented here can be applied to map fallow land in other regions.

关键词： Remote sensing fallow land kernel density time series China

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Weakened maize phenological response to climate warming in China over 1981‒2018 due to cultivar shifts

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2022年第5期13卷 710-720页

作者： Yu-Chuan LUO Zhao ZHANG Liang-Liang ZHANG Jing ZHANG Fu-Lu TAO Academy of Disaster Reduction and Emergency Management Ministry of Emergency Management&Ministry of Education School of National Safety and Emergency ManagementBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101 China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049 China Natural Resources Institute Finland(Luke) Helsinki 00790Finland

Assessing climate change impacts on crop phenology is essential for developing adaptation *** better understand crop response and adaptation to climate change,there is an urgent need to investigate whether the impacts weakens and how crops responds to recent climate warming,as well as the roles of different drivers in crop phenology ***,we analyzed the spatiotemporal changes in maize phenology and the underlying mechanisms over 1981–2018 using up-to-date 6106 phenological observations at 327 agro-meteorological stations in *** found that during 1981–2018 maize sowing and maturity dates were generally delayed by 0.6 and 1.2 d per decade,respectively,whereas heading date was advanced by 0.9 d per *** phenology was most negatively correlated with rising minimum temperature(night-time warming),followed by maximum(daytime)temperature,and least by mean *** trends in maize phenology and the correlation between growth periods and temperature generally declined from 1981 to 1999 to 2000–2018 for both spring and summer maize,although climate warming during growth period did not slow *** phenological response to temperature weakened mainly owing to agricultural managements,especially cultivar *** change shortened growth period by 3.4 and 1.7 d per decade but cultivar shifts prolonged it by 4.5 and 2.1 d per decade for spring and summer maize,*** study highlights that maize phenology is more sensitive to night-time warming than daytime warming,and cultivar shifts far outweigh climate *** findings foster the understanding of spatiotemporal dynamics of maize phenology and its drivers,which can benefit to develop effective climate change adaptation options for different regions.

关键词： Maize Climate change Phenology Adaptation Cultivars shift

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Cropping patterns for Phenology Stability and Resource Conservation Under Extreme Climates

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Ahmad, Aqeel Liu, Yujie Institute of Agricultural Sciences University of the Punjab Punjab Lahore Pakistan Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100101 China

CONTEXTCultivation pattern is the foundation stone of agriculture policy, enabling farmers to perform various farming operations efficiently. In the meantime, with an elevating frequency of extreme climate hits, it is imperative to devise low-cost strategies to anticipate disastrous climates and achieve regional food security even in the regions facing typhoons, floods, and extreme *** primarily aimed to evaluate the crop cultivation patterns, focusing on their intrinsic climate mitigation potential and phenological stability to secure sufficient ***, the study was performed in three phases, (i) crop type evaluation, (ii) cultivation pattern analysis, and (iii) cropping area analysis. In the first phase, the study used the climate data of 1979-2020 with reference to seven crop types (i.e., grains, oilseed, vegetables, beans, peas, nuts, and tubers) and evaluated yield reductions and phenological *** AND CONCLUSIONSThe results showed that tubers and nuts were the most resilient crops to extreme environmental events. Whereas grains (conventional staple crops) and oilseed (the essential food crops) were most vulnerable to extreme climatic hits. Time-course phenological stability was higher in nuts and tubers, which possessed elevated resistance against phenological shifts. In the second phase, intercropping was highlighted as a better cultivation pattern;however, the recommended cultivation pattern was agroforestry due to its significant advantages over alley cropping, forest farming and windbreaks. The third phase recommended incorporating windbreak plants in the perpendicular single-row formation with an inter-row distance of 20 r (r - horizontal radius of the tree canopy).SIGNIFICANCEOverall, the study aligns the fundamental aspects of agroecology with redesigning crop cultivation policies and has global implications in the agricultural systems to mitigate extreme environments and ensure food security. © 2023, The Auth

关键词： Cultivation

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Multi-scale temperature variations and their regional differences in China during the Medieval Climate Anomaly

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2020年第1期30卷 119-130页

作者： HAO Zhixin WU Maowei LIU Yang ZHANG Xuezhen ZHENG Jingyun Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchCASBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

The Medieval Climate Anomaly(MCA,AD950-1250)is the most recent warm period lasting for several hundred years and is regarded as a reference scenario when studying the impact of and adaptation to global and regional *** this study,we investigated the characteristics of temperature variations on decadal-centennial scales during the MCA for four regions(Northeast,Northwest,Central-east,and Tibetan Plateau)in China,based on high-resolution temperature reconstructions and related warm-cold records from historical *** ensemble empirical mode decomposition method is used to analyze the time *** results showed that for China as a whole,the longest warm period during the last 2000 years occurred in the 10th-13th centuries,although there were multi-decadal cold intervals in the middle to late 12th ***,in the beginning and ending decades,warm peaks and phases on the decadal scale of the MCA for different regions were not consistent with each *** the inter-decadal scale,regional temperature variations were similar from 950 to 1130;moreover,their amplitudes became smaller,and the phases did not agree well from 1130 to *** the multi-decadal to centennial scale,all four regions began to warm in the early 10th century and experienced two cold intervals during the ***,the Northwest and Central-east China were in step with each other while the warm periods in the Northeast China and Tibetan Plateau ended about 40-50 years *** the multi-centennial scale,the mean temperature difference between the MCA and Little Ice Age was significant in Northeast and Central-east China but not in the Northwest China and Tibetan *** to the mean temperature of the 20th century,a comparable warmth in the MCA was found in the Central-east China,but there was a little cooling in Northeast China;meanwhile,there were significantly lower temperatures in Northwest China and Tibetan Plateau.

关键词： China multi-scale variations temperature Medieval Climate Anomaly

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Conversion of biochar into sulfonate-bearing solid acids used for the hydrolysis of tylosin:the effect of aromaticity and degree of condensation

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Biochar 2023年第1期5卷 1514-1526页

作者： Qianqian Xie Xiao Yang Binoy Sarkar Xiaomin Dou Piumi Amasha Withana Yong Sik Ok College of Environmental Science and Engineering Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101People’s Republic of China Future Industries Institute University of South AustraliaMawson LakesSA 5095Australia Korea Biochar Research Center APRU Sustainable Waste Management Program&Division of Environmental Science and Ecological EngineeringKorea UniversitySeoul 02841Republic of Korea International ESG Association(IESGA) Seoul 06621Republic of Korea

In the last few decades,sulfonated carbon materials have garnered significant attention as Brøsted solid acid *** sulfonation process and catalytic activity of sulfonated biochar can be influenced by the aromaticity and degree of condensation exhibited by ***,the relationships between the aromaticity,sulfonating ability,and resultant catalytic activity are not fully *** this study,biochar samples pyrolyzed at 300-650℃ exhibiting different aromaticity and degrees of condensation were sulfonated and employed as sulfonate-bearing solid catalysts for hydrolytically removing *** exhibited excellent hydrolytic performance and their kinetic constants were positively correlated with the total acidity and negatively correlated with their *** study has uncovered the relationship between the structure,properties,sulfonating ability,and subsequent hydrolytic performance of biochar *** was observed that the aromaticity of biochar decreased as the pyrolysis temperature *** pyrolysis temperatures resulted in a reduced degree of condensation,smaller ring size,and an increased number of ring edge sites available for sulfonation,ultimately leading to enhanced catalytic *** findings provide valuable insights into the fundamental chemistry behind sulfonation upgrading of biochar,with the aim of developing functional catalysts for mitigating antibiotics in contaminated water.

关键词： Biochar upgrading Sulfonation Hydrolytic mitigation Tylosin removal Biochar-based solid acids

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