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Response of Vegetation Cover to Climate Changein the Southern Taihang Mountains in HebeiProvince

Agricultural Science & Technology 2017年第3期18卷 456-457,463页

作者： Yajun WANG Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research CASBeijing 100101 China

The relationships between the normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI)(1981-2006) in growing season and precipitation, NDVI and mean temperature(T_(mean)), NDVI and maximum temperature(T_(max)), NDVI and minimum temperature(T_(min)), and NDVI and the Palmer Drought Severity Index(PDSI) were analyzed. The results indicated that NDVI during the growing season was mostly positively and significantly correlated with precipitation last month and the month before last, and mostly negatively with temperature. There were negative and significant correlation between NDVI in June and July and T_(mean)and T_(max)in May respectively, between April NDVI and T_(min)in February and March, and between June NDVI and T_(min)in April, May and June. Vegetation cover in growing season correlated positively with PDSI, especially those last month and the month before last at 0.05 significance level, even 0.01 level. Hydrothermal conditions from March to July had significant influence on vegetation cover.

关键词： Southern Taihang Mountains in Hebei Province NDVI Hydrothermal condition

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Spatio-temporal variation of the wet-dry conditions from 1961 to 2015 in China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2017年第11期60卷 2041-2050页

作者： YUAN QuanZhi WU ShaoHong DAI ErFu ZHAO DongSheng ZHANG XueRu REN Ping Key Lab of Land Resources Evaluation and Monitoring in Southwest Ministry of EducationSichuan Normal UniversityChengdu 610068China Institute of Geography and Resources Science Sichuan Normal UniversityChengdu 610101China Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China College of Architecture and Urban Planning Chongqing Jiaotong UniversityChongqing 400074China School of Public Administration Hebei University of Economics and BusinessShijiazhuang 050061China

As an important part of the regional environment, the wet-dry climate condition is determined by precipitation and potential evapotranspiration （expressed as ETo）. Based on weather station data, this study first calculated ETo by using the FAO56 Penrnan-Monteith model. Then, the dryness index K （ratio of ETo to precipitation） was used to study the spatio-temporal variation of the wet-dry condition in China from 1961 to 2015; moreover, dominant climatic factors of the wet-dry condition change were discussed. The annual precipitation and ETo of the Qinling-Huaihe line were close to a balance （K≈1.0）. The annual precipitation in most areas exceeded the ETo in the south of this line and the east of Hengduan Mountains （K〈0.0）, where the climate is wet. Furthermore, the precipitation in the northwest inland areas of China, where the climate is dry, was markedly lower than ETo （K≥4.0）. The overall annual K of China fluctuated around the 55-year mean and its linear trend was not significant. However, a relatively wet period of about 10 yr （1987-1996） was recorded. The overall annual K of China showed strong cyclicality on the time scale of 3, 7-8, 11 and 26-28 yr, and regional differences of the annual K trends and cyclicality were large. The degrees of wetness in the Northwest China and western Qinghai-Tibet Plateau were substantially increased, whereas the degrees of dryness in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, Sichuan Basin, and Loess Plateau were markedly increased. The linear trend of the annual K in most regions of China was not significant, and the annual K of most areas in China showed strong cyclicality on the 8-14 yr time scale. Precipitation was the dominant factor of wet-dry condition change in most areas, especially in North China, where the annual K change was highly correlated with precipitation.

关键词： Wet-dry condition Climate dryness index Potential evapotranspiration Climate change China

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Near-real-time monitoring of global CO2 emissions reveals the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic (vol 11, 5172, 2020)

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NATURE COMMUNICATIONS 2020年第1期11卷 5172页

作者： Liu, Zhu Ciais, Philippe Deng, Zhu Lei, Ruixue Davis, Steven J. Feng, Sha Zheng, Bo Cui, Duo Dou, Xinyu Zhu, Biqing Guo, Rui Ke, Piyu Sun, Taochun Lu, Chenxi He, Pan Wang, Yuan Yue, Xu Wang, Yilong Lei, Yadong Zhou, Hao Cai, Zhaonan Wu, Yuhui Guo, Runtao Han, Tingxuan Xue, Jinjun Boucher, Olivier Boucher, Eulalie Chevallier, Frederic Tanaka, Katsumasa Wei, Yiming Zhong, Haiwang Kang, Chongqing Zhang, Ning Chen, Bin Xi, Fengming Liu, Miaomiao Breon, Francois-Marie Lu, Yonglong Zhang, Qiang Guan, Dabo Gong, Peng Kammen, Daniel M. He, Kebin Schellnhuber, Hans Joachim Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua University Beijing China. zhuliu@***. Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement LSCE CEA CNRS UVSQ Centre d'Etudes Orme de Merisiers Gif-sur-Yvette France. Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua University Beijing China. Department of Meteorology and Atmospheric Science The Pennsylvania State University University Park PA USA. Department of Earth System Science University of California Irvine 3232 Croul Hall Irvine CA USA. Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA USA. Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology School of Environmental Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology Nanjing China. Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China. Climate Change Research Center Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China. Key Laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China. School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing China. School of Mathematical School Tsinghua University Beijing China. Department of Mathematical Sciences Tsinghua University Beijing China. Center of Hubei Cooperative Innovation for Emissions Trading System Wuhan China. Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace Sorbonne Université / CNRS Paris France. Université Paris Dauphine Place du Maréchal de Lattre de Tassigny 75016 Paris France. Center for Energy and Environmental Policy Research Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing China. Department of Electrical Engineering the State Key Lab of Control and Simulation of Power Systems and Generation Equipment Institute for National Governance and G

A Correction to this paper has been published: https://***/10.1038/s41467-020-20254-5

关键词： Climate sciences Atmospheric science Environmental sciences Environmental social sciences

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Comprehensive Evaluation of the Suitability of Agricultural land in Myanmar

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Journal of Resources and Ecology 2018年第6期9卷 609-621页

作者： GU Changjun ZHANG Yili LIU Linshan LI Lanhui ZHANG Binghua Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

Myanmar is a country with an economy based on *** has rich agricultural resources and great potential for *** development of agriculture in Myanmar is becoming increasingly important to international food *** of agricultural land resources in Myanmar are the basis for the country's agricultural development and for food security *** this paper we used the MaxEnt model to analyze the relationship between the suitability of land for agricultural reclamation and the main environmental variables in Myanmar,and then constructed a model to comprehensively evaluate the suitability of land for agriculture in *** results show that:1)the overall accuracy of the MaxEnt model is high (AUC>0.8),which means there is a high correlation between the database of selected environmental indicators and the true distribution of cultivated land in Myanmar.2)Soil depth is the most important factor affecting the suitability of land for agriculture in Myanmar When the thickness of soil layer is less than 100 cm,the suitability of land for agriculture is *** respect to topographic conditions,slope is the main factor affecting *** the slope is greater than 20 degrees,the suitability of land for agriculture is *** respect to climate conditions,precipitation is the main influencing factor. There is a positive correlation between river network density and land suitability.3)Currently,400000 km^2 of the land resources in Myanmar are suitable for agriculture,and of this amount 290000km^2 are highly suitable,accounting for nearly 40% of the country's land *** highly suitable land is distributed mainly in Magway,Sagaing,Ayeyarwady and Yangon *** provinces are also important grain production areas in Myanmar,and this serves to validate the effectiveness of the method used in this paper.

关键词： Myanmar agriculture land suitability MaxEnt AHP

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An EcoCity model for regulating urban land cover structure and thermal environment： Taking Beijing as an example

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Science China Earth Sciences 2017年第6期60卷 1098-1109页

作者： KUANG WenHui YANG TianRong LIU AiLin ZHANG Chi LU DengSheng CHI WenFeng Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences 830011 China Zhejiang A&F University Hangzhou 311300 China Michigan State University East Lansing MI 48823 USA College of Desert Control Science and Engineering Inner Mongolia Agricultural University Hohhot 010018 China

Urban land-use/cover changes and their effects on the eco-environment have long been an active research topic in the urbanization field. However, the characteristics of urban inner spatial heterogeneity and its quantitative relationship with thermal environment are still poorly understood, resulting in ineffective application in urban ecological planning and *** the integration of "spatial structure theory" in urban geography and "surface energy balance" in urban climatology, we proposed a new concept of urban surface structure and thermal environment regulation to reveal the mechanism between urban spatial structure and surface thermal environment. We developed the EcoCity model for regulating urban land cover structure and thermal environment, and established the eco-regulation thresholds of urban surface thermal environments. Based on the comprehensive analysis of experimental observation, remotely sensed and meteorological data, we examined the spatial patterns of urban habitation, industrial, infrastructure service, and ecological spaces. We examined the impacts of internal land-cover components(e.g., urban impervious surfaces, greenness, and water) on surface radiation and heat flux. This research indicated that difference of thermal environments among urban functional areas is closely related to the proportions of the land-cover *** highly dense impervious surface areas in commercial and residential zones significantly increased land surface temperature through increasing sensible heat flux, while greenness and water decrease land surface temperature through increasing latent heat flux. We also found that different functional zones due to various proportions of green spaces have various heat dissipation roles and ecological thresholds. Urban greening projects in highly dense impervious surfaces areas such as commercial, transportation, and residential zones are especially effective in promoting latent heat dissipation efficiency of v

关键词： Urban land-use/cover Urban impervious surface Ecological regulation Thermal environment Remote sensing

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New radiocarbon and archaeobotanical evidence reveal the timing and route of southward dispersal of rice farming in south China

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Science Bulletin 2018年第22期63卷 1495-1501页

作者： Xiaoyan Yang Qiuhe Chen Yongchao Ma Zhao Li Hsiao-chun Hung Qianglu Zhang Zhiwei Jin Suoqiang Liu Zhenyu Zhou Xianguo Fu Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China School of Archaeology and Museology Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China School of Archaeology and Ancient History University of Leicester.Leicester LE17HRUK Department of Archaeology and Natural History Australian National UniversityCanberra ACT 0200Australia Guangzhou Municipal Institute of Archaeology and Cultural Relics Cuangzhou 510627China School of Society&Anthropology Sun Yat-sen UniversityCuangzhou 510275China Guangdong Provincial Institute of Archaeology and Cultural Relics Guangzhou 510075China Institute of Archaeology Chinese Academy of Social SciencesBeijing 100710China

The origins and spreads of rice agriculture have been enduring topics, yet the timing and southward dispersal from the Yangtze River Basin have been difficult to trace, due to the scarcity of archaeobotanical data, especially systematic macro-plant remains examination, combined with the poor preservation in the humid climate and acidic soils of China's southern ***, we report new radiocarbon dating and preserved rice phytolith evidence, derived from three Late Neolithic archaeological sites in south China, dated about 5,000–4,100 cal a *** results demonstrate that rice farming had spread southward through the mountainous regions of Wuyi and Nanling, then entered the areas of Western Fujian and North Guangdong by 5,000 cal a BP, followed by continued expansion into coastal areas of East China Sea and South China Sea, also crossing the Taiwan Strait, around 4,500–4,000 cal a *** North River,East River, Min River, and possibly other river systems likely were influential as pathways or conduits.

关键词： Agriculture spread Charred rice seeds Phytolith analysis Nanshan Site Laoyuan Site Guangdong and Fujian

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Modelling the integrated effects of land use and climate change scenarios on forest ecosystem aboveground biomass, a case study in Taihe County of China

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2017年第2期27卷 205-222页

作者： WU Zhuo DAI Erfu GE Quansheng XI Weimin WANG Xiaofan Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and NaturalResources Research CAS Beijing 100101 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Department of Biological and Health Sciences Texas A&M University Kingsville Texas 78363 USA Key Laboratory of Land Use Ministry of Land and Resources China Land-Surveying and Planning InstituteBeijing 100035 China

Global and regional environmental changes such as land use and climate change have significantly integrated and interactive effects on forest. These integrated effects will undoubtedly alter the distribution, function and succession processes of forest ecosystems. In order to adapt to these changes, it is necessary to understand their individual and integrated effects. In this study, we proposed a framework by using coupling models to gain a better understanding of the complex ecological processes. We combined an agent-based model for land use and land cover change（ABM/LUCC）, an ecosystem process model（PnET-Ⅱ）, and a forest dynamic landscape model（landIS-Ⅱ） to simulate the change of forest aboveground biomass（AGB） which was driven by land use and climate change factors for the period of 2010–2050 in Taihe County of southern China, where subtropical coniferous plantations dominate. We conducted a series of land use and climate change scenarios to compare the differences in forest AGB. The results show that：（1） land use, including town expansion, deforestation and forest conversion and climate change are likely to influence forest AGB in the near future in Taihe County.（2） Though climate change will make a good contribution to an increase in forest AGB, land use change can result in a rapid decrease in the forest AGB and play a vital role in the integrated simulation. The forest AGB under the integrated scenario decreased by 53.7%（RCP2.6 ＋ land use）, 57.2%（RCP4.5 ＋ land use）, and 56.9%（RCP8.5 ＋ land use） by 2050, which is in comparison to the results under separate RCPs without land use disturbance.（3） The framework can offer a coupled method to better understand the complex and interactive ecological processes, which may provide some supports for adapting to land use and climate change, improving and optimizing plantation structure and function,and developing measures for sustainable forest management.

关键词： RCPs plantation forest aboveground biomass ABM landIS-Ⅱ Taihe County

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Phenological records in Guanzhong Area in central China between 600 and 902 AD as proxy for winter half-year temperature reconstruction

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Science China Earth Sciences 2016年第9期59卷 1847-1853页

作者： LIU YaChen DAI JunHu WANG HuanJiong YE Yu LIU HaoLong School of Geography Beijing Normal University Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences

Phenological data obtained from historical documents constitute highly important ecological evidence for the pre-instrumental period, and can be used in analyzing climatic change in history. In this study, 87 phenological records about seasonality of non-biological events （e.g., first frost date）, agriculture and ornamental plants （e.g., first flowering date） over 77 years were extracted from historical documents from the Sui and Tang dynasties in China to reconstruct the winter half-year （from October to next April） temperatures in the Guanzhong Area （located in central China） from 600 to 902 AD. Transfer functions between temperature and phenophases with significant correlations were established by using modem observation data. Temperatures from the study period were reconstructed by applying the transfer functions to historical phenological data. The reconstruction indicates that the winter half-year temperatures during 600-902 AD were 0.23~C higher than the reference period （1961-1990）. The temperature changed with two distinct stages. During the 600s-800s, temperatures were approxi- mately 0.38~C higher than at present but then temperatures decreased in the subsequent period （800-902 AD）. These results are similar to ones from previous studies on the mean temperature and the divisions between warm and cold periods during the study period, though differences were found in the degree of warmness/coldness. This reconstruction provides a valuable contribution to a better understanding of climatic variability during the Sui and Tang dynasties in China.

关键词： Phenological records Temperature reconstruction Sui and Tang dynasties in China Guanzhong Area in China

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TEMPORAL AND SPATIAL DYNAMICS OF SOIL EROSION IN NORTH-SOUTH PAN RIVER WATERSHED IN 2000-2010

TEMPORAL AND SPATIAL DYNAMICS OF SOIL EROSION IN NORTH-SOUTH...

引用

IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium

作者： Wei Cao Lulu Liu Dan Wu Zhai Jun Yunfeng Hu Duanyang Xu Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Beijing CAS China School of Architecture and Civil Engineering Chengdu University Chengdu China Ministry of Environmental Protection Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences Nanjing China Ministry of Environmental Protection Satellite Environment Center Beijing China

In this study, the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) was applied to analyze the spatial and temporal dynamics of soil erosion in North-South Pan River watershed from 2000 to 2010, and the driving factors were discussed. The results showed that: (1) The average annual soil loss per area in North-South Pan River watershed was 14.6 t/hm~2/yr from 2000 to 2010, and the mean annual total soil loss was about 118 million tons. (2) In 2000-2010, the soil erosion showed an obvious decreasing trend with an annual variation of -0.87 t/hm~2/yr in North-South Pan River watershed. The soil erosion decreased in 75.1% of this watershed, and the soil erosion intensity decreased in 23.6% of this watershed which were mainly changed from slight to trivial (10.0%), from moderate to slight (7.7%) and from intensive to moderate (2.9%). (3) The declining of soil erosion in North-South Pan River watershed was mainly caused by the joint effect of climate change and ecological projects. The rainfall erosivity factor decreased greatly according to the observations of meteorological stations. Meanwhile the implementation of ecological projects helped the restoration of forest and grassland, and the vegetation coverage raise greatly with 0.35%/yr increase which can better prevent the occurrence of soil erosion. (4) Though the soil erosion have decreased a lot recently, the ecological environment of North-south Pan River watershed is still extremely vulnerable to further curb the occurrence of soil erosion in this watershed, a long-term mechanism of ecological protection needs to be established.

关键词： Soil Rivers Forestry Vegetation Mathematical model Market research Vegetation mapping

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Global daily CO2 emissions for the year 2020

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2021年

作者： Liu, Zhu Deng, Zhu Ciais, Philippe Tan, Jianguang Zhu, Biqing Davis, Steven J. Andrew, Robbie Boucher, Olivier Arous, Simon Ben Canadell, Pep Dou, Xinyu Friedlingstein, Pierre Gentine, Pierre Guo, Rui Hong, Chaopeng Jackson, Robert B. Kammen, Daniel M. Ke, Piyu Le Quere, Corinne Monica, Crippa Janssens-Maenhout, Greet Peters, Glen Tanaka, Katsumasa Wang, Yilong Zheng, Bo Zhong, Haiwang Sun, Taochun Schellnhuber, Hans Joachim Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Laboratoire des Sciences du Climate et de l'Environnement LSCE Orme de Merisiers Gif-sur-Yvette91191 France Department of Earth System Science University of California Irvine 3232 Croul Hall IrvineCA92697-3100 United States CICERO Center for International Climate Research Oslo Norway Institute Pierre-Simon Laplace Sorbonne Université/CNRS Paris France Kayrros 33 Rue La Fayette ParisFR 75009 France Global Carbon Project CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere Australia Capital Territory Australia College of Engineering Mathematics and Physical Sciences University of Exeter Exeter United Kingdom Department of Earth & Environment Sciences Columbia University United States Earth System Science Department Woods Institute for the Environment Precourt Institute for Energy Stanford University StanfordCA United States Energy and Resources Group Goldman School of Public Policy University of California BerkeleyCA United States School of Environmental Science The Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research University of East Anglia Norwich United Kingdom Ispra Italy Center for Global Environmental Research National Institute for Environmental Studies Tsukuba Japan Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua University Shenzheng China Department of Electrical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research Potsdam14412 Germany

The diurnal cycle CO2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion and cement production reflect seasonality, weather conditions, working days, and more recently the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Here, for the first time we provide a daily CO2 emission dataset for the whole year of 2020 calculated from inventory and near-real-time activity data (called Carbon Monitor project: https://***) for power generation (for 29 countries), industry (for 73 countries), road transportation (for 406 cities), aviation and maritime transportation and residential fuel use sectors (which we estimate for 206 countries). It was previously suggested from preliminary estimates that did not cover the entire year of 2020 that the pandemics may have caused more than 8% annual decline of global CO2 emissions. Here we show from detailed estimates of the full year data that the global reduction was only 5.4% (-1,901 MtCO2, ±7.2% for 2-sigma range). This decrease is 5 times larger than the annual emission drop at the peak of the 2008 Global Financial Crisis. However, global CO2 emissions gradually recovered towards 2019 levels from late April with global partial re-opening. More importantly, global CO2 emissions even increased slightly by +0.9% in December 2020 compared with 2019, indicating the trends of rebound of global emissions. Later waves of COVID-19 infections in late 2020 and corresponding lockdowns have caused further CO2 emissions reductions particularly in western countries, but to a much smaller extent than the declines in the first wave. Despite partial mobility restrictions in European countries and in some US States that have been affected by the second and third waves of the pandemics, emission reductions observed in Autumn 2020 were much smaller than those of Spring 2020. That even substantial world-wide lockdowns of activity led to a one-time decline in global CO2 emissions of only 5.4% in one year highlights the significant challenges for climate change mitigation

关键词： Fossil fuels

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