Germanium (Ge) based devices are widely used in optical communications and image sensors due to the brilliant properties of Ge (high carrier mobility, excellent CMOS compatibility). Here, by integrating Ge with the na...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781665425735
Germanium (Ge) based devices are widely used in optical communications and image sensors due to the brilliant properties of Ge (high carrier mobility, excellent CMOS compatibility). Here, by integrating Ge with the nanofilms of macroscopic-assembled-graphene (nMAG) - large-scale highly crystalline graphene nanofilm, we demonstrated a high-performance Schottky diode. The device shows a detection bandwidth of 1.5 to 4 $\mu{\mathrm{m}}$ with responsivities ranging from 1.1 A/W to 40 mA/W and specific detectivity between 10 11 to 10 9 Jones, and a rising time of ~80 ns at room temperature. Such performance is a result of the broadband and strong absorption, the long carrier relaxation time (20 ps) of nMAG, and the low Schottky barrier of $n$ MAG/Ge junction. The broadband detection range of this detector is comparable to the state-of-the-art Ge-based IR photodiodes.
Searching the cost-effective organic semiconductors is strongly needed in order to facilitate the practice of organic solar cells (OSCs), yet to be fulfilled. Herein, we have succeeded in developing two non-fused ring...
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Searching the cost-effective organic semiconductors is strongly needed in order to facilitate the practice of organic solar cells (OSCs), yet to be fulfilled. Herein, we have succeeded in developing two non-fused ring electron acceptors (NFREAs), leading to the highest efficiency of 16.2 % for the NFREA derived OSCs. These OSCs exhibit the superior operational stabilities under one sun equivalent illumination without ultraviolet (UV) filtration. It is revealed that the modulation of halogen substituents on aromatic side chains, as the new structural tool to tune the intermolecular interaction and optoelectronic properties of acceptors, not only promotes the interlocked tic-tac-toe frame of three-dimensional stacks in solid, but also improves charge dynamics of acceptors to enable high-performance and stable OSCs.
Encapsulation of bioactive substances for extended shelf life and controlled,targeted release is critical for their applications in food and drug ***,a new method has been developed to encapsulate bioactive molecules ...
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Encapsulation of bioactive substances for extended shelf life and controlled,targeted release is critical for their applications in food and drug ***,a new method has been developed to encapsulate bioactive molecules in the crystal composites,showing greatly enhanced stability and unique pHtriggered ***,a model bioactive,is first loaded in shellac nanoparticles via coprecipitation with a high encapsulation efficiency,and then the chlorophyll-loaded nanoparticles are incorporated into calcite crystals grown from a gel media containing the *** the protection of shellac nanoparticles and calcite crystals,chlorophyll shows excellent stability even under *** chlorophyll could only be released by first dissolving the calcite crystals under acidic condition and then dissolving the shellac nanoparticles under alkaline *** unique pHtriggered release mimics the pH change from acidic in the stomach to alkaline in the intestine and is thus well suited for controlled,targeted intestinal *** work suggests that the crystal composites are an ideal delivery vehicle for the functional design of bioactive molecules.
The development of new strategies for producing polyesters can expand the category of biodegradable materials. Here, we disclose the alternating copolymerization of cyclic acetals (made from formaldehyde and diols) an...
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The development of new strategies for producing polyesters can expand the category of biodegradable materials. Here, we disclose the alternating copolymerization of cyclic acetals (made from formaldehyde and diols) and anhydrides for the first time, using 5 cyclic acetals and 9 anhydrides to afford 45 unprecedented polyesters. At a wide range of reaction temperatures (25 to 140 °C), diverse metal-free Lewis/Brønsted acids are highly active catalysts for these copolymerizations via the cationic mechanism. Of interest, kinetic studies indicate that the copolymerization of cyclic acetals and anhydrides shifts the chemical equilibrium of “cyclic acetals ⇌ polyacetals” to the left, thus yielding polyesters with up to >99 % alternating degree. The obtained polyesters possess high oxygen content ([O] : [C] up to 6 : 7), molecular weights of 2.0–33.3 kDa, narrow polydispersities of 1.2–1.5, low glass transition temperatures (−64 to −27 °C), as well as high decomposition temperatures (275 to 324 °C).
Bi-hydrogel strips consisting of a highly swelling layer and a non-swelling layer are investigated in this study,in which the differential swelling capabilities and mismatch strain in the composite structure drive the...
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Bi-hydrogel strips consisting of a highly swelling layer and a non-swelling layer are investigated in this study,in which the differential swelling capabilities and mismatch strain in the composite structure drive the strips into a bending configuration when being exposed to solvents.A modified analytical model originated from Timoshenko theory on bi-material beam is proposed to predict the swelling-induced bending shape of the bi-hydrogel strips,with explicit relations of bending curvature and mid-span deflection versus mismatch *** sets of experiments were performed to verify the analytical model and its solutions,in which the swellinginduced mismatch strain was systematically tuned by the selection of saline *** broad agreements bet ween the t heore tical and experimen tai results indicate that the modified analytical model can be used to guide the design of morphing elements by modulating layer-bylayer mismatches in gel composites to produce precise and complex shape transformations for practical applications.
The general characteristics of the active center of the catalysts(including zinc-cobalt(III) double metal cyanide complex [Zn-Co(Ⅲ) DMCC]) for the copolymerization reaction of carbon dioxide(CO2) with epoxide...
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The general characteristics of the active center of the catalysts(including zinc-cobalt(III) double metal cyanide complex [Zn-Co(Ⅲ) DMCC]) for the copolymerization reaction of carbon dioxide(CO2) with epoxide are summarized. By comparing the active center, catalytic performance of the Zn-Co(Ⅲ) DMCC(and other catalysts) with HCAII enzyme in the organism for activating CO2(COS and CS2), we proposed that the metal-hydroxide bond(M-OH), which is the real catalytic center of human carbonic anhydride Ⅱ(HCAⅡ), is also the catalytic(initiating) center for the copolymerization. It accelerates the copolymerization and forms a closed catalytic cycle through the chain transfer reaction to water(and thus strictly meets the definition of the catalyst). In addition, the metal-hydroxide bond catalysis could well explain the oxygen/sulfur exchange reaction(O/S ER) in metal(Zn, Cr)-catalyzed copolymerization of COS(and CS2) with epoxides. Therefore, it is very promising to learn from HCAⅡ enzyme to develop biomimetic catalyst for highly active CO2/epoxide copolymerization in a well-controlled manner under mild conditions.
Supramolecular structures have received growing attention and been widely applied in many ***, we synthesized hydrophobic β-cyclodextrin-contained poly(β-amino ester)(PAE-β-CD) and hydrophilic adamantyl-terminated ...
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Supramolecular structures have received growing attention and been widely applied in many ***, we synthesized hydrophobic β-cyclodextrin-contained poly(β-amino ester)(PAE-β-CD) and hydrophilic adamantyl-terminated poly(ethylene glycol)(PEG-AD) to form a supramolecular micelle via the host-guest interaction. The micelle displayed pH responsive structure change due to the transform of hydrophobic PAE core to hydrophilic form in weakly acid condition. After the anticancer drug curcumin(Cur) was loaded into the micelle, the drug release behavior of the Cur-loaded micelle was studied, and it turned out that the Cur-loaded supramolecular micelle could effectively unload the drug at pH ***, the antitumor efficiency of the Cur-loaded micelle was also examined both in vitro and in vivo, indicating considerable inhibition ratio as high as 62.14% against mouse sarcoma 180.
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