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Recrystallization mechanism and texture evolution of medium manganese steel during cyclic heating

Journal of materials Research and technology 2025年 36卷 5298-5308页

作者： Di Zhang Haixin Li Chuanfeng Wang Huilan Sun Yaxu Zheng Cheng Ma Bo Wang Yadong She Shufeng Yang Hebei Key Laboratory of Material Near-net Forming Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Hebei University of Science and Technology Hebei 050000 China Materials Technology Research Institute HBIS Group Hebei 050000 China University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China

The recrystallization mechanism and texture evolution of medium manganese steel were investigated during quenching at temperatures ranging from 800 to 1000 °C, in order to modify the grain texture and Σ3 grain boundary migration through twin recrystallization. After completion of recrystallization, stress and dislocations within the grains are eliminated or recombined. Moreover, there is a higher proportion of grains with Schmidt factor (SF) ≥0.44, which facilitates easier movement of the slip system and significantly improves plasticity after quenching. The (111) [ 1 2 ‾ 1 ] grains have a higher likelihood of nucleation, and during subsequent grain growth, they tend to resemble (110) [221] grains. However, the recrystallization process has minimal impact on the overall final grain orientation. As the quenching temperature increases, more nucleation sites are formed and the deformed crystals decompose into subcrystals, resulting in a shift from uniform to multi-orientation. This enhances the plasticity of medium manganese steel. The increase in twins will also increase the twin boundary, leading to an increase in Σ3GBs. The presence of Σ3GBs hinders grain growth due to its lower interface energy. When Σ3GBs encounters high-angle grain boundaries (HAGBs), it is absorbed by the latter and transformed into HAGBs. Recrystallization results in smaller local orientation differences (LAM) between grains, reducing the driving force for grain growth. Investigating recrystallization grain evolution at different quenching temperatures has significant implications for understanding the underlying mechanisms.

关键词： Medium manganese steel Migration of grain boundaries Texture evolution Twinning evolution Austenite morphology

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Construction and regulation of heterogeneous structure in medium Mn steel with critical annealing − quenching and partitioning process

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materials and Design 2025年 253卷

作者： Zhang, Di Du, Xuchao Liu, Yinzhao Sun, Huilan Zheng, Yaxu Yang, Shufeng Ma, Cheng Wang, Bo Hebei Key Laboratory of Material Near-net Forming Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Hebei University of Science and Technology Hebei050000 China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing100083 China Materials Technology Research Institute HBIS Group Hebei050000 China

The heterogeneous structure formed by the specific process is very effective in balancing the strength and plasticity of the metal material. The heterogeneous structure formation, evolution and strengthening mechanism have not been clearly understood, especially its potential in the microstructure design of medium manganese steel (MMS) has not been explored. In this work, the composition and characteristic genetic behavior of heterogeneous structure were studied during the casting billet, hot rolling, warm rolling and critical annealing − quenching and partitioning (IA-Q&P) process. It is found that the specific hot rolling and warm rolling processes are conducive to the formation of heterogeneous structure in MMS, and the warm rolling and IA-Q&P processes could refine grain and increase the dislocation density, thus improving the mechanical properties. In addition, the IA-Q&P process could also consume the recrystallization structure and reduce the Schmidt factor in the grain, so as to further improve the mechanical properties and deformation resistance. In summary, the study of the formation of heterogeneous structures in MMS is of great significance for improving the strength and plasticity of MMS. © 2025 The Author(s)

关键词： Quenching

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Research on microstructure evolution and carbide transformation behavior during the quenching and tempering processes of secondary hardening steel

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Journal of materials Research and technology 2025年 36卷 8088-8107页

作者： Yaxu Zheng Shaokang Chu Long Zhang Qi Wang Guibao Qiu Liguang Zhu Zhihong Guo Tianwei Xie Hairui Zhao Suling Lu Bo Wang Jie Feng College of Materials Science and Engineering Chongqing University Chongqing 400044 PR China School of Material Science and Engineering Hebei Short Process Steel Making Technology Innovation Center Hebei Key Laboratory of Material Near-Net Forming Technology Hebei University of Science and Technology Shijiazhuang 050018 PR China Shougang Zhixin Electromagnetic Materials (Qian'an) Co. Ltd. Qian'an 064404 Heibei PR China

The microstructure evolution, solution and precipitation of precipitated phases and mechanical properties of Co-free and low-Ni secondary hardening steel, upon quenching and tempering were studied using optical microscopy (OM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), and microhardness testing. Based on these results, the effects of quenching media and tempering temperatures on the microstructure and properties of alloy steel are discussed. The results showed that when the quenching temperature was 1050 °C and air or oil cooling was adopted, some lower bainite was generated in the microstructure, and <100 nm V-rich MC-type carbides (M = V, Mo, or Ti) precipitated during the air cooling process. The microstructure is martensite after austempering at temperatures between 350 °C and 500 °C. MC carbides precipitate during the austempering process, and the quantity of precipitated carbides increases with higher temperatures and prolonged time. When tempered at temperatures between 200 °C and 400 °C, internal stress is reduced, and dislocations are recovered, resulting in a decrease in hardness. When tempered at 550 °C, a significant amount of carbides precipitate, primarily including M 3 C and M 2 C. The fine M 2 C carbides exhibit a secondary hardening effect, resulting in maximum hardness. When the tempering temperature is higher than 550 °C, the size of M 2 C carbides increased and coarsened into short rod-like shapes. M 23 C 6 precipitated at the grain boundaries and coarsened, so the hardness decreases. During high-temperature tempering, the decrease in hardness was caused by the coarsening of carbides and the aggregation of large-sized M 23 C 6 at the grain boundaries.

关键词： Co-free low-Ni secondary hardening steel Alloy carbides Secondary hardening Tempering temperature

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Kinematics Analysis and Optimization of the Fast Shearing-extrusion Joining Mechanism for Solid-state Metal

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2015年第6期28卷 1123-1131页

作者： ZHANG Shuangjie YAO Yunfeng LI Lingchong WANG Lijuan LI Junxia LI Qiang School of Materials Science and Engineering Hebei University of Science and Technology Key Laboratory of Material Near-net Forming Technology of Hebei Province School of Mechanical Engineering Yanshan University

Dynamical Joining of the solid-state metal is the key technology to realize endless hot rolling. The heating and laser welding method both require long joining time. Based on super deformation method, a 7-bar and 2-slider mechanism was developed in Japan, and the joining time is less than 0.5 s, however the length of each bar are not reported and this mechanism is complex. A relatively simple 6-bar and 1-slider mechanism is put forward, which can realize the shearing and extrusion motion of the top and bottom blades with a speed approximately equal to the speed of the metal plates. In order to study the kinematics property of the double blades, based on complex vector method, the multi-rigid-body model is built, and the displacement and speed functions of the double blades, the joining time and joining thickness are deduced, the kinematics analysis shows that the initial parameters can＇t satisfy the joining process. Hence, optimization of this mechanism is employed using genetic algorithm（GA） and the optimization parameters of this mechanism are obtained, the kinematics analysis show that the joining time is less than 0.1 s, the joining thickness is more than 80% of the thickness of the solid-state metal, and the horizontal speeds of the blades are improved. A new mechanism is provided for the joining of the solid-state metal and a foundation is laid for the design of the device.

关键词： endless rolling solid-state metal dynamical joining mechanism kinematic optimization genetic algorithm

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Motion Stability Analysis of Non-sinusoidal Oscillation of Mold Driven by Servomotor

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2015年第6期28卷 1269-1276页

作者： YAO Yunfeng LI Junxia FANG Yiming School of Materials Science and Engineering Hebei University of Science and Technology Key Laboratory of Material Near-net Forming Technology of Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Industrial Computer Control Engineering of Hebei Province Yanshan University National Engineering Research Center for Equipment and Technology of Cold Strip Rolling

The investments of the electro-hydraulic servo system of the mold non-sinusoidal oscillator are great, the modification ratio of the mechanical type is unable to be adjusted online, and some continuous casters suffer from server resonance during the casting. A mold non-sinusoidal oscillation mechanism driven by servomotor is proposed and the prototype is produced in the lab, the investment is low and the modification ratio is can be adjusted online, and the stability problem is studied. At first the dynamics model of the servomotor non-sinusoidal oscillation is established, and the kinematics differential function is deduced. Furthermore, based on the harmonic balance method, the eigenvalues of the system are solved; the criterion of the stability of the system is put forward. In addition, the eigenvalues and harmonic with different oscillating parameters are analyzed. Analytical results show that the real parts of the eigenvalues are positive, the system will be unstable, and the resonance will occur when the positive real parts of the eigenvalues are extremum. A foundation is established for solving the running smooth problem and next application of this mechanism.

关键词： continuous casting mold non-sinusoidal oscillation servomotor stability resonance

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Effect of cooling temperature on the microstructure and corrosion behavior of X80 pipeline steel

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and materials 2020年第3期27卷 347-353页

作者： Jing Ma Fan Feng Bai-qing Yu Hai-feng Chen Li-feng Fan School of Materials Hebei University of Science and TechnologyShijiazhuang 050018China Hebei Key Laboratory of Material Near-Net Forming Technology Shijiazhuang 050018China School of Transportation Inner Mongolia UniversityHohhot 010070China

Dual-phase accelerated cooling(DPAC) was applied to X80 pipeline steel to obtain its microstructure with different amounts of bainite and ferrite. The microstructure, hardness, and polarization behaviors of the steel, cooled to different temperatures, were investigated. Results showed that, with decreasing cooling temperature, the amount of polygon ferrite(PF) increased while that of acicular ferrite(AF) decreased. The amount of bainite correspondingly decreased, except when cooled to 760°C. Moreover, the grain size of ferrite increased. The corrosion behaviors of different phases were distinct. Martensite/austenite(M/A) islands presented at the grain boundary of the PF phase caused small pits. Numerous micro-corrosion cells were formed in the AF and bainite phases, where micropores were prone to form. X80 pipeline steel cooled to 700°C had the best corrosion resistance in the simulated seawater. The decreased amount of the PF phase reduced the area of cathode, resulting in slight corrosion. About 40 vol% of the bainite phase provided strength while the PF phase provided adequate ductility to the X80 steel. It was concluded that the appropriate cooling temperature was 700°C for ideal corrosion resistance and mechanical properties.

关键词： X80 pipeline steel Dual-phase accelerated cooling microstructure corrosion behavior

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Energy saving analysis for CO_(2)–O_(2)mixed injection technology in converter steelmaking

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第5期31卷 1095-1103页

作者： Bao-chen Han Chun-liang Gao Ya-qiang Li Dan Liu Guang-sheng Wei Rong Zhu Hebei Key Laboratory of Material Near-Net Forming Technology School of Material Science and EngineeringHebei University of Science and TechnologyShijiazhuang050018HebeiChina Department of Automotive Engineering Hebei Vocational University of Technology and EngineeringXingtai054000HebeiChina School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China

Energy-saving in China's iron and steel industry still relies on the development and improvement of short-term energy saving ***,a special converter smelting technology incorporating energy saving was *** evaluate the energy-saving potential of the CO_(2)–O_(2)mixed injection(COMI)technology,collected production data were used to develop an improved techno-economic *** reveal that the technology can save energy through auxiliary material consumption,sensible heat of solid by-product,iron loss reduction,and energy *** application of COMI technology in an enterprise is cost effective,involving the energy saving potential of 0.206 GJ/t,the cost of conserved energy of−48.83 yuan/GJ,and a simple payback period of 0.35 year for a 60-million-yuan *** analysis shows that the investment cost and discount rate primarily influence the cost of conserved energy of the *** the discount rate increased,the cost of conserved energy also gradually ***,the COMI technology is an energy-saving technology with good development prospects.

关键词： Converter steelmaking COMI technology Energy saving Techno-economic model Investment cost

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The effects of alloy composition and annealing time on microstructure and mechanical properties of Zr3Al-based alloys

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materials Research Innovations 2015年第Sup9期19卷 S955-S958页

作者： Li, J.H. Gao, Y. Liu, S. Mao, L. Zhang, F.C. Li, Q. Yanshan University Qinhuangdao066004 China Hebei University of Science and Technology Shijiazhuang050000 China Hebei Key Laboratory of Material Near-Net Forming Technology Shijiazhuang050000 China

ZrAl alloys with three different Al contents (6.0, 7.0, 8.0 wt-%) were melted by non-consumable electric-arc furnace. X-ray diffraction and metallographic analysis were used to study the microstructure and phase composition of ZrAl alloys, then rockwell hardness and tensile properties were tested. The results showed that Al significantly enhanced the hardness of pure Zr, and hardness of as-cast ZrAl alloys increased with the increase of Al content. Homogeneous microstructure of Zr3Al-based alloys could be obtained by annealing, and the annealing time must increase with the increase of Al content. With the increase of annealing time, grain size of Zr3Al-based alloys increased, tensile strength and elongation decreased. This implied that when ensuring complete peritectoid reaction conditions, we should minimise annealing time to avoid coarse grain for the purpose of obtaining Zr3Al-based alloys with excellent mechanical properties. In addition, annealing changed the fracture mode of ZrAl alloys from brittle to ductile. © W. S. Maney & Son Ltd 2015.

关键词： Binary alloys

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Synergetic deformation mechanisms in an Mg-Zn-Y-Zr alloy with intragranular LPSO structures

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2023年第5期11卷 1754-1768页

作者： Z.Z.Peng X.H.Shao Z.M.Liang D.L.Wang L.W.Wang X.L.Ma Hebei Key Laboratory of Material Near-Net Forming Technology School of Materials Science and EngineeringHebei University of Science and TechnologyShijiazhuang 050018China Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences72 Whenua RoadShenyang 110016China

Deformation kink is one of the important strengthening mechanisms of the long-period-stacking-ordered(LPSO)phase containing magnesium(Mg)alloys,while the deformation twin is generally *** optimize the mechanical properties of LPSO containing Mg alloy by simultaneously exciting kink and twin,we successfully prepared the Mg-Zn-Y-Zr alloy featuring intragranular LPSO phase and free grain boundary LPSO phase by *** unraveled the corresponding strengthening and toughening mechanisms through transmission electron microscopy characterization and theoretical *** high strength and good plasticity of the homogenized alloy benefit from the synergistic deformation mechanism of multiple kinking and twining in the *** the activation of kinking and twinning depends on the thicknesses of LPSO lamellae and their relative *** results may shed light on optimizing the design of Mg alloys regulating the microstructure of LPSO phases.

关键词： Mg alloy LPSO distribution Kink Twin Transmission electron microscopy

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Microstructure and microhardness of a novel TiZrAlV alloy by laser gas nitriding at different laser powers

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Rare Metals 2020年第3期39卷 270-278页

作者： Zhi-Hao Feng Xin-Yang Sun Peng-Biao Han Hang Fu Hui-Cong Dong Shun Guo Ru Su Jian-Hui Li Hebei Key Laboratory of Material Near-net Forming Technology Hebei University of Science and TechnologyShijiazhuang050000China Hebei Engineering Laboratory of Aviation Lightweight Composite Materials and Processing Technology Hebei University of Science and TechnologyShijiazhuang050000China State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology Yanshan UniversityQinhuangdao066004China School of Materials Science and Engineering Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang212013China

The Ti-20Zr-6.5Al-4V(T20Z,wt%)alloy surface was treated by the process of laser surface *** evolution of microstructures and microhardness has been investigated by changing the laser power parameter from 120 to 240 *** laser-treated T20Z samples show two regions with distinctly different microstructural features,as compared with the untreated substrate:dense TiN dendrites and(α+β)-Ti(remelting zone,RMZ),nanoscaleαlaths doped with part of p phase(heat-affected zone,HAZ).The formation of TiN dendrites can be analyzed by a series of complex reactions during the process of melting and *** increase in laser power results in the increase in content of TiN dendrite which is mainly due to the increase in energy *** HAZ,the self-quenching effect leads to the formation of nanoscale a laths and the residue ofβ*** profile of different regions was measured from the surface to the interior,and the highest microhardness was obtained(~HV 916.8)in the RMZ,as the laser power was set to 240 *** the present study,we explained various microstructural characteristics induced by laser surface nitriding treatment.

关键词： TiZrAlV alloy Laser surface nitriding Microstructure TiN dendrites Microhardness

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