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Formation of secondary inorganic aerosol in a frigid urban atmosphere

Frontiers of environmental Science & Engineering 2022年第2期16卷 39-50页

作者： Yuan Cheng Qinqin Yu Jiumeng Liu Youwen Sun Linlin Liang Zhenyu Du Guannan Geng Wanli Ma Hong Qi Qiang Zhang Kebin He State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment School of EnvironmentHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150090China Key Laboratory of Environmental Optics and Technology Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather&CMA Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China National Research Center for Environmental Analysis and Measurement Environmental Development Center of the Ministry of Ecology and EnvironmentBeijing 100029China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Formation of secondary inorganic aerosol(SIA)was investigated during a six-month long heating season in Harbin,*** sulfate formation was observed at high relative humidity(RH),with the same threshold RH(80%)for both colder and warmer measurement *** to wintertime results from Beijing,the threshold RH was considerably higher in Harbin,whereas the RH-dependent enhancement of sulfur oxidation ratio(SOR)was less *** addition,the high RH events were rarely encountered,and for other periods,the SOR were typically as low as~***,the sulfate formation was considered inefficient in this *** excluding the several cases with high RH,both SOR and the nitrogen oxidation ratio(NOR)exhibited increasing trends as the temperature increased,with the increase of NOR being *** nitrate to sulfate ratio tended to increase with increasing temperature as *** on a semi-quantitative approach,this trend was attributed primarily to the temperature-dependent variations of precursors including SO_(2) and NO_(2).The influence of biomass burning emissions on SIA formation was also *** stronger impact of biomass burning,an enhancement in NOR was observed whereas SOR was largely *** different patterns were identified as the dominant driver of the larger nitrate to sulfate ratios measured at higher concentrations of fine particulate matter.

关键词： Haze Sulfate Nitrate Heterogeneous chemistry Biomass burning

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Hydrochars as slow-release phosphorus fertilizers for enhancing corn and soybean growth in an agricultural soil

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Carbon Research 2024年第1期3卷 1-19页

作者： Khosravi, Anahita Yuan, Yanfei Liu, Qiang Zheng, Hao Hashemi, Masoud Tang, Yuanzhi Xing, Baoshan Stockbridge School of Agriculture University of Massachusetts AmherstMA01003 United States Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control College of Environmental Science and Engineering Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System Ocean University of China Qingdao266100 China Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology Qingdao266237 China School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences Georgia Institute of Technology AtlantaGA30332–0340 United States

Hydrochars as carbonaceous amendments rich in porous structures and nutrients can be used as promising slow-release fertilizers and soil health amendments. Yet, the performance of hydrochars derived from different feedstocks in improving crop plant growth and soil phosphorus (P) availability is not well understood. Here, a batch of sewage sludge (SS) and chicken manure (CM) derived hydrochars (SSCs and CMCs) were produced at 125 and 225 °C (SS125/225 and CM125/225) to investigate their characteristics and performances in improving the seedling growth of two representative crops, soybean (Glycine max) and corn (Zea mays), as well as the P availability in an acidic agricultural soil in comparison with triple super phosphate (TSP), a conventional P fertilizer. Compared with CMCs, SSCs with more porous and rougher surfaces contained relatively lower contents of carbon (C;32.3–33.3%), hydrogen (H;3.9–4.69%), and potassium (K;29.2–51 mg g−1), but higher contents of P (37.4–85.4%) and nitrogen (N;2.26–4.9%), as well as more O-containing and N-containing functional groups. The impacts of hydrochars on soybean and corn growth showed distinct variations. The application of SSCs showed little effect on soybean growth (i.e., biomass, chlorophyl contents, and number of leaves), while CMCs significantly increased its total dry biomass by 23.2–66.2%. For corn, both SSCs and CMCs increased the total dry biomass by 32.8–92.4% and 21.8–69.7%, respectively, compared to those in the un-amended soils. In addition, compared with the higher temperature hydrochars (SS225 and CM225), the lower temperature ones (SS125 and CM125) increased the total dry biomass by 24.6% and 34.9% for soybean and 44.8% and 39.3% for corn, respectively. The significant improvement in crop growth by hydrochars was mainly due to the direct nutrient supply (particularly P) by the hydrochars, which was supported by the increased soil and shoot P concentrations. Moreover, hydrochar application led to a rise in soil

关键词： Manures

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Interaction and combined toxicity of microplastics and per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances in aquatic environment

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Frontiers of environmental Science & Engineering 2022年第10期16卷 145-161页

作者： Yanhui Dai Jian Zhao Chunxiao Sun Diying Li Xia Liu Zhenyu Wang Tongtao Yue Baoshan Xing Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology(Ministry of Education)Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth SystemOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao 266237China Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control and School of Environmental and Civil EngineeringJiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China Stockbridge School of Agriculture University of MassachusettsAmherstMA 01003USA

Microplastics(MPs)are recognized as vectors for the transport of organic contaminants in aquatic environments in addition to their own adverse effects on aquatic ***-and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFASs)are widely present in aquatic environments due to their widespread applications,and thus coexist with ***,we focus on the interaction of MPs and PFASs and related combined toxicity in aquatic environments in this work The adsorption of PFASs on MPs is critically reviewed,and new mechanisms such as halogen bonding,π-πinteraction,cation-πinteractions,and micelle formation are ***,the effect of MPs on the transport and transformation of PFASs in aquatic environments is *** on four typical aquatic organisms(shellfish,Daphnia,algae,and fish),the toxicity of MPs and/or PFASs at the organismal or molecular levels is also evaluated and ***,challenges and research perspectives are proposed,and the roles of the shapes and aging process of MPs on PFAS biogeochemical processes and toxicity,especially on PFAS substitutes,are recommended for further *** review provides a better understanding of the interactions and toxic effects of coexisting MPs and PFASs in aquatic environments.

关键词： Microplastics Per-and Polyfluoroalkyl substances Adsorption Transport Transformation

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Dissecting the contributions of organic nitrogen aerosols to global atmospheric nitrogen deposition and implications for ecosystems

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National Science Review 2023年第12期10卷 124-136页

作者： Yumin Li Tzung-May Fu Jian Zhen Yu Xu Yu Qi Chen Ruqian Miao Yang Zhou Aoxing Zhang Jianhuai Ye Xin Yang Shu Tao Hongbin Liu Weiqi Yao Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement and Early Warning Technology for Urban Environmental Health Risks School of Environmental Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Guangdong Provincial Observation and Research Station for Coastal Atmosphere and Climate of the Greater Bay Area Southern University of Science and Technology Division of Environment and Sustainability Hong Kong University of Science and Technology National Center for Applied Mathematics Shenzhen Department of Chemistry Hong Kong University of Science and Technology State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control International Joint Laboratory for Regional Pollution Control College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Peking University Frontier Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System and Physical Oceanography Laboratory Ocean University of China College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences Ocean University of China Department of Ocean Science Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Department of Ocean Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology

Atmospheric deposition of particulate organic nitrogen（ONp） is a significant process in the global nitrogen cycle and may be pivotally important for N-limited ***,past models largely overlo oked the spatial and chemical inhomogeneity of atmospheric ONpand were thus deficient in assessing global *** constructed a comprehensive global model of atmospheric gaseous and particulate organic nitrogen（ON）,including the latest knowledge on emissions and secondary *** this model,we simulated global atmospheric ONpabundances consistent with *** estimated global atmospheric ON deposition was 26 Tg N yr-1,predominantly in the form of ONp(23 Tg N yr-1)and mostly from wildfires（37%）,oceans（22%） and aqueous productions（17%）.Globally,ONpcontributed as much as 40% to 80% of the total N deposition downwind of biomass-burning *** ONpdeposition thus constituted the dominant external N supply to the N-limited boreal forests,tundras and the Arctic Ocean,and its importance maybe amplified in a future warming climate.

关键词： organic nitrogen aerosol secondary organic nitrogen biomass burning

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Biochars derived from carp residues:characteristics and copper immobilization performance in water environments

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Frontiers of environmental Science & Engineering 2023年第6期17卷 99-112页

作者： Hongtao Qiao Yongsheng Qiao Cuizhu Sun Xiaohan Ma Jing Shang Xiaoyun Li Fengmin Li Hao Zheng Institute of Applied Chemistry&Department of Chemistry Xinzhou Teachers UniversityXinzhou 034000China Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and EcologyCollege of Environmental Science and EngineeringFrontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth SystemOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Department of Environmental Science School of Geography and TourismShaanxi Normal UniversityXi'an 710119China Sanya Oceanographic Institution Ocean University of ChinaSanya 572000China

Heavy metal pollution has attracted worldwide attention because of its adverse impact on the aquatic environment and human *** production of biochar from biowaste has become a promising strategy for managing animal carcasses and remediating heavy metal pollution in the aquatic ***,the sorption and remediation performance of carp residue-derived biochar(CRB)in Cu-polluted water is poorly ***,batches of CRB were prepared from carp residues at 450–650℃(CRB450–650)to investigate their physicochemical characteristics and performance in the sorption and remediation of Cu-polluted *** with a relatively low-temperature CRB(e.g.,CRB450),the high-temperature biochar(CRB650)possessed a large surface area and thermodynamic ***650 contained higher oxygen-containing functional groups and P-associated minerals,such as *** the pyrolytic temperature increased from 450 to 650℃,the maximum sorption capacity of the CRBs increased from 26.5 to 62.5 mg/*** adsorption process was a type of monolayer adsorption onto homogenous materials,and the sorption of Cu^(2+)on the CRB was mainly based on chemical *** most effective potential adsorption mechanisms were in order of electrostatic attraction and cation-πinteraction>surface complexation and precipitation>pore-filling and cation ***,the CRBs efficiently immobilized Cu^(2+)and reduced its bioavailability in *** results provide a promising strategy to remediate heavy metal-polluted water using designer biochars derived from biowastes,particularly animal carcasses.

关键词： Biowaste Pyrolytic temperature Immobilization Bioavailability Remediation

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Aqueous-phase formation of N-containing secondary organic compounds affected by the ionic strength

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 88-101页

作者： Yuqi Gan Xiaohui Lu Shaodong Chen Xinghua Jiang Shanye Yang Xiewen Ma Mei Li Fan Yang Yewen Shi Xiaofei Wang Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention Department of Environmental Science and EngineeringFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai 200092China Guangdong Provincial Observation and Research Station for Coastal Atmosphere and Climate of the Great Bay Area Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Institute of Mass Spectrometry and Atmospheric Environment Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for On-line Source Apportionment System of Air PollutionJinan UniversityGuangzhouChina Environmental Monitoring Station of Pudong New District Shanghai 201200China Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control&Prevention Shanghai 200336China

The reaction of carbonyl-to-imine/hemiaminal conversion in the atmospheric aqueous phase is a critical pathway to produce the light-absorbing N-containing secondary organic compounds(SOC).The formation mechanism of these compounds has been wildly investigated in bulk solutions with a low ionic ***,the ionic strength in the aqueous phase of the polluted atmosphere may be *** is still unclear whether and to what extent the inorganic ions can affect the SOC *** we prepared the bulk solution with certain ionic strength,in which glyoxal and ammonium were mixed to mimic the aqueous-phase *** characterization by High-resolution Mass Spectrometry was performed to identify the N-containing products,and the light absorption of the mixtures was measured by ultraviolet-visible ***-nine N-containing compounds were identified and divided into four categories(N-heterocyclic chromophores,high-molecular-weight compounds with N-heterocycle,aliphatic imines/hemiaminals,and the unclassified).It was observed that the longer reaction time and higher ionic strength led to the formation of more N-heterocyclic chromophores and the increasing of the lightabsorbance of the *** added inorganic ions were proposed to make the aqueous phase somewhat viscous so that the molecules were prone to undergo consecutive and intramolecular reactions to form the *** general,this study revealed that the enhanced ionic strength and prolonged reaction time had the promotion effect on the lightabsorbing SOC *** implies that the aldehyde-derived aqueous-phase SOC would contribute more light-absorbing particulate matter in the industrial or populated area where inorganic ions are abundant.

关键词： Ionic strength Carbonyl-to-imine/hemiaminal Heterocyclic Brown carbon Mass spectrometry Aqueous-phase reaction

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Biochar application in remediating salt-affected soil to achieve carbon neutrality and abate climate change

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Biochar 2023年第1期5卷 778-802页

作者： Qiang Liu Kudakwashe Meki Hao Zheng Yanfei Yuan Mengying Shao Xianxiang Luo Xiaoyun Li Zhixiang Jiang Fengmin Li Baoshan Xing Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control College of Environmental Science and EngineeringSanya Oceanographic InstitutionMinistry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and EcologyFrontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth SystemOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Marine Ecology and Environmental Science Laboratory Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao 266071China Department of Environmental Science School of Geography and TourismShaanxi Normal UniversityXi’an 710119China College of Environmental Science and Engineering Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266071China Stockbridge School of Agriculture University of MassachusettsAmherstMA 01003USA

Salt-affected soils urgently need to be remediated to achieve the goals of carbon neutrality and food *** reviews are available on biochar performance in remediating salt-affected soils in the context of carbon neutrality and climate change *** work summarized the two pathways to achieve carbon neutrality during remediating salt-affected soils using biochars,i.e.,biochar production from sustainable feedstock using thermal technologies,application for promoting plant productivity and mitigating greenhouse gas(GHG)*** biomass wastes into biochars can reduce GHG emission and promote carbon dioxide removal(CDR),and collection of halophyte biomass as biochar feedstocks,development of biochar poly-generation production systems with carbon neutrality or negativity could be promising *** can effectively improve plant growth in salt-affected soils,showing that the grand mean of plant productivity response was 29.3%,via improving physicochemical characteristics,shifting microbial communities,and enhancing plant ***,biochar can mitigate GHG emission via inducing negative priming effect,improving soil properties,changing microbial communities associated with carbon and nitrogen cycle,direct adsorption of ***,biochar also may pose negative effects on plant growth because of stress of toxic compounds and free radicals,and deterioration of soil *** promoted GHG emission is mainly ascribed to positive priming effect,and provision of labile carbon and inorganic nitrogen fractions as microbial ***,this review pointed out the gaps in the current studies and the future ***,the development of“carbon neutral”or“carbon negative”biochar production system,balancing the relationship of biochar effectiveness and functionality with its environmental risks and costs,and designing biochar-based GHG adsorbents would be important directions for remediating salt-affecte

关键词： Carbon neutrality Salinization Greenhouse gas emission Soil remediation Carbon sequestration

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Pb(II)adsorption by biochar from co-pyrolysis of corn stalks and alkali-fused fly ash

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Biochar 2022年第1期4卷 89-104页

作者： Xiaotong Yun Yan Ma Hao Zheng Yaru Zhang Biying Cui Baoshan Xing School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering China University of Mining and TechnologyBeijing 100083China Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and EcologyMinistry of EducationFrontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth SystemOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Stockbridge School of Agriculture University of MassachusettsAmherstMA 01003USA

Numerous studies have reported the potential of silica as a biochar(BC)***,despite its high silica content,fly ash is rarely used for BC ***,modified BCs were produced by co-pyrolysis of corn stalks with alkali-fused fly ash(AFFA)at 200 and 600℃(denoted as AFFA/BC).The Pb(Ⅱ)adsorption mechanism and adsorption performance were *** AFFA/BC had larger specific surface areas than the pure BC samples(2.54-137 vs.0.50 m2 g^(−1))owing to their stable carbon *** Pb(Ⅱ)adsorption capacity of AFFA/BC in water was approximately 6%higher than that of BC owing to the increased cation(Na+)exchange and new bonding sites,such as C-O and ***/BC exhibited good Pb(Ⅱ)adsorption performance in high-concentration simulated wastewater(pH 4-6),with a maximum adsorption capacity of 110.29 mg g^(−1).The Pb(Ⅱ)adsorption mechanism was in accordance with the pseudo-second-order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm *** 25℃and pH 5,the theoretical Pb(Ⅱ)adsorption capacities of AFFA200/BC and AFFA600/BC were 201.66 and 186.81 mg g^(−1),respectively,compared to 145.98 mg g^(−1)of *** adsorption,precipitation,cation exchange,and complexation were identified as the main Pb(Ⅱ)adsorption mechanisms through X-ray photoelectron spectrometry.

关键词： Biochar Co-pyrolysis Alkali-fused fly ash Lead ion adsorption

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Low Methane Emissions from the Natural Gas Distribution system Indicated by Mobile measurements in a Chinese Megacity Hangzhou

ACS ES&T Air

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ACS ES&T Air 2024年第12期1卷 1511-1518页

作者： Shuang Zhao Yuzhong Zhang Ruosi Liang Wei Chen Xinchun Xie Rui Wang Zheng Xia Jiandong Shen Yilong Wang Huilin Chen Key Laboratory of Coastal Environment and Resources of Zhejiang Province School of Engineering Westlake University Hangzhou 310024 China Institute of Advanced Technology Westlake Institute for Advanced Study Hangzhou 310024 China College of Environmental and Resource Sciences Zhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang 310058 China Zhejiang Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center Hangzhou 310012 China Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Forewarning and Quality Control Hangzhou 310012 China Hangzhou Ecological Environment Monitoring Center of Zhejiang Province Hangzhou 310020 China State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System Resources and Environment (TPESRE) Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China Joint International Research Laboratory of Atmospheric and Earth System Sciences School of Atmospheric Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China

The consumption of natural gas (NG) in China has quadrupled over the past decade. However, there is an absence of measurement-based assessment of methane emissions from NG consumption, including those from the urban distribution network. Here, we conducted a mobile survey with concurrent measurements of ambient methane concentrations, carbon dioxide concentrations, and13CH4isotopic signatures in the center and suburban areas of Hangzhou, a megacity in East China, from November 2021 to June 2022. We detected 176 leak indications in the 1408 km road covered with 32% attributed to NG leaks based on the source isotopic signature and the methane-to-carbon dioxide ratio derived from the Keeling plot and measured concentrations. We quantified the flux using Weller’s empirical equation, which yielded an emission factor of 115 L·d–1·km–1in Hangzhou. The value ranges from 16 to 314 L·d–1·km–1by accounting for various uncertainty sources. This emission factor falls on the lower end compared to previous studies conducted in North American and European cities. Our findings confirm the effectiveness of mobile surveys in detecting methane emission sources in urban China.

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In-Situ Facile Synthesis of Heterostructural Co||Mnco2o4.5/Nc with Active Oxygen Vacancies and its Bifunctional Electrocatalysis for Oxygen Reduction and Oxygen Evolution Reaction

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Cai, Jiannan Zhang, Xiaofeng Ye, Yanzhu Shi, Yuande Lin, Shen College of Chemistry & Materials Science Fujian Normal University Fuzhou350007 China Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering Fuzhou350007 China Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Fujian Normal University Fuzhou350007 China Key Laboratory of Measurement and Control System for Coastal Environment Fujian Polytechnic Normal University Fuzhou350300 China

A potential non-noble metal oxide catalyst with its low-cost and efficient catalytic ability attract increasing attention. In this paper, a highly efficient bifunctional electrocatalyst Co-MnCo2O4.5/NC with heterostructure and oxygen vacancies is prepared utilizing solid reaction in-situ . The optimal catalyst is obtained at 650 ℃ with the mass ratio (1:8) of MnCo2O4.5 and Dicyandiamide (DCD). It shows excellent electrocatalytic activity for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) with high half-wave potential (0.81 V) and limit current density (6.22 mA cm-2 ), which is better than that of the commercial 20% Pt/C(0.81 V, 5.52 mA cm-2 ). At the same time, it also has superior electrocatalytic activity for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) with low overpotential (330 mV) and a faster dynamics process. The superior electrocatalytic properties may resulted from the presence of heterostructure and increasing ratio of oxygen vacancies, which helps to the rapid transfer of electrons and creates more active sites. Moreover, the self-generated N-doped carbon provides high conductivity of the as-prepared Co-MnCo2O4.5/NC composite. It can be seen that the application of interface engineering technologies is useful for improving the performance of the catalyst, providing an effective and facile synthesis strategy for non-noble metal catalyst. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Oxygen vacancies

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