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Comprehensive comparisons between six-arm and nine-arm modular multilevel converter

CPSS Transactions on Power Electronics and Applications 2020年第2期5卷 135-146页

作者： Qin, Futian Gao, Feng Tang, Yi Wang, Jinyu Xu, Tao Key Laboratory of Power System Intelligent Dispatch and Control Ministry of Education Jinan250061 China The School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore639798 Singapore

Nine-arm modular multilevel converter (9A-MMC) is a compact modular multilevel converter (MMC) with two sets of three-phase output terminals, and it can be regarded as the integration of two conventional six-arm modular multilevel converters (6A-MMC) with double function middle arms. Compared with two 6A-MMCs, the required submodules (SMs) in 9A-MMC can be reduced, however, there will be some performance tradeoffs, and the performance tradeoffs of 9A-MMC have not yet been investigated in detail. Hence, this paper gives the comprehensive comparisons between 6A-MMC and 9A-MMC, including the required SMs number, the current stress of the semiconductor device, the maximum capacitor voltage ripple, and the power losses of the whole system. This paper can be a guide to make the best use of the advantages and avoid the disadvantages of 9A-MMC. Finally, the simulation results verify the mathematical analysis of the comparisons. © 2021 All rights reserved.

关键词： Semiconductor devices

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Bounded Tracking of Uncertain Multiagent systems with Time-Delays and Multiplicative Noises

Bounded Tracking of Uncertain Multiagent Systems with Time-D...

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Industrial Cyber-Physical systems (ICPS)

作者： Guoliu Chen Xiaofeng Zong School of Automation China University of Geosciences Wuhan China Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Control and Intelligent Automation for Complex Systems Wuhan China Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Technology for Geo-Exploration Ministry of Education Wuhan China

This paper focuses on the bounded tracking control of general linear multi-agent systems(MASs), considering the effects of inevitable communication time-delays, measurement noises, and uncertain disturbances in practical applications. Firstly, the bounded tracking control problem of uncertain MASs under multiplicative noises is transformed into the boundedness problem of stochastic differential delay equations. Then, the upper bound of agent tracking is calculated by means of linear variation, variation of constants formula and stochastic analysis theory, and sufficient conditions are given for the system to achieve the bounded tracking control.

关键词： Sufficient conditions Upper bound Uncertainty measurement uncertainty Stochastic processes Cyber-physical systems Mathematical models

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HRCP: Highly Robust Thermal Infrared and Visible Image Registration with Canny and Phase Congruence Detection

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Chen, Mengting Yi, Shi Wu, Lang Yin, Hongli Chen, Ling College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Chengdu University of Technology Chengdu610059 China College of Mathematics and Physics Chengdu University of Technology Chengdu610059 China Vehicle Measurement Control and Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Chengdu610039 China Key Laboratory of Industrial Internet of Things & Networked Control Ministry of Education Chongqing University Of Posts And Telecommunications Chongqing400065 China Geomathematics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Chengdu University of Technology Chengdu610059 China

When a dual-optical vehicle-mounted camera is photographed, visible and thermal infrared (VI-T) images cannot be registrated, and realizing fine image matching becomes the key of this paper. (VI-T) image matching is of great interest due to the existence of challenging scale transformations, nonlinear radial distortion (NRD) and robustness under illumination conditions. To address these issues, a feature registration algorithm called HRCP is proposed. Firstly, the image is preprocessed and combined with adaptive thresholding GW-Canny edge detection and phase coherence (PC) for feature point detection to increase the number of edge feature points;secondly, the edges and corners are detected by using the SURF and FAST feature detectors, which are robust to scale invariance and rotational invariance;lastly, the optimal affine parameter is solved using the least square method with many iterations compared with the existing methods;finally, the RCP-RIFT is used to achieve the optimal affine parameter. Compared with the existing methods, the study achieves a robust registration. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Multiobjective optimization

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Experimental study on adsorption of PbCl2 and CdCl2 on kaolin modified by leachates from municipal solid waste incineration power plant

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Chemosphere 2023年 340卷

作者： Liu, Changqi Huang, Yaji Wang, Xinye Zuo, Wu Meng, Junguang Bu, Changsheng Zhang, Jubing Xie, Hao Engineering Laboratory for Energy System Process Conversion & Emission Control Technology of Jiangsu Province School of Energy and Mechanical Engineering Nanjing Normal University Nanjing210023 China Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education School of Energy and Environment Southeast University Nanjing210096 China Jiangsu Environmental Engineering Technology Co. Ltd. Nanjing210019 China

Six kinds of waste liquids produced in the treatment process of leachate in a waste incineration plant were used to improve the adsorption effect of raw kaolin on heavy metal chloride. The capture performances of these modified kaolin on PbCl2 and CdCl2 vapor were investigated in a two-stage fixed bed combustor. The results indicated that the adsorption effects of raw kaolin on PbCl2 and CdCl2 were improved in some experimental groups, main effective component was Na+ in the leachate, but the influences did not change regularly with the increase in the concentration of Na + introduced into kaolin. The adsorbents formed by modifying 10 g kaolin with 21.25 ml leachate 2 were the best adsorbents for PbCl2 and CdCl2. The capture efficiencies of PbCl2 and CdCl2 can reach 95% and 63.88%, with the increase of 36% and 53%, respectively. Using leachate as modifying agent had the same effect as directly using Na+. Adsorptions of PbCl2 and CdCl2 were still mainly chemical adsorptions. After adsorption of PbCl2, the modified kaolin not only generated PbA12Si2O8, but also produced other chemical compounds. The adsorption of CdCl2 by modified kaolin did not generate CdAl2Si2O8, but other chemical reactions occurred to generate CdAl2O4 and Pb8Cd (Si2O7)3. © 2023 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Chlorine compounds

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Distributed Observer Design over Directed Switching Topologies

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Xu, Haotian Liu, Shuai Wang, Bohui Wang, Jingcheng School of Control Science and Engineering Shandong University Jinan250061 China The School of Aerospace Science and Technology Xidian University Xi’an710071 China Department of Automation Shanghai Jiao Tong University Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing Ministry of Education of China Shanghai200240 China Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Control and Management Shanghai200240 China

The distributed observer design problem holds significant importance in cases in which the output information of a system is decentralized across different subsystems. Each subsystem has a local observer and access to one part of the measurement outputs and information exchanged through communication networks. This paper focuses on the design of distributed observer with jointly connected directed switching networks. The problem presents challenges due to passive switching modes and the open-loop unboundedness that results from local observability. To overcome these challenges, we develop a network transformation mapping method whereby each local observer can classify itself into an independent subgraph based on independent judgment. Next, an observable decomposition and reorganization method is developed for the digraph case to ensure that each subgraph possesses independent dynamic properties. Asymptotic omniscience is then proven using a developed recursive proof method. This paper includes many previous results as special cases, because most are only suitable for undirected switching topologies or fast-switching cases. An adaptive coupling gain design is proposed to simplify the calculation and verification of conditions that guarantee asymptotic omniscience. Finally, simulation results with the power system show the validity of the developed theory. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Continuous time systems

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Diving into Underwater: Segment Anything Model Guided Underwater Salient Instance Segmentation and A Large-scale Dataset

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Lian, Shijie Zhang, Ziyi Li, Hua Li, Wenjie Yang, Laurence Tianruo Kwong, Sam Cong, Runmin Hainan University China The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Guangzhou China Key Laboratory of New Generation Artificial Intelligence Technology & Its Interdisciplinary Applications Southeast University Ministry of Education China Huazhong University of Science and Technology China St. Francis Xavier University Canada LIngnan University School of Data Science Hong Kong Shandong University School of Control Science and Engineering China Key Laboratory of Machine Intelligence and System Control Ministry of Education Jinan China

With the breakthrough of large models, Segment Anything Model (SAM) and its extensions have been attempted to apply in diverse tasks of computer vision. Underwater salient instance segmentation is a foundational and vital step for various underwater vision tasks, which often suffer from low segmentation accuracy due to the complex underwater circumstances and the adaptive ability of models. Moreover, the lack of large-scale datasets with pixel-level salient instance annotations has impeded the development of machine learning techniques in this field. To address these issues, we construct the first large-scale underwater salient instance segmentation dataset (USIS10K), which contains 10,632 underwater images with pixel-level annotations in 7 categories from various underwater scenes. Then, we propose an Underwater Salient Instance Segmentation architecture based on Segment Anything Model (USIS-SAM) specifically for the underwater domain. We devise an Underwater Adaptive Visual Transformer (UA-ViT) encoder to incorporate underwater domain visual prompts into the segmentation network. We further design an out-of-the-box underwater Salient Feature Prompter Generator (SFPG) to automatically generate salient prompters instead of explicitly providing foreground points or boxes as prompts in SAM. Comprehensive experimental results show that our USIS-SAM method can achieve superior performance on USIS10K datasets compared to the state-of-the-art methods. Datasets and codes are released on Github. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Large datasets

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Historical Air Pollutant Emissions and Future Sustainable Pathways of Global Cement Plants

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Yan, Xizhe Tong, Dan Cao, Zhi Chen, Cuihong Guo, Yaqin Xu, Ruochong Qin, Xinying Fu, Yujia Liu, Yang Zheng, Dongsheng He, Kebin Zhang, Qiang Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China College of Environmental Science and Engineering Nankai University Tianjin300350 China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Institute for Carbon Neutrality Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China

Assessing historical emission trajectories and forecasting future changes at the unit level for the global cement industry are vital for summarizing past experiences in green management and designing a plant-by-plant transition roadmap. Here, we evaluate the evolution of major air pollutant emissions during 1990−2020 and explore mitigation pathways for future sustainable development, based on a developed unit-level global cement emissions database. Our findings indicate that strengthening emission standards is an effective strategy for decoupling air pollutant emissions from clinker production, particularly for emerging economies. Without stringent emission controls, these economies are poised to become major contributors to pollutant emissions due to growing demand. To promote environmental sustainability, emerging economies should enhance emission controls to reverse the emission growth driven by demand expansion, while China and developed countries should deepen their emission mitigation efforts. Our results highlight the importance of upgrading end-of-pipe controls to ensure sustainability within the global cement industry. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Sustainable development

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Optimal Configuration of Energy Storage Capacity in Wind-Storage Joint Frequency Regulation

Optimal Configuration of Energy Storage Capacity in Wind-Sto...

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Power Science and Technology (ICPST), IEEE International Conference on

作者： Ling Hao Fei Xu Lei Chen Qun Chen Yong Min Yi Gu Yiming Chang Department of Electrical Engineering State Key Laboratory of Power System Operation and Control Tsinghua University Beijing China Department of Engineering Mechanics Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education Tsinghua University Beijing China State Grid Liaoning Electric Power Co. Ltd. Liaoning China

We propose combining energy storage control with pitch control of wind turbines to give wind farms a primary frequency regulation capability similar to thermal power units. Using chance-constrained programming to handle the relationship between reliability and operating cost, and considering the full life-cycle cost of energy storage, we establish a chance-constrained programming model with the objective of minimizing the wind-storage joint frequency regulation operating cost. This achieves a trade-off between operating cost and reliability of the wind-storage frequency regulation system. We use the ant-lion algorithm to solve the model and obtain the optimal configuration of energy storage power and capacity for the wind farm, and compare the optimization results of the ant-lion algorithm with those of the particle swarm algorithm and the genetic algorithm. A case study is presented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed model and algorithm.

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Interactive Multi-scale Fusion of 2D and 3D Features for Multi-object Tracking

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Wang, Guangming Peng, Chensheng Zhang, Jinpeng Wang, Hesheng Department of Automation Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing of Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Intelligent Equipment and System of Ministry of Education Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Control and Management Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China XLAB The Second Academy of China Aerospace Science And Industry Corporation Beijing100854 China

Multiple object tracking (MOT) is a significant task in achieving autonomous driving. Traditional works attempt to complete this task, either based on point clouds (PC) collected by LiDAR, or based on images captured from cameras. However, relying on one single sensor is not robust enough, because it might fail during the tracking process. On the other hand, feature fusion from multiple modalities contributes to the improvement of accuracy. As a result, new techniques based on different sensors integrating features from multiple modalities are being developed. Texture information from RGB cameras and 3D structure information from Lidar have respective advantages under different circumstances. However, it’s not easy to achieve effective feature fusion because of completely distinct information modalities. Previous fusion methods usually fuse the top-level features after the backbones extract the features from different modalities. In this paper, we first introduce PointNet++ to obtain multi-scale deep representations of point cloud to make it adaptive to our proposed Interactive Feature Fusion between multi-scale features of images and point clouds. Specifically, through multi-scale interactive query and fusion between pixel-level and point-level features, our method, can obtain more distinguishing features to improve the performance of multiple object tracking. Besides, we explore the effectiveness of pre-training on each single modality and fine-tuning on the fusion-based model. The experimental results demonstrate that our method can achieve good performance on the KITTI benchmark and outperform other approaches without using multi-scale feature fusion. Moreover, the ablation studies indicates the effectiveness of multi-scale feature fusion and pre-training on single modality. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Computer vision

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Synergistic Optimization of Power & Capacity Configuration Considering control Strategy for Flywheel Energy Storage Participating in Primary Frequency Regulation

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Liang, Lu Hong, Feng Ji, Weiming Jiang, Hui Hao, Junhong Fang, Fang Liu, Jizhen The State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electric Power System with Renewable Energy Sources North China Electric Power University Beijing102206 China School of Control and Computer Engineering North China Electric Power University Beijing102206 China Key Laboratory of Power Station Energy Transfer Conversion and System of Ministry of Education School of Energy Power and Mechanical Engineering North China Electric Power University Beijing102206 China

The intermittent and stochastic nature of renewable energy sources poses stern challenges to the frequency stability of new power system. The flywheel energy storage system (FESS), with its rapid response and high power density, plays a pivotal role in mitigating frequency fluctuations. To improve the performance of the FESS assisting thermal power unit (TPU), a collaborative optimization methodology of the capacity configuration and control strategy for FESS is presented in this paper. Aiming to enhance the primary frequency control (PFC) performance and reduce the life-cycle cost of the FESS, this paper established a capacity configuration model based on a dynamic adaptive control strategy, in which FESS compensates for the lack of TPU frequency regulation capability and recovery SOC actively. A case study demonstrated that the optimization model proposed is suitable for different frequency scenarios. It has been verified that the control strategy which is based on the SOC of FESS and frequency regulation capability of the TPU is economically more attractive compared to traditional strategies. In addition, this study revealed that a FESS with a charge/discharge rate of 7.5 C and rated power of 7.6 MW was appropriate for assisting a 600MW TPU in PFC by the optimal capacity configuration and control strategy. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Wheels

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