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31st International Conference on Computational Linguistics, COLING 2025

作者： Chen, Guoqing Zhang, Fu Lin, Jinghao Lu, Chenglong Cheng, Jingwei School of Computer Science and Engineering Northeastern University China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing in Medical Image of Ministry of Education Northeastern University China

ISBN: (纸本)9798891761964

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) demonstrate strong capabilities in multimodal understanding, reasoning, and interaction but still face the fundamental limitation of hallucinations, where they generate erroneous or fabricated information. To mitigate hallucinations, existing methods annotate pair-responses (one non-hallucination vs one hallucination) using manual methods or GPT-4V, and train alignment algorithms to improve the correspondence between images and text. More critically, an image description often involve multiple dimensions (e.g., object attributes, posture, and spatial relationships), making it challenging for the model to comprehensively learn multidimensional information from pair-responses. To this end, in this paper, we propose RRHF-V, which is the first using rank-responses (one non-hallucination vs multiple ranking hallucinations) to mitigate multimodal hallucinations. Instead of using pair-responses to train the model, RRHF-V expands the number of hallucinatory responses, so that the responses with different scores in a rank-response enable the model to learn rich semantic information across various dimensions of the image. Further, we propose a scene graph-based approach to automatically construct rank-responses in a cost-effective and automatic manner. We also design a novel training objective based on rank loss and margin loss to balance the differences between hallucinatory responses within a rank-response, thereby improving the model's image comprehension. Experiments on two MLLMs of different sizes and four widely used benchmarks demonstrate that RRHF-V is effective in mitigating hallucinations and outperforms the DPO method based on pair-responses. © 2025 Association for Computational Linguistics.

关键词： Semantics

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CE-DA: Custom Embedding and Dynamic Aggregation for Zero-Shot Relation Extraction 31

CE-DA: Custom Embedding and Dynamic Aggregation for Zero-Sho...

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31st International Conference on Computational Linguistics, COLING 2025

作者： Zhang, Fu Liu, He Li, Zehan Cheng, Jingwei School of Computer Science and Engineering Northeastern University China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing in Medical Image of Ministry of Education Northeastern University China

ISBN: (纸本)9798891761964

Zero-shot Relation Extraction (ZSRE) aims to predict novel relations from sentences with given entity pairs, where the relations have not been encountered during training. Prototype-based methods, which achieve ZSRE by aligning the sentence representation and the relation prototype representation, have shown great potential. However, most existing works focus solely on improving the quality of prototype representations, neglecting sentence representations, and lacking interaction between different types of relation side information. In this paper, we propose a novel ZSRE framework named CE-DA, which includes two modules: Custom Embedding and Dynamic Aggregation. We employ a two-stage approach to obtain customized embeddings of sentences. In the first stage, we train a sentence encoder through unsupervised contrastive learning, and in the second stage, we highlight the potential relations between entities in sentences using carefully designed entity emphasis prompts to further enhance sentence representations. Additionally, our dynamic aggregation method assigns different weights to different types of relation side information through a learnable network to enhance the quality of relation prototype representations. In contrast to traditional methods that treat the importance of all side information equally, our dynamic aggregation method further strengthens the interaction between different types of relation side information. Our method demonstrates competitive performance across various metrics on two ZSRE datasets. © 2025 Association for Computational Linguistics.

关键词： Embeddings

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SGMEA: Structure-Guided Multimodal Entity Alignment 31

SGMEA: Structure-Guided Multimodal Entity Alignment

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31st International Conference on Computational Linguistics, COLING 2025

作者： Cheng, Jingwei Guo, Mingxiao Zhang, Fu School of Computer Science and Engineering Northeastern University China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing in Medical Image of Ministry of Education Northeastern University China

ISBN: (纸本)9798891761964

Multimodal Entity Alignment (MMEA) aims to identify equivalent entities across different multimodal knowledge graphs (MMKGs) by integrating structural information, entity attributes, and visual data, thereby promoting knowledge sharing and deep multimodal data integration. However, existing methods often overlook the deeper connections between multimodal data. They primarily focus on the interactions between neighboring entities in the structural modality while neglecting the interactions between entities in the visual and attribute modalities. To address this, we propose a structure-guided multimodal entity alignment method (SGMEA), which prioritizes structural information from knowledge graphs to enhance the visual and attribute modalities. By fusing multimodal representations, SGMEA improves the accuracy of entity alignment. Experimental results demonstrate that SGMEA achieves state-of-the-art performance across multiple datasets, validating its effectiveness and superiority in practical applications. © 2025 Association for Computational Linguistics.

关键词： Knowledge graph

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Re-Cent: A Relation-Centric Framework for Joint Zero-Shot Relation Triplet Extraction 31

Re-Cent: A Relation-Centric Framework for Joint Zero-Shot Re...

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31st International Conference on Computational Linguistics, COLING 2025

作者： Li, Zehan Zhang, Fu Lyu, Kailun Cheng, Jingwei Peng, Tianyue School of Computer Science and Engineering Northeastern University China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing in Medical Image of Ministry of Education Northeastern University China

ISBN: (纸本)9798891761964

Zero-shot Relation Triplet Extraction (ZSRTE) aims to extract triplets from the context where the relation patterns are unseen during training. Due to the inherent challenges of the ZSRTE task, existing extractive ZSRTE methods often decompose it into named entity recognition and relation classification, which overlooks the interdependence of two tasks and may introduce error propagation. Motivated by the intuition that crucial entity attributes might be implicit in the relation labels, we propose a Relation-Centric joint ZSRTE method named Re-Cent. This approach uses minimal information, specifically unseen relation labels, to extract triplets in one go through a unified model. We develop two span-based extractors to identify the subjects and objects corresponding to relation labels, forming span-pairs. Additionally, we introduce a relation-based correction mechanism that further refines the triplets by calculating the relevance between span-pairs and relation labels. Experiments demonstrate that Re-Cent achieves state-of-the-art performance with fewer parameters and does not rely on synthetic data or manual labor. © 2025 Association for Computational Linguistics.

关键词： Computational linguistics

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DAEA: Enhancing Entity Alignment in Real-World Knowledge Graphs Through Multi-Source Domain Adaptation 31

DAEA: Enhancing Entity Alignment in Real-World Knowledge Gra...

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31st International Conference on Computational Linguistics, COLING 2025

作者： Yang, Linyan Zhou, Shiqiao Cheng, Jingwei Zhang, Fu Wan, Jizheng Wang, Shou Lee, Mark School of Computer Science and Engineering Northeastern University China School of Computer Science University of Birmingham United Kingdom Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing in Medical Image of Ministry of Education Northeastern University China

ISBN: (纸本)9798891761964

Entity Alignment (EA) is a critical task in Knowledge Graph (KG) integration, aimed at identifying and matching equivalent entities that represent the same real-world objects. While EA methods based on knowledge representation learning have shown strong performance on synthetic benchmark datasets such as DBP15K, their effectiveness significantly decline in real-world scenarios which often involve data that is highly heterogeneous, incomplete, and domain-specific, as seen in datasets like DOREMUS and AGROLD. Addressing this challenge, we propose DAEA, a novel EA approach with Domain Adaptation that leverages the data characteristics of synthetic benchmarks for improved performance in real-world datasets. DAEA introduces a multi-source KGs selection mechanism and a specialized domain adaptive entity alignment loss function to bridge the gap between real-world data and optimal benchmark data, mitigating the challenges posed by aligning entities across highly heterogeneous KGs. Experimental results demonstrate that DAEA outperforms state-of-the-art models on real-world datasets, achieving a 29.94% improvement in Hits@1 on DOREMUS and a 5.64% improvement on AGROLD. Code is available at https://***/yangxiaoxiaoly/DAEA. © 2025 Association for Computational Linguistics.

关键词： Knowledge graph

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Online Queue-Aware Service Migration and Resource Allocation in Mobile Edge computing

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IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 2025年

作者： Du, An Jia, Jie Chen, Jian Wang, Xingwei Huang, Ming Northeastern University School of Computer Science and Engineering Engineering Research Center of Security Technology of Complex Network System Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing in Medical Image Ministry of Education Shenyang110819 China Northeastern University School of Computer Science and Engineering Shenyang110819 China

Mobile edge computing (MEC) integrated with Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) helps run a wide range of services implemented by Virtual Network Functions (VNFs) deployed at MEC networks. This emerging paradigm offers flexible edge resource management for Internet Service Providers (ISPs) and improves service satisfaction of diverse applications. However, a critical challenge lies in processing extremely unpredictable and bursty traffic flow, especially in event-trigger sensing tasks. In this paper, we study queue-aware service migration and resource allocation in an MEC network, where different devices with different arrival patterns request different network services. To this end, we first formulate a novel long-term operation cost minimization problem subject to the stability of multiple queues by adopting a simultaneous migration scheme and determining resource allocation dynamically. To address the problem efficiently, we propose an online control framework to make decisions without any prior system information. We first adopt the Lyapunov optimization technique to decompose the long-term optimization problem into multi-per-slot subproblems. Then, we adopt a decoupled optimization algorithm based on the coordinate descent method and augmented Lagrangian method to solve the offline mixed integer non-linear programming (MINLP) subproblems. Extensive results reveal that the proposed online optimization framework can efficiently balance queue stability and cost consumption. © 1967-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Mobile edge computing

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Uncertainty Quantification and Quality Control for Heatmap-based Landmark Detection Models

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IEEE Transactions on medical Imaging 2025年

作者： Feng, Yong Yang, Jinzhu Tang, Lingzhi Sun, Song Wang, Yonghuai Northeastern University Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing in Medical Image Ministry of Education Shenyang China Northeastern University School of Computer Science and Engineering Shenyang China National Frontiers Science Center for Industrial Intelligence and Systems Optimization Shenyang China The First Hospital of China Medical University Department of Cardiovascular Ultrasound Shenyang China

Uncertainty quantification is a vital aspect of explainable artificial intelligence that fosters clinician trust in medical applications and facilitates timely interventions, leading to safer and more reliable outcomes. Although deep learning models have reached clinically acceptable accuracy in anatomical landmark detection, their predictions remain susceptible to contextual noise due to the small size of the target structures, making uncertainty quantification more challenging than in classification and segmentation tasks. This paper presents an end-to-end uncertainty quantification method tailored for heatmapbased anatomical landmark detection models, designed to improve both interpretability and controllability in clinical applications. Leveraging Dempster-Shafer Theory and Subjective Logic Theory, we implement probability assignment and uncertainty quantification through a single forward pass to ensure computational efficiency. We introduce an evidence map that captures the strength of landmark evidence, alongside an uncertainty map that calibrates predicted probabilities within the Subjective Logic framework. The interaction between these two components, facilitated by a cross-attention mechanism, further improves landmark detection accuracy and enhances the effectiveness of uncertainty quantification. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method maintains detection accuracy, even in noisy environments, while outperforming state-of-the-art methods in terms of uncertainty quantification and quality control. Furthermore, the model effectively identifies out-of-distribution data solely through calibrated probabilities when encountering inconsistencies in multi-center data and novel data, underscoring its potential for clinical applications. © 1982-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Model predictive control

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A semi-supervised multi-task assisted method for ultrasound medical image segmentation

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Neurocomputing 2025年 639卷

作者： Li, Honghe Yang, Jinzhu Qu, Mingjun Feng, Yong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing in Medical Image Ministry of Education Northeastern University Liaoning Shenyang110819 China School of Computer Science and Engineering Northeastern University Liaoning Shenyang110819 China National Frontiers Science Center for Industrial Intelligence and Systems Optimization Liaoning Shenyang110819 China

The accurate segmentation of the left ventricle in echocardiography is critical for assessing cardiac function, but challenges such as blurred boundaries, high morphological variability, and limited annotated data hinder the performance of traditional methods. Recent advances in semi-supervised learning show promise in leveraging unlabeled data, yet existing techniques often rely on network or data-level perturbation, which may not fully exploit spatial and positional information essential for precise segmentation. To address these challenges, we propose a novel multi-task assisted semi-supervised segmentation framework. Our method combines segmentation, landmark detection, and image reconstruction into a unified model with a shared encoder and dual decoders. A feature cross-fusion module based on a cross-attention mechanism integrates features across tasks to enhance spatial and positional awareness. We have also introduced a contrastive learning mechanism to refine the segmentation boundaries, especially in areas where the edges are blurred. In addition, we utilize multi-scale supervision to better adapt the model to targets of different scales. The framework employs an exponential moving average student–teacher model to effectively utilize unlabeled data for training. Experiments on CAMUS and EchoNet-Dynamic datasets demonstrate that the proposed method achieves state-of-the-art performance, delivering near fully-supervised results with only 10%–20% labeled data. This highlights its potential for high-quality segmentation in low-annotation scenarios, outperforming existing semi-supervised learning methods. © 2025

关键词： Contrastive Learning

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Joint Secure and Covert Communications for Active STAR-RIS Assisted ISAC Systems

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IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications 2025年

作者： Guo, Liang Jia, Jie Mu, Xidong Liu, Yuanwei Chen, Jian Wang, Xingwei Northeastern University School of Computer Science and Engineering China Northeastern University Engineering Research Center of Security Technology of Complex Network System Ministry of Education China Northeastern University Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing in Medical Image Ministry of Education Shenyang110819 China BelfastBT3 9DT United Kingdom Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering China

This paper investigates the design of jointly supporting physical layer security (PLS) and covert communications (CCs) in an active simultaneously transmitting and reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surface (a-STAR-RIS) assisted integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) system. Due to the unified waveform design of ISAC signals, we consider a challenging scenario with two targets being suspicious attackers, where one warden target potentially detects the confidential transmission behavior of covert users and another eavesdropper target attempts to intercept the broadcasted confidential information of security users. We investigate the joint beamforming design at the base station (BS) and the a-STAR-RIS to achieve a high-quality sensing beampattern while meeting covertness and security communication requirements. (1) For the ideal scenario with perfect channel state information (CSI) and precise target locations, we propose an alternative optimization (AO) method to address the optimization problem involving highly coupled variables. Specifically, the optimal beamforming design at the BS is handled using the semi-definite relaxation (SDR) technique, while the beamforming design at the a-STAR-RIS is addressed through a penalty-based iterative algorithm. (2) A more practical case with uncertain target locations and imperfect CSI is considered to achieve a robust beamforming design, where the non-deterministic outage probability constraints are effectively transformed by employing the Bernstein-type inequality. Numerical results demonstrate the superiority of the a-STAR-RIS over the baseline cases and certify that the proposed algorithms can effectively balance the tradeoff among the sensing quality, covert and secure communication requirements. Besides, results also show that the proposed robust beamforming scheme can construct adequate sensing beampattern, even with imperfect CSI and uncertain target locations. © 2002-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Beamforming

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MCHNet: An Efficient Cross Attention-Guided Hierarchical Multiscale Network for Segmentation of Organs at Risk in CT images

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IEEE Transactions on Radiation and Plasma medical Sciences 2025年第5期9卷 598-612页

作者： Guo, Huimin Gu, Yin Du, Wu Chen, Boyang Cui, Ming Zhang, Teng Sun, Deyu Qian, Wei Ma, He Northeastern University College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering Shenyang110169 China Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology Department of Radiation Oncology Gastrointestinal and Urinary and Musculoskeletal Cancer Shenyang110042 China Northeastern University College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing in Medical Image Ministry of Education Shenyang110169 China

In radiotherapy, precisely contoured organs at risk (OARs) near the target areas are essential for effective treatment planning. Manual delineation of OARs is labor-intensive and varies among experts. Deep learning has improved accuracy and consistency, but current methods use complex architectures with many parameters, risking overfitting on small medical image datasets. Addressing this, this article introduces MCHNet, a cross attention (CA)-guided hierarchical multiscale segmentation network based on CT images. MCHNet adopts a typical U-shaped structure, with MobileVit as its backbone. An efficient CA-guided block is utilized to enhance feature extraction while minimizing model parameters. Additionally, a novel skip-connection strategy is proposed to preserve critical medical image information during multiple down-sampling operations and bridge the gap between deep and shallow features. We conducted extensive experiments on three public datasets, i.e., multiatlas labeling beyond the cranial vault dataset, Segmentation of thoracic OARs dataset, and multimodality abdominal multiorgan segmentation challenge 2022 dataset. Experiment results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms other related Transformer-based or hybrid models in terms of computational complexity, quantitative and qualitative results. We believe that the proposed method can offer an optimal blend of precision and efficiency that advances the capabilities of OARs segmentation in radiotherapy. © 2017 IEEE.

关键词： image segmentation

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