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SPAC: Sampling-based Progressive Attribute Compression for Dense Point Clouds

IEEE Transactions on Image Processing 2025年 34卷 2939-2953页

作者： Mao, Xiaolong Yuan, Hui Guo, Tian Jiang, Shiqi Hamzaoui, Raouf Kwong, Sam Shandong University School of Software Jinan 250100 China Shandong University School of Control Science and Engineering 250061 China Shandong University School of Control Science and Engineering Jinan 250061 China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Machine Intelligence and System Control Jinan 250061 China De Montfort University School of Engineering and Sustainable Development Leicester LE1 9BH United Kingdom Lingnan University School of Data Science Hong Kong

We propose an end-to-end attribute compression method for dense point clouds. The proposed method combines a frequency sampling module, an adaptive scale feature extraction module with geometry assistance, and a global hyperprior entropy model. The frequency sampling module uses a Hamming window and the Fast Fourier Transform to extract high-frequency components of the point cloud. The difference between the original point cloud and the sampled point cloud is divided into multiple sub-point clouds. These sub-point clouds are then partitioned using an octree, providing a structured input for feature extraction. The feature extraction module integrates adaptive convolutional layers and uses offset-attention to capture both local and global features. Then, a geometry-assisted attribute feature refinement module is used to refine the extracted attribute features. Finally, a global hyperprior model is introduced for entropy encoding. This model propagates hyperprior parameters from the deepest (base) layer to the other layers, further enhancing the encoding efficiency. At the decoder, a mirrored network is used to progressively restore features and reconstruct the color attribute through transposed convolutional layers. The proposed method encodes base layer information at a low bitrate and progressively adds enhancement layer information to improve reconstruction accuracy. Compared to the best anchor of the latest geometry-based point cloud compression (G-PCC) standard that was proposed by the Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG), the proposed method can achieve an average Bjøntegaard delta bitrate of -24.58% for the Y component (resp. -21.23% for YUV components) on the MPEG Category Solid dataset and -22.48% for the Y component (resp. -17.19% for YUV components) on the MPEG Category Dense dataset. This is the first instance that a learning-based attribute codec outperforms the G-PCC standard on these datasets by following the common test conditions specified by MPEG. ©

关键词： attribute compression augmented reality immersive communication metaverse point cloud compression point cloud sampling scalable coding

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Enabling Generalized Zero-Shot Vulnerability Classification

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IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing 2025年

作者： Hu, Jinghao Guo, Jinsong Luo, Chen Hu, Yang Lanzinger, Matthias Li, Zhanshan Jilin University Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering Ministry of Education College of Software Changchun130012 China University College London Department of Computer Science United Kingdom Amazon United States United Kingdom University of Oxford Department of Computer Science United Kingdom Jilin University Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering Ministry of Education College of Computer Science and Technology Changchun130012 China

Regarding computer security, the growth of code vulnerability types presents a persistent challenge. These vulnerabilities, which may cause severe consequences, necessitate precise classification for effective mitigation. However, the rapid emergence of new vulnerability types complicates the classification process. Traditional methodologies, which often involve human expertise and the manual labeling or generation of example instances, are not only resource-intensive but also struggle to adapt to the dynamic nature of these vulnerabilities. This paper introduces VulnSense, an innovative method that harnesses the capabilities of Generalized Zero-Shot Learning (GZSL) to address the vulnerability classification problem. VulnSense learns about unseen vulnerability classes from the descriptions of these unseen classes, while not requiring to see any instances of these unseen classes. Specifically, VulnSense learns from three main resources: (1) seen classes with labeled code instances;(2) descriptions of these seen classes;and (3) descriptions of "unseen"classes which have no labeled instances. Our experiments underscore VulnSense's superiority over existing GZSL methods in classifying instances of unseen classes. Concurrently, it maintains a performance parity with traditional labeled-example based learning methods in classifying instances of seen vulnerabilities. VulnSense demonstrates the potential of using GZSL for vulnerability classification, while also highlighting challenges that inspire future work. © 2004-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Zero-shot learning

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T³Planner: Multi-Phase Planning Across Structure-Constrained Optical, IP, and Routing Topologies

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IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications 2025年第5期43卷 1823-1839页

作者： Yijun Hao Shusen Yang Fang Li Yifan Zhang Cong Zhao Xuebin Ren Peng Zhao Chenren Xu Shibo Wang National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data Analytics Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an China National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data Analytics and the Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Intelligent Networks and Network Security Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an China School of Computer Science Peking University Beijing China Department of Computer Science and Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data Analytics XiÃan Jiaotong University XiÃan China

Network topology planning is an essential multi-phase process to build and jointly optimize the multi-layer network topologies in wide-area networks (WANs). Most existing practices target single-phase/layer planning, and are incapable of satisfying all rigorous topological structure constraints (e.g., dual-homing rings) defined by network standards and operators, especially in large-scale networks. These significantly limit their usability and performance in production networks. We consider a general topology planning problem with typical structure constraints over three essential phases (greenfield, reconfiguration, and site expansion) and topological layers (optical, IP, and routing topologies). We present, T3Planner, a novel practical solver to this problem in production. Specifically, we develop a structure-driven encoder based on graph neural network (GNN) for concise structure encoding, and design a new learning framework with optical-centric layer compression/reconstruction and rule-aided reinforcement learning (RL) for fast convergence and high performance. Extensive experiments on nine real topologies demonstrate that T3Planner scales to large optical networks with hundreds of sites, saves 46.6% cost, and supports $3.12\times $ more demand when compared to related existing approaches.

关键词： Topology Network topology Planning IP networks Optical fiber networks Routing Optical fibers Optical feedback Production Graph neural networks

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Exploring Source-Free X-Ray-Prohibited Item Detection With an Assistant–Teacher Network

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IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement 2025年 74卷

作者： Jia, Wanying Jia, Tong Ma, Bowen Huang, Cunhe Tian, Yixin Wang, Hao Chen, Dongyue Northeastern University College of Information Science and Engineering Shenyang110819 China Northeastern University College of Information Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Data Analysis and Optimization for Smart Industry Ministry of Education Shenyang110819 China

Security scanners are important for maintaining long-term social stability and safety. However, different security scanners exist in endogenous domain shifts. Traditional unsupervised methods require access to the source domain for adaptation during training. However, in practical deployment, data privacy restricts access to data between different security scanners. To explore this issue, an assistant-teacher network (ATN) is proposed to address the endogenous domain shift of X-ray-prohibited item detection in the case of source-free domain adaption. In particular, to suppress the problem of false positives and loss of important information in the source-free domain adaption, we propose a common cognitive mechanism (CCM). To further prevent the model from optimizing in the wrong direction under false-positive labels, an external ATN loop is designed. In addition, an image de-stylization mechanism (IDM) is proposed to alleviate the endogenous domain shift, allowing the network to learn the essential features of the X-ray image. By utilizing internal and external loops, the ATN can adaptively apply to multiple security scanners in a source-free domain adaptation (SFDA). The comprehensive experimental results on X-ray images and natural images indicate that our method is effective. Especially in X-ray-prohibited item detection, our method has achieved state-of-the-art results compared to recent methods. © 1963-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Self-supervised learning

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An Encoder-Based Framework for Privacy-Preserving Machine Learning 24th

An Encoder-Based Framework for Privacy-Preserving Machine L...

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24th International Conference on Algorithms and Architectures for Parallel Processing, ICA3PP 2024

作者： Wu, Jiayun Ren, Wei Zhang, Xianchao Zheng, Xianghan School of Computer Science China University of Geosciences Wuhan430074 China State Key Laboratory of Geo-Information Engineering and Key Laboratory of Surveying and Mapping Science and Geospatial Information Technology of MNR CASM Beijing China Ministry of Education Chengdu China Key Laboratory of Medical Electronics and Digital Health of Zhejiang Province Jiaxing University Jiaxing China Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Human Health Situation Awareness of Zhejiang Province Jiaxing University Jiaxing China College of Computer and Big Data Fuzhou University Fujian Fuzhou China School of Information and Intelligent Engineering Sanya College Hainan China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819615506

As a data-driven science, machine learning requires vast amounts of training data and computational resources. However, for highly privacy-sensitive data, it is crucial to protect the privacy of the data during both the training and utilization of machine learning models. In this paper, we propose a privacy-preserving machine learning approach using autoencoders and differential privacy mechanisms to safeguard data privacy while minimizing the impact on data availability. Specifically, we augment logistic regression and ResNet18 models with different architectures of autoencoders to perform data encryption? without compromising the machine learning tasks. Additionally, we employ differential privacy mechanisms to introduce gradient perturbations in the encoding part of the autoencoder, enhancing the algorithm’s security and further protecting data privacy. We also design the cosine similarity between the encoded and original data as a metric for evaluating data privacy, considering model performance, privacy budget, and data privacy collectively to balance data availability and privacy. Extensive experiments conducted on MNIST, CIFAR-10, PathMNIST, and BloodMNIST datasets demonstrate that for simple logistic regression models handling easily classifiable datasets, employing simple autoencoder structures can enhance classification accuracy, with significant performance impact after adding differential privacy. For ResNet18, utilizing convolutional autoencoders for data encryption generally has minimal impact on model classification performance and can even improve accuracy in most cases. Adding differential privacy has minor effects on model classification performance. Selecting appropriate model structures and privacy budgets for different usage scenarios can ensure both data availability and privacy. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Adversarial machine learning

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Enhancing Unsupervised Graph Few-shot Learning via Set Functions and Optimal Transport 25

Enhancing Unsupervised Graph Few-shot Learning via Set Funct...

引用

Proceedings of the 31st ACM SIGKDD Conference on knowledge Discovery and data Mining V.1

作者： Yonghao Liu Fausto Giunchiglia Ximing Li Lan Huang Xiaoyue Feng Renchu Guan Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering of the Ministry of Education College of Computer Science and Technology Jilin University Changchun China Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science University of Trento Trento Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9798400712456

Graph few-shot learning has garnered significant attention for its ability to rapidly adapt to downstream tasks with limited labeled data, sparking considerable interest among researchers. Recent advancements in graph few-shot learning models have exhibited superior performance across diverse applications. Despite their successes, several limitations still exist. First, existing models in the meta-training phase predominantly focus on instance-level features within tasks, neglecting crucial set-level features essential for distinguishing between different categories. Second, these models often utilize query sets directly on classifiers trained with support sets containing only a few labeled examples, overlooking potential distribution shifts between these sets and leading to suboptimal performance. Finally, previous models typically require necessitate abundant labeled data from base classes to extract transferable knowledge, which is typically infeasible in real-world scenarios. To address these issues, we propose a novel model named STAR, which leverages Set funcTions and optimAl tRansport for enhancing unsupervised graph few-shot learning. Specifically, STAR utilizes expressive set functions to obtain set-level features in an unsupervised manner and employs optimal transport principles to align the distributions of support and query sets, thereby mitigating distribution shift effects. Theoretical analysis demonstrates that STAR can capture more task-relevant information and enhance generalization capabilities. Empirically, extensive experiments across multiple datasets validate the effectiveness of STAR. Our code can be found https://***/KEAML-JLU/STAR here.

关键词： few-shot learning

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MSPL: Multi-modal Statistical Prompt Learning for New Energy Equipment Defect Recognition

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年第11期12卷 16438-16450页

作者： Wang, Zhenwei Wang, Pengfei Han, Guangjie Zhou, Chengjie Lin, Qing Zhang, Jianxin Fan, Guangjie Zhang, Qiang Dalian University of Technology School of Computer Science and Technology Dalian116024 China Dalian116024 China Shenyang Huayan Electric Technology Co Ltd Shenyang110180 China Hohai University Key Laboratory of Maritime Intelligent Network Information Technology Ministry of Education China Deputy Director of the Yantai Big Data Center and Senior Engineer Yantai264003 China Dalian Minzu University School of Computer Science and Engineering Dalian116600 China

Monitoring renewable energy devices is crucial for the timely detection of faults and the improvement of system stability, making it a key component of the Internet of Things (IoT) ecosystem. However, existing intelligent algorithms and IoT methods rely on edge devices with limited computational capacity, which requires balancing real-time performance and accuracy. Additionally, most methods require initial training on large-scale data using cloud platforms or high-performance servers, leading to high initial costs. To address these challenges, we propose Multi-modal Statistical Prompt Learning (MSPL) for new energy equipment defect recognition on IoT edge devices. This method enables rapid learning with only a few samples, avoiding the need for large-scale centralized training. Specifically, MSPL uses the pre-trained Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training model as its backbone, leveraging text-based conceptual information to enhance the understanding of visual inputs. A Statistical Query (SQ) module is implemented at the end of the backbone to extract distinctive features from the outputs, integrating these features with soft prompts to customize them for the defect recognition task. Since the learnable parameters are limited to soft prompts added at the end of the backbone, MSPL restricts gradient backpropagation to this point. This improves parameter and memory efficiency, making it more suitable for scenarios with limited computational capacity on IoT edge devices. Experimental results of MSPL on two renewable energy equipment defect datasets and edge devices indicate that it meets real-time processing requirements while maintaining high accuracy, outperforming other methods. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Zero-shot learning

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Enhancing Unsupervised Graph Few-shot Learning via Set Functions and Optimal Transport

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Liu, Yonghao Giunchiglia, Fausto Li, Ximing Huang, Lan Feng, Xiaoyue Guan, Renchu College of Computer Science and Technology Jilin University Changchun China Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science University of Trento Trento Italy Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering The Ministry of Education China

关键词： Zero-shot learning

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Medical image classification based on contour processing attention mechanism

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Computers in Biology and Medicine 2025年 191卷 110102-110102页

作者： Jia, Yongnan Dong, Linjie Jiao, Yuhang School of Automation and Electrical Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing100083 China Key Laboratory of Knowledge Automation for Industrial Processes of Ministry of Education University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing100083 China

Medical diagnosis, often constrained by a doctor's experience and capabilities, remains a critical challenge. In recent years, intelligent algorithms have emerged as promising tools to assist in improving diagnostic accuracy. Among these, medical image classification plays a pivotal role in enhancing diagnostic precision. This paper proposes a flexible and concise medical image classification method based on a contour processing attention mechanism, designed to improve accuracy by emphasizing target regions during image processing. First, the training images undergo sequential grayscale and binarization processes, after which binary images are subjected to opening and closing operations to generate two distinct contour maps. These contour maps are then concatenated with the grayscale image along the channel dimension to produce a feature map, which is subsequently convolved. Next, pixel-wise multiplication is performed between the resulting image containing contour information and the original training image, thereby enhancing the contour and positional information of the target regions. The enhanced image is then fed into a residual network for classification training, forming a model based on the contour processing attention mechanism. Finally, classification experiments using three different types of medical image datasets were conducted. The experimental results demonstrate that the contour processing attention mechanism significantly improves the performance of residual networks in medical image classification, achieving the 0.0368 increase in classification accuracy, the 0.0413 improvement in the F1 score and the 0.0821 improvement in the Kappa score. Furthermore, the proposed model demonstrates versatility, with potential applications not only in medical image classification but also in other domains, such as remote sensing, urban landscape analysis, and transportation vehicle image classification. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Medical imaging

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Efficient Sharing of Energy Consumption data: A Privacy-Preserving Threshold Aggregation Approach

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年

作者： Li, Guohao Zhou, Lu Lian, Jiale Liu, Siyi Yang, Li Zhong, Yantao Li, Qiang Xidian University School of Computer Science and Technology Xi’an China Jilin University Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering Ministry of Education Changchun China Co. Ltd Guangdong Shenzhen China

Energy consumption data collected by smart meters is increasingly used by various subscribers in the smart grid for load management, energy monitoring, and policy planning. To protect user privacy, edge-assisted privacy-preserving data aggregation (PPDA) techniques are commonly employed. However, existing methods face several challenges: i) limited scalability, ii) strict trust requirements, and iii) the risk of revealing unique consumption patterns to data collectors. To address these challenges, we propose a privacy-preserving threshold aggregation method that is easily scalable and facilitates efficient energy data sharing under limited trust assumptions. Specifically, we design VFPNTRU, a quantum-resistant homomorphic proxy re-encryption scheme with fault tolerance and re-encryption verification. In VFP-NTRU, smart meters can encrypt data with a public key without the need for prior negotiation of decryption keys with multiple subscribers. Additionally, we develop a privacy threshold collection protocol that uses a verifiable oblivious pseudorandom function to provide privacy guarantees similar to k-anonymity for SM data collection. We further introduce an energy consumption model to determine optimal collection strategies, improving system responsiveness. We provide correctness analysis and prove the security of our scheme. Experimental results demonstrate that our approach outperforms existing PPDA methods, making it particularly suitable for resource-constrained smart meters and central servers managing large-scale energy data. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Differential privacy

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