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Research Square 2021年

作者： Meng, Lubin Huang, Jian Zeng, Zhigang Jiang, Xue Yu, Shan Jung, Tzyy-Ping Lin, Chin-Teng Chavarriaga, Ricardo Wu, Dongrui Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Image Processing and Intelligent Control School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China Brainnetome Center and National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China La Jolla CA United States Center for Advanced Neurological Engineering Institute of Engineering in Medicine UCSD La Jolla CA United States Centre of Artificial Intelligence Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology University of Technology Sydney Australia ZHAW DataLab Zürich University of Applied Sciences Winterthur8401 Switzerland

Research and development of electroencephalogram (EEG) based brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) have advanced rapidly, partly due to the wide adoption of sophisticated machine learning approaches for decoding the EEG signals. However, recent studies have shown that machine learning algorithms are vulnerable to adversarial attacks, e.g., the attacker can add tiny adversarial perturbations to a test sample to fool the model, or poison the training data to insert a secret backdoor. Previous research has shown that adversarial attacks are also possible for EEG-based BCIs. However, only adversarial perturbations have been considered, and the approaches are theoretically sound but very difficult to implement in practice. This article proposes to use narrow period pulse for poisoning attack of EEG-based BCIs, which is more feasible in practice and has never been considered before. One can create dangerous backdoors in the machine learning model by injecting poisoning samples into the training set. Test samples with the backdoor key will then be classified into the target class specified by the attacker. What most distinguishes our approach from previous ones is that the backdoor key does not need to be synchronized with the EEG trials, making it very easy to implement. The effectiveness and robustness of the backdoor attack approach is demonstrated, highlighting a critical security concern for EEG-based BCIs. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Electroencephalography

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A Simple Method for Adjusting Relaxivity of Contrast Agent

A Simple Method for Adjusting Relaxivity of Contrast Agent

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作者： Yapeng Zhang Wenzhong Liu School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Huazhong University of Science and Technology Key Laboratory of Image Processing and Intelligent Control (Huazhong University of Science and Technology) Ministry of Education

Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles can work as contrast agents, whose relaxivities are important properties affecting the enhancement effect of magnetic resonance imaging. In this paper, we adopt a simple method to adjust the relaxivity of the contrast agent. Two kinds of magnetic nanoparticles reagents with different sizes and different relaxivities are selected and mixed in different proportions. It is found that the relaxivities of the mixed samples are between those of the two unmixed original samples. Therefore, we can easily obtain the contrast agent with desired relaxivity by this simple weighted calculation and mixing, and the r/r ratio can also be adjusted.

关键词： Magnetic nanoparticle MRI contrast agent Relaxation mechanism Relaxivity

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Fault Diagnosis of SOFC Stack Based on Neural Network Algorithm

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Energy Procedia 2019年 158卷 1798-1803页

作者： Tao Xue Xiaolong Wu Yuanwu Xu Suwen Jing Zehua Li Jianhua Jiang Zhonghua Deng Xiaowei Fu Li Xi School of Automation Key Laboratory of Education Ministry for Image Processing and Intelligent Control Huazhong University of Science & Technology Wuhan 430074 China College of Computer Science and Technology Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing and Real-time Industrial System Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430065 China

To realize the commercialization of SOFC, it must be ensured that it can work efficiently and stably. SOFC fault diagnosis becomes an essential part of the research. Due to the strong coupling of faults in the stack, this paper uses neural network algorithm to detect and diagnose faults. The simulation results verify that through the diagnosis of the test sample, the recognition rate of the test sample by the network is found to be 95%, which explains the neural network fault diagnosis model established in this paper on identifying the normal working state of the stack, the electrode stacking of the stack, and the gas leakage fault of the stack has good effectiveness and accuracy.

关键词： SOFC fault diagnosis neural network

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Adversarial Attacks and Defenses in Physiological Computing: A Systematic Review

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Wu, Dongrui Xu, Jiaxin Fang, Weili Zhang, Yi Yang, Liuqing Xu, Xiaodong Luo, Hanbin Yu, Xiang The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Image Processing and Intelligent Control School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China Zhejiang Lab Hangzhou311121 China The School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China The College of Public Administration Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China The University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States The School of Management and Sino European Institute for Intellectual Property Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China

Physiological computing uses human physiological data as system inputs in real time. It includes, or significantly overlaps with, brain-computer interfaces, affective computing, adaptive automation, health informatics, and physiological signal based biometrics. Physiological computing increases the communication bandwidth from the user to the computer, but is also subject to various types of adversarial attacks, in which the attacker deliberately manipulates the training and/or test examples to hijack the machine learning algorithm output, leading to possible user confusion, frustration, injury, or even death. However, the vulnerability of physiological computing systems has not been paid enough attention to, and there does not exist a comprehensive review on adversarial attacks to them. This paper fills this gap, by providing a systematic review on the main research areas of physiological computing, different types of adversarial attacks and their applications to physiological computing, and the corresponding defense strategies. We hope this review will attract more research interests on the vulnerability of physiological computing systems, and more importantly, defense strategies to make them more secure. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Machine learning

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Water Supply Prediction Based on Initialized Attention Residual Network

Water Supply Prediction Based on Initialized Attention Resid...

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第三十九届中国控制会议

作者： Yuhao Long Yeming Zhang Jingcheng Wang Miaoshun Bai Dept of Automation Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityKey Laboratory of System Control and Information ProcessingMinistry of Education of China Shanghai Municipal Engineering Design Institute(Group)Co. Ltd Autonomous Systems and Intelligent Control International Joint Research Center Xi'an Technological University

Real-time and accurate water supply forecast is crucial for water supply control. However, most existing methods are likely affected by factors such as weather and holidays, which lead to a decline in the reliability of water supply *** this paper, we address a generic artificial neural network, Initialized Attention Residual Network(IARN), to tackle the time series prediction problem in water supply domain. Specifically, instead of continuing to use the recurrent neural network(RNN)in time-series tasks, we try to build a convolution neural network(CNN) to recede the disturb from other factors and get a more credible results. Experiments show that our method achieves state-of-the-art performance on several datasets in terms of accuracy,robustness and generalization ability. The source code of our method will available at https://***/SJTU-L-dd/IARN.

关键词： Neural networks Prediction methods Water supply Time-series analysis Attention module Residual network

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A hybrid model based on stacking and multi-correction mechanisms for urban water demand prediction ⁎

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2020年第2期53卷 16685-16690页

作者： Yang Lan Jingcheng Wang Miaoshun Bai Ibrahim Brahmia Haotian Xu Piao Hu Yuhao Long Yeming Zhang Dept. of Automation Shanghai Jiaotong University Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing Ministry of education of China Shanghai 200240 China. Autonomous Systems and Intelligent Control International Joint Research Center Xi’an Technological University Xi’an Shaanxi710021 China. Shanghai Municipal engineering Design Institute (Group) Co. Ltd.

Water demand prediction is the key link for the effective operation of urban intelligent water supply system. Since the non-linearity and complex variability of water consumption, it is difficult for traditional water demand prediction models to guarantee high accuracy for a long period. Different holiday types and even tiny changes in temperatures can affect urban water demand seriously. This paper proposes a Stacking-based hybrid model which integrates multi-correction mechanisms to address these problems. A better stacking model is proposed to minimize the generalization error. The stability and reliability of predictions are improved through the design of multi-correction mechanisms such as high temperature weather compensation feature, holiday-type correction model and water quantity fluctuation correction model. Comparing different models before and after stacking also before and after correcting, the prediction accuracy of the proposed hybrid model is much higher and the predictions are more stable and reliable.

关键词： Water supply system Prediction methods Hybrid models Stacking methods Multi-correction mechanisms Neural-network models Time-series analysis

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A New Method for Deriving Weights in Group Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process and Evaluation Measures

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2020年第2期53卷 7941-7946页

作者： Lin Che Yeming Zhang Jingcheng Wang Miaoshun Bai Dept. of Automation Shanghai Jiaotong University Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing Ministry of Education of China Shanghai 200240 China Shanghai Municipal Engineering Design Institute (Group) Co. Ltd. China Autonomous Systems and Intelligent Control International Joint Research Center Xi’an Technological University Xi’an Shaanxi 710021 China

The paper discusses fuzzy comparison matrices, consistency check, weight prioritization methods and weight evaluation methods in fuzzy group analytic hierarchy process. There are various methods of weight prioritization, however, they are not critically evaluated. In the paper, two measures are introduced for the evaluation of the group weights. Then, a new method is proposed to improve the process of deriving weights and use it in an application compared to another common three methods. Our results show that the new method is a good method for deriving weights of indexes.

关键词： Group Fuzzy AHP Ari-Geo Method Assessment Measure Fuzzy Consistency Check Triangular Fuzzy Number

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A registration-aided domain adaptation network for 3D Point cloud based place recognition

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Qiao, Zhijian Hu, Hanjiang Shi, Weiang Chen, Siyuan Liu, Zhe Wang, Hesheng Department of Automation Insititue of Medical Robotics Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing of Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Intelligent Equipment and System of Ministry of Education Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Intelligent Robots and Systems Beijing Institute of Technology China Department of Mechanical Engineering Carnegie Mellon University United States Department of Computer Science and Technology University of Cambridge United Kingdom

In the field of large-scale SLAM for autonomous driving and mobile robotics, 3D point cloud based place recognition has aroused significant research interest due to its robustness to changing environments with drastic daytime and weather variance. However, it is time-consuming and effort-costly to obtain high-quality point cloud data for place recognition model training and ground truth for registration in the real world. To this end, a novel registration-aided 3D domain adaptation network for point cloud based place recognition is proposed. A structure-aware registration network is introduced to help to learn features with geometric information and a 6-DoFs pose between two point clouds with partial overlap can be estimated. The model is trained through a synthetic virtual LiDAR dataset through GTA-V with diverse weather and daytime conditions and domain adaptation is implemented to the real-world domain by aligning the global features. Our results outperform state-of-the-art 3D place recognition baselines or achieve comparable on the real-world Oxford RobotCar dataset with the visualization of registration on the virtual dataset. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Three dimensional computer graphics

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Residential virtual power plant with photovoltaic output forecasting and demand response

Residential virtual power plant with photovoltaic output for...

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作者： Cui, Shichang Wang, Yan-Wu Lin, Xiangning Xiao, Jiang-Wen School of Automation Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China Key Laboratory of Image Processing and Intelligent Control Ministry of Education Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China Hubei Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for New Energy Microgrid China Three Gorges University Yichang China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China

Decreasing conventional power supply is promoting the development of the distributed renewable energy sources, such as solar power and wind power. Recently rooftop photovoltaic has been widely applied, and accordingly efficient energy management is getting increasingly important for fully use of renewable energy and the peak shaving of the main grid. This paper investigates the residential energy management as a small-scale virtual power plant (VPP) connected to the main grid includes distributed energy resources, energy storages and residential loads. The self-organizing map (SOM) and the radical basis function (RBF) networks are adopted to classify the weather types and predict hourly photovoltaic output precisely. In a time-of-use electricity market, price-based demand response is applied to adjust the demand. The residential VPP has two goals: maximum profit by selling surplus power to grid and minimum power purchased from grid. The two goals are integrated as an optimization object by introducing a weight parameter. The algorithm combining receding horizon optimization and linear programming is proposed to solve the optimization problem in residential VPP. Numerical simulation tests can help to find the most suitable value of the weight parameter. Different scenarios are simulated and discussed to demonstrate the performance of the VPP and the proposed algorithm. © 2019 Chinese Automatic control Society and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd

关键词： Energy management

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Learning of long-horizon sparse-reward robotic manipulator tasks with base controllers

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Wang, Guangming Xin, Minjian Wu, Wenhua Liu, Zhe Wang, Hesheng Department of Automation Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing of Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Intelligent Equipment and System of Ministry of Education Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Control and Management Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of California San Diego La Jolla CA92093 United States Department of Computer Science and Technology University of Cambridge CambridgeCB2 1TN United Kingdom

Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) enables robots to perform some intelligent tasks end-to-end. However, there are still many challenges for long-horizon sparse-reward robotic manipulator tasks. On the one hand, a sparse-reward setting causes exploration inefficient. On the other hand, exploration using physical robots is of high cost and unsafe. In this paper, we propose a method of learning long-horizon sparse-reward tasks utilizing one or more existing traditional controllers named base controllers in this paper. Built upon Deep Deterministic Policy Gradients (DDPG), our algorithm incorporates the existing base controllers into stages of exploration, value learning, and policy update. Furthermore, we present a straightforward way of synthesizing different base controllers to integrate their strengths. Through experiments ranging from stacking blocks to cups, it is demonstrated that the learned state-based or image-based policies steadily outperform base controllers. Compared to previous works of learning from demonstrations, our method improves sample efficiency by orders of magnitude and improves the performance. Overall, our method bears the potential of leveraging existing industrial robot manipulation systems to build more flexible and intelligent controllers. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Deep learning

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