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Machine learning-based multi-objective optimization of a carbon dioxide direct-expansion geothermal heat pump comprising an internal heat exchanger and expander

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Applied Thermal Engineering 2025年 274卷

作者： Askari, Ighball Baniasad Ghazizade-Ahsaee, Hossein Shahsavar, Amin Keshtegar, Behrooz Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Zabol Zabol Iran Tehran Iran Department of Mechanical Engineering Kermanshah University of Technology Kermanshah Iran Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Zabol Zabol Iran Key Laboratory of Modelling and Simulation-based Reliability and Optimization University of Zabol ZabolP.B. *** Iran

The present study deals with the intelligent forecasting of the coefficient performance (COP), exergy efficiency (ηex), and capital cost of a transcritical CO2 direct expansion heat pump using a heuristic machine learning approach. For the first, the parametric analysis was conducted on six important variables to examine the influence of each on ηex, COP, and the length of ground heat exchanger (LGHX). The outputs were used to develop a predictive model using the Radial Basis Functions (RBFs) artificial numeral network machine learning approach. The results demonstrated that LGHX is significantly diminished by 70.21 % as the temperature difference between the soil and evaporator increases from 5 °C to 13 °C. Also, LGHX is reduced by 21.69 % as Tin,w is intensified. Moreover, an 80 % increase in Tin,w leads to 50.12 % and 45.55 % improvement in ηex and COP, respectively. In addition, the RBF machine learning approach exhibited a high performance and accuracy in forecasting ηex, COP, LGHX, heating energy (QGC), capital cost, and the compressor and expander work with R2 ≥ 0.9943 and a low RMSE. Moreover, the results of multi-objective genetic algorithm optimization showed that the heat pump with LGC, LGHX, and compressor speed of 10.06 m, 172.5 m, and 2158 RPM brings the optimum ηex and COP of 34.22 % and 3.05, respectively, delivering heating energy of 10.3 kW with a total capital cost of 22,303 $. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Geothermal heat pumps

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optimization of Minichannel Solar Flat Plate Collectors Structure based on Energy and Exergy Perspectives Using Conjugate Directions, Variable Metric and Nelder-Mead Simplex Methods

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Hu, Jiang Zhang, Mingming Zhou, Xiao Vahidinia, F. Miri, S.M. Lai, Yulin School of Economics and Management Hubei University of Automotive Technology Hubei Shiyan442000 China School of Petroleum and Gas Engineering Southwest Petroleum University Sichuan Chengdu610500 China School of Mathematics Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Hubei University of Automotive Technology Hubei Shiyan442000 China Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Zabol Zabol Iran Key Laboratory of Modelling and Simulation-based Reliability and Optimization University of Zabol ZabolP.B. *** Iran Minjiang University China

Due to the widespread use of flat plate solar collectors, it is essential to continually enhance their performance by altering their structural design. This study introduces a minichannel flat plate solar collector to evaluate its energy and exergy performance using hybrid intelligent machine learning models. The energy and exergy efficiencies were calculated using analytical Solver-based engineering equation software, considering input variables such as mass flow rate, working fluid temperature, channel length, and the number of channels. For the prediction model, support vector regression (SVR) was integrated with an enhanced optimization technique, particle swarm optimization (PSO), resulting in the SVR-IPSO model. The innovative aspect of the IPSO method includes a local search updating process that relies on the random selection of particles' global-best positions. The findings revealed that the SVR-IPSO model outperformed both the standalone SVR and the SVR-PSO models in terms of predictive ability, demonstrating superior accuracy and trend prediction. The hybrid model provided near-perfect predictions, showing that as the mass flow rate and fluid temperature increased, the energy and exergy efficiencies also significantly improved. Conversely, the performance of the minichannel collector was found to be relatively insensitive to variations in the number and length of the channels. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Energy efficiency

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Novel pH-responsive hybrid hydrogels for controlled delivery of curcumin: Overcoming conventional constraints and enhancing cytotoxicity in MCF-7 cells

Hybrid Advances

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Hybrid Advances 2024年 6卷

作者： Pourmadadi, Mehrab Gerami, Saman Emami Ajalli, Narges Yazdian, Fatemeh Rahdar, Abbas Fathi-karkan, Sonia Aboudzadeh, M. Ali Protein Research Center Shahid Beheshti University Tehran GC *** Iran School of Chemical Engineering College of Engineering University of Tehran Tehran Iran Department of Life Science Engineering Faculty of New Science and Technologies University of Tehran Tehran Iran Department of Physics Faculty of Sciences University of Zabol Zabol 538-98615 Iran Key Laboratory of Modeling and Simulation-based Reliability and Optimization University of Zabol Zabol Iran Natural Products and Medicinal Plants Research Center North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences Bojnurd 94531-55166 Iran Department of Advanced Sciences and Technologies in Medicine School of Medicine North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences Bojnurd *** Iran POLYMAT and Department of Polymers and Advanced Materials: Physics Chemistry and Technology Faculty of Chemistry University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 3 Donostia-San Sebastián 20018 Spain

Traditional drug delivery techniques often have drawbacks such inadequate bioavailability, quick clearance, and non-specific targeting, which may result in unfavorable side effects. Hybrid nanocarriers composed of nanoclay have the potential to be a viable solution to these problems. The goal of this work was to design a biocompatible hybrid nanocarrier that would release curcumin under regulated conditions to specific locations, especially cancer cells. FTIR, XRD, and FESEM were used to effectively construct and evaluate our polyvinyl pyrrolidone/polyethylene glycol/montmorillonite (PVP/PEG/MMT) hybrid hydrogels, verifying their synthesis and intended features. Zeta potential and DLS studies showed a suitable size distribution (∼300 nm) and high stability. The curcumin encapsulation efficiency and release profile were assessed using the use of UV spectrophotometry and the dialysis bag technique. The findings showed a gradual and continuous release that was highly impacted by the acidic environment (which mimicked the characteristics of cancer cells), suggesting pH-responsive activity. The MTT test was used in vitro cytotoxicity experiments to show that curcumin-loaded nanocarriers were more effective against MCF-7 cancer cells than curcumin in solution. Increased rates of necrosis and apoptosis in cancer cells treated with the nanocarrier formulation were further validated by flowcytometry. According to these results, PVP/PEG/MMT hybrid hydrogels have a lot of potential as a cutting-edge drug delivery strategy for curcumin. They may be able to overcome some of the drawbacks of traditional techniques and improve the effectiveness of treatment against cancer cells. © 2024 The Authors

关键词： Cancer Curcumin Cytotoxicity Hybrid hydrogel pH-responsive Polyvinylpyrrolidone

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