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Preparation of RE-containing magnesium alloys via molten-salt-mediated magnesiothermic reduction

Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2023年第3期11卷 981-990页

作者： Zhimin Zhang Xuchen Lu Yan Yan State Key Laboratory of Multi-phase Complex systems Institution of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of ScienceHaidian DistrictBeijing 100190PR China

RE-containing magnesium alloys were prepared via molten-salt-mediated magnesiothermic reduction by using RE_(2)O_(3)(RE=Y,Nd and Gd)and Mg metal as raw *** thermomechanical analysis of the magnesiothermic reduction reactions in molten salt was *** the molten-salt-mediated magnesiothermic reduction process was studied from three different *** that,the RE-containing magnesium alloy was characterized by using chemical analysis,XRD analysis and SEM *** magnesiothermic reduction was a liquid-liquid reaction with relatively weak driving *** the melting process and the magnesiothermic reduction process,magnesium metal and the obtained alloy went up and down as a whole in molten salt,which improved the process safety without introducing chloride ***,the hydrolysis of the RECl_(3^(-))containing molten salt occurred at elevated temperature,which severely impeded the magnesiothermic reduction *** the magnesiothermic reduction at 750°C for 2.0 h,the content of RE and the common impurity elements in the obtained RE-containing alloy met the both requirements of the commercial WE43A and WE43B.

关键词： Magnesium alloy Rare earth Magnesiothermic reduction Molten salt

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A novel pathway for the preparation of Mg metal from magnesia

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2022年第10期10卷 2847-2856页

作者： Zhimin Zhang Xuchen Lu Yan Yan State Key Laboratory of Multi-phase Complex systems Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of ScienceHaidian DistrictBeijing 100190PR

High-purity anhydrous magnesium chloride was prepared from magnesia and ammonium *** chlorination process was analyzed and then the critical stages affecting the purity of anhydrous magnesium chloride were *** effect of sample dimension on the above critical stages was investigated *** purity guarantee mechanism of anhydrous magnesium chloride was *** that,magnesium metal was obtained via electrolyzing the anhydrous magnesium chloride-containing molten *** new process for the continuous production of magnesium metal from magnesia was proposed and *** incomplete chlorination reaction and the hydrolysis of anhydrous magnesium chloride are the two critical stages affecting the purity of the anhydrous magnesium *** dimension of the sample can influence reaction process and reaction mechanism,and thus the problems of incomplete chlorination reaction and hydrolysis can be solved *** magnesia content in anhydrous magnesium chloride was below 0.1 wt.%when the ratio of height to diameter of the sample was over *** content of impurities in the magnesium metal obtained met the specifications of the product *** current efficiency was(94.7±1.8)%and the electricity consumption was(9107±97)kW h/t.

关键词： Magnesium Electrolysis Anhydrous magnesium chloride Hydrolysis

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CFD simulation for reduction of pyrolusite in fluidized beds

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Particuology 2023年第8期79卷 109-120页

作者： Jingyi Zhu Qi Liu Zheng Zou Qingshan Zhu Hongzhong Li Haoran Li State Key Laboratory of Multi-phase Complex Systems Institute of Processing EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering Institute of Processing EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China

In this study,a CFD model coupled with heterogeneous flow structure,mass transfer equations,and chemical reaction kinetics is established to forecast the pyrolusite reduction reaction *** with the previous studies which ignore the volume change of solids phase,the influence of volume shrinkage on reaction and flow behavior is explored in this *** shrinkage of pyrolusite is proved to be non-negligible in predicting the conversion *** negligence of volume shrinkage leads to the overestimation of conversion rate for its inaccurate estimation of surface area for ***,the influence of volume shrinkage on the reaction is found smaller in the scaled-up reactor.

关键词： Heterogeneous flow structure Chemical reaction kinetics CFD Bubbling fluidized bed Pyrolusite reduction reaction

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Insight into the effect of gel drying temperature on the structure and desulfurization performance of ZnO/SiO_(2)adsorbents

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2023年第4期56卷 233-241页

作者： Chao Yang Zhelin Su Yeshuang Wang Huiling Fan Meisheng Liang Zhaohui Chen College of Environmental Science and Engineering Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China State Key Laboratory of Clean and Efficient Coal Utilization Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China State Key Laboratory of Multi-phase Complex Systems Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

A series of ZnO/SiO_(2) adsorbents were prepared by a sol-gel method using tetraethyl orthosilicate,ethylene glycol(EG)and nitrates as *** effect of gel drying temperature on the structure and desulfurization performance of the adsorbents were investigated in *** is found that the low drying temperature led to a weak interaction among EG,Si AOH/H_(2)O and the nitrates in the gel system,which caused the oxidation of EG by NO3-and formed zinc glyoxylate complex during the gel calcination process,whereas this oxidation process also occurred at a high drying temperature during the gel drying *** formed zinc glyoxylate complex promoted the generation of monodentate carbonate on the surface of Zn O,which resulted in the inferior desulfurization performance of adsorbents despite they have smaller Zn O *** gel dried at 120°C formed the hydrogen bonds between EG and Si AOH/H_(2)O and a strong interaction between zinc oxo-clusters and NO3-was also found in the gel system,which avoided the oxidation of EG by NO3-during the preparation process and the Zn O nanoparticles with sizes of 6 nm were formed by a combustion *** adsorbent affords a highest sulfur capacity of 104.9 mg·g^(-1) in this *** addition,the gel drying temperature has a significant influence on the textural properties of the adsorbents except their surface area.

关键词： Sol-gel method Drying temperature H_(2)S removal Zinc-silica composites Hydrogen bonds

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Considering solid shear stress in MP-PIC simulation of a CFB riser

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Particuology 2024年第6期89卷 79-87页

作者： Tagir Kadyrov Fei Li Atta Ullah Nature-inspired Engineering Center University of TyumenTyumen 625003Russia Laboratory of Theory and Optimization of Chemical and Technological Processes University of TyumenTyumen625003Russia State Key Laboratory of Multi-phase Complex Systems Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Department of Chemical Engineering Pakistan Institute of Engineering&Applied SciencesIslamabad 45650Pakistan

To enable successful multi-phase particle-in-cell(MP-PIC)simulations of circulating fluidized beds(CFBs),both the interphase drag force and interparticle collisions need to be carefully *** collisions are usually represented by the solid stress consisting of the normal and shear components,in which the normal stress was found to have a leading role in the numerical stability of MP-PIC simulations,whereas the impact of the shear stress has seldom been *** this work,the effects of the solid shear stress are investigated by using two-dimensional simulations of the moderately dense laboratory-scale CFB riser with in-house MP-PIC code implemented on MFIX open-source *** including only normal solid stress and those considering both normal and shear solid stresses are *** results of solids flux,axial and radial solids profiles are compared with available experimental *** results show that the solid shear stress plays a minor role on the accuracy of simulation,and the increase of PPP(number particles per parcel)leads to a lower accuracy of simulation.

关键词： Simulation Fluidization multiphase particle-in-cell(MP-PIC) Solid shear stress

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Major challenges and recent advances in characterizing biomass thermochemical reactions

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Resources Chemicals and Materials 2024年第2期3卷 146-158页

作者： Zhennan Han Junrong Yue Xi Zeng Jian Yu Fang Wang Yu Guan Xuejing Liu Fu Ding Liangliang Fu Xin Jia Xingfei Song Chao Wang Yanbin Cui Lei Shi Kangjun Wang Vladimir Zivkovic Dingrong Bai Guangwen Xu Key Laboratory on Resources Chemicals and Material of Ministry of Education Shenyang University of Chemical TechnologyShenyang 110142China The State Key Laboratory of Multi-phase Complex System Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Ecology and Environment Beijing Technology and Business UniversityBeijing 100048China School of Engineering Newcastle UniversityNewcastle Upon Tyne NE17RUUnited Kingdom

Thermochemical conversions are pathways for biomass utilization to produce various value-added energy and chemical products. For the development of novel thermochemical conversion technologies, an accurate understanding of the reaction performance and kinetics is essential. Given the diversity of the thermal analysis techniques, it is necessary to understand the features and limitations of the reactors, ensuring that the selected thermal analysis reactor meets the specific need for reaction characterization. This paper provides a critical overview of the thermal analysis reactors based on the following perspectives: 1) gas flow conditions in the reactor, 2) particle’s external and internal heat and mass transfer limitations, 3) heating rate, 4) temperature distribution, 5) nascent char production and reaction, 6) liquid feeding and atomization, 7) simultaneous sampling and analyzing of bed materials, and 8) reacting atmosphere change. Finally, prospects and future research directions in the development of analysis techniques are proposed.

关键词： Biomass Thermal analysis Quick heating Thermochemical reaction Reaction kinetics

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Enhanced carbon capture with motif-rich amino acid loaded defective robust metal-organic frameworks

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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 2004-2010页

作者： Qi-Ye Ju Jia-Jia Zheng Li Xu Hai-Yan Jiang Zi-Qian Xue Lu Bai Yang-Yang Guo Ming-Shui Yao Ting-Yu Zhu State Key Laboratory of Multi-phase Complex Systems CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and EngineeringBeijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean ProcessInstitute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Nanoscience National Center for Nanoscience and TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Rare Earths University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Ganjiang Innovation Academy Chinese Academy of SciencesGanzhou 341000China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences Kyoto UniversityInstitute for Advanced StudyKyoto UniversityYoshidaUshinomiya-choSakyokuKyoto 606-8501Japan

The use of metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)as solid adsorption materials for carbon capture is promising,but achieving efficient and reversible adsorption with a balance of capacity and selectivity for carbon dioxide(CO_(2))over N_(2) remains a *** take full advantage of the strong channel traffic and robustness of MOFs with relatively small pores,it is highly necessary to employ a defect-engineering strategy to construct a broader channel structure that can facilitate the loading of functional motif-rich amino acids(AAs).This strategy can greatly enhance the CO_(2) adsorption performance of *** this study,motif-rich amino acids are loaded into the defective and robust porous frameworks via combined defect-engineering and post-synthetic *** defective Zr/Hf-MOF-808s modified with AAs,especially for the 18 mol%4-nitroisophthalic acid,generated defective products allowing for the loading of L-serine(L-Ser).This modification resulted in a significant improvement in both the adsorption capacity(248%improvement at 298 K,100 kPa)and the selectivity of CO_(2)/N_(2) using the ideal adsorbed solution theory(IAST),with the selectivity increasing to 120.55 and 38.27 at 15 and 100 kPa,respectively,while maintaining good cycling *** functional theory(DFT)simulation,CO_(2) temperature-programmed desorption(CO_(2)-TPD),and in situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)were further employed to have a better understanding of the enhanced CO_(2) adsorption ***,unlike the AAs loaded pristine MOF-808s that showed the best CO_(2) adsorption capacity with the loading of short and small glycine(Gly),the broadened channel size in our work enables the loading of functional motif-rich L-serine,which brings more active binding sites,improving CO_(2) adsorption.

关键词： carbon capture and storage metal-organic framework(MOF) amino acids(AAs) defect-engineering motif-rich

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Dynamic apertures with diffusion-regulatory functionality in soft porous crystals:A key to solving the century puzzle on isotopologues separation

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Nano Research 2023年第2期16卷 3254-3255页

作者： Yanhong Li Jianze Xiao Yangyang Guo Ning Han Fangli Yuan Yunfa Chen Ming-Shui Yao State Key Laboratory of Multi-phase Complex Systems Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering Institute of Process EngineeringInnovation Academy for Green ManufactureChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Particle Materials Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

The separation of water isotopologues has been a“century-old”challenge,also known as“the Holy Grail”in separation *** water(D2O)is a stable non-radioactive water isotopologue that plays a critical role in scientific research,military,nuclear energy,and medical *** water was first reported in 1931 when *** discovered D2 and D2O,for which he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in *** in 1933,*** et *** 0.5μL of heavy water at a concentration of around 65.7%when electrolyzing 10 liters of *** 1935,the world's first heavy water plant was built in Norway,producing 2 tons of heavy water by electrolysis,but the separation factor was merely 1.05,which was extremely *** 1943,the first heavy water plant employing the distillation method was built in the United States.

关键词： separation porous distillation

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Micro reactors for measurement and analysis of thermochemical gas-solid reactions

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Resources Chemicals and Materials 2022年第2期1卷 152-166页

作者： Zhennan Han Junrong Yue Chao Wang Xi Zeng Jian Yu Fang Wang Yu Guan Xuejing Liu Fu Ding Liangliang Fu Xin Jia Xingfei Song Dingrong Bai Guangwen Xu Key Laboratory on Resources Chemicals and Material of Ministry of Education Shenyang University of Chemical TechnologyShenyang 110142China The State Key Laboratory of Multi-phase Complex System Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of ScienceBeijing 100190China School of Ecology and Environment Beijing Technology and Business UniversityBeijing 100048China

Micro reactors are the essential part of thermal analysis techniques for characterizing gas-solid thermochemical reactions. The dynamic and diversified needs for investigating various complex materials and gas-solid reactions have led to the development of a variety of different microreactors over the years. Solid particles in microreactors are normally heated by furnaces from outside, resistive elements from inside, direct contact with bed particles, or other non-resistively methods. Solid particles can be fixed or fluidized in reactors where gas-solid contacts vary from diffusion-dominated to nearly diffusion-free conditions. Based on these characteristics, in this article we presented a broad classification for microreactors used for thermal analysis of gas-solid reactions. For each of the most popularly used microreactors, their features and limitations are briefly reviewed. By addressing the diversity of the microreactors used in the field of thermal analysis, the review aims at providing general guidance for the selection and operation of the microreactor to satisfy one's practical specific needs.

关键词： Microreactors Thermal analysis Gas-solid reaction Kinetics Mechanism

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Progress and roadmap for graphene films in electromagnetic interference shielding

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Resources Chemicals and Materials 2023年第1期2卷 11-38页

作者： Dengguo Lai Zhaohui Chen Zhennan Han Zhong-Shuai Wu Xiaoxiao Chen Key Laboratory on Resources Chemicals and Materials Shenyang University of Chemical TechnologyShenyang 110142P.R.China Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies Kyoto UniversitySakyo-kuKyoto 606-8501Japan State Key Laboratory of Multi-phase Complex Systems Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190P.R.China State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023P.R.China

Graphene films(GFs)featured with exceptional electrical property and macroscopic ultrathin two-dimensional structure demonstrate infinite potentials for electromagnetic interference shielding *** retrospect-ing the advanced achievements of GF-type shielding materials over the past decades,this review aims to provide a roadmap driven by the great progress and inspire future disruptive *** fabrication methods of GFs are systematically discussed,with a particular emphasis on creative *** to optimize the shielding performance are elaborated in terms of manufacturing methods,shielding efficiency and properties,corresponding mechanisms,challenges and ***,advancements of multifunctional GFs simul-taneously satisfying electromagnetic shielding with thermal dissipation or transparent requirements are *** history as a mirror,a clear insight into this rapidly growing field is given,and corresponding current chal-lenges and future opportunities in the fabrication and application of GF-family shielding materials are highlighted and *** hope this review can encourage further innovations in this exciting branch of research and inspire scientists from both academia and industry to promote revolutionary breakthroughs in GF-shields for next-generation shielding applications.

关键词： Electromagnetic interference shielding Graphene Film Carbon material Roadmap

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