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Modeling and experimental assessment of the novel HI-I2-H2O electrolysis for hydrogen generation in the sulfur-iodine cycle

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH 2020年第8期44卷 6285-6296页

作者： Ying, Zhi Wang, Yabin Zheng, Xiaoyuan Geng, Zhen Dou, Binlin Cui, Guomin Univ Shanghai Sci & Technol Shanghai Key Lab Multiphase Flow & Heat Transfer Sch Energy & Power Engn Shanghai 200093 Peoples R China

To improve the sulfur-iodine (SI or IS) cycle for renewable hydrogen production, direct electrolysis of HIx solution (HI-I-2-H2O) from Bunsen reaction has been recently proposed. This work concerns the detailed microscopic physical performance and electrolytic processes of HIx electrolysis through theoretical simulation and experimental exploration. A two-dimensional mathematical model of the electrolytic cell for HIx electrolysis was developed, and was verified by the relevance between the simulated and experimental hydrogen production. The concentration, electric and flow field distributions were characterized. The decrease of anodic HI and increase of cathodic H-2 were found along the flow direction. The local potential distribution declined from anode to cathode region. Higher pressure drop from the inlet to outlet of channel as well as the pumping power were required for anolyte than catholyte. More detailed electrolytic processes along the flow channel at different operating conditions were analyzed. Increasing temperature from 303 K to 343 K improved the H-2 production rate. A low anode flow rate of 0.2 m/s was favorable for achieving high conversion rate of reactants and low consumed pumping power. The developed models and the clarified characteristics of HIx electrolysis will be further applied to the improved SI cycle.

关键词： HIx electrolysis hydrogen production model physical field sulfur-iodine cycle

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Simulation of ultrasonic attenuation in theelastic mixing particle system

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Chinese Journal of Acoustics 2018年第1期37卷 99-109页

作者： LI Yunsi SU Mingxu YANG Huinan FAN Fengxian CAI Xiaoshu Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer in Power Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology

For the study of predicting ultrasonic attenuation of elastic, spherical mixing par- ticles in the liquid-solid two-phase system, the Monte Carlo method （MCM） is introduced, serving as a probability and statistics technique to evaluate the inside ultrasonic events during the ultrasound propagation. On the basis of ultrasonic scattering and aborption, the continuous ultrasonic waves are represented as discrete and independent phonons. By recording the scat- tering events, tracing the trajectory of a moving phonon and calculating the number of phonons that finally reach the receiving transducer, the ultrasonic attenuation coefficient is obtained to be a frequence-dependent spectrum. Numerical investigations have been carried out to predict and compare the ultrasonic attenuation for a solid-liquid two-phase system with a single type particle. After verifing its feasibility, such a method is then appalied into mixing particle sys- tern, where the mixing iron particles and glass beads with various ratios are set as examples for the purpose of predicting ultrasonic attenuation for the monodisperse and polydisperse mixing particle systems. The results of MCM, the ECAH model, the Lloyd ~z Berry （LB） model and the Waterman model match well when the particle volume concentration is lower than 10%, corresponding to iron particles and glass beads respectively. In the case of two-phase system with mixing particles, it is shown that as the particle volume concentration increases to 10%, the variation of the ultrasonic attenuation coefficient with mixing ratio yields a nonlinear tendency. The physical properties of particles can also influence ultrasonic attenuation significantly.

关键词： Simulation of ultrasonic attenuation in theelastic mixing particle system

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Lattice Boltzmann simulation of droplets accelerate shedding on an inverted triangular surface with wettability gradient

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NUMERICAL heat transfer PART B-FUNDAMENTALS 2024年

作者： Tao, Ying Gao, Ming Yang, Jian-hua Chen, Lu Zhang, Li-xin Univ Shanghai Sci & Technol Sch Power Engn Shanghai Key Lab Multiphase Flow & Heat Transfer P Shanghai 200093 Peoples R China

The droplet combining and shedding on a gradient-wetting inverted triangle surface is investigated using the lattice Boltzmann method based on the Shan-Chen pseudo-potential model. The impacts of the tip angle, wetting gradient, and Bond number are investigated. The study shows that the smaller the tip angle, the better for the droplets to merge and shed. The droplet combining and shedding process can be sped up by the triangular surface's wetting gradient. As the wetting gradient increases, the droplet combining and shedding becomes easier. Applying a wetting gradient to speed drainage is better when the original surface is more hydrophilic. The combination and shedding of droplets on the wet surface are significantly influenced by the Bond number as well.

关键词： Droplet motion inverted triangle surface lattice Boltzmann method shedding wetting gradient

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Effect of Struvite Addition on Relieving the Slagging Tendency during Zhundong Coal Combustion

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ENERGY & FUELS 2019年第12期33卷 12251-12259页

作者： Yu, Zhihao Jin, Jing Yang, Haoran Zhang, Ruipu Hang, Yixuan Univ Shanghai Sci & Technol Shanghai Key Lab Multiphase Flow & Heat Transfer Sch Energy & Power Engn Shanghai 200093 Peoples R China

Zhundong coal is a kind of high-quality power coal, but serious fouling and slagging may occur due to the rich content of alkali and alkali earth metals (AAEMs). Combustion experiments were carried out on an electrically heated tube furnace at different temperatures in air atmosphere. The raw coal and its mixtures with struvite additive (2-8 wt % of coal mass) were respectively burned in air atmosphere. Combustion-generated ashes were collected and analyzed by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry, and scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy. Results show that the mixed coal ash at high temperatures has a looser and more brittle structure than the raw coal ash and is more easily removed. With the introduction of struvite, whitlockite and chladniite appear, which improves the melting temperature of the mixed coal ash, while gehlenite (Ca2Al2SiO7) and akermanite (Ca2MgSiO7) disappear. The high content of calcium in Zhundong coal leads to the formation of a low-temperature eutectic with some minerals such as Al and Si at temperatures higher than 1000 degrees C. Ca separates out after these minerals melt, flows within the flue gas, and congeals on the heating surfaces, causing serious slagging. The fixation rate of Ca in the mixed coal ash blended with struvite increases obviously. The optimum addition of struvite is 4%.

关键词： Additives Coal Redox reactions Reaction products Minerals

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Three-dimensional electrochemical Bunsen reaction characteristics in the sulfur-iodine water splitting cycle for hydrogen production

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY 2019年第41期44卷 22841-22850页

作者： Ying, Zhi Zhang, Yao Zheng, Xiaoyuan Wang, Yabin Dou, Binlin Cui, Guomin Univ Shanghai Sci & Technol Sch Energy & Power Engn Shanghai Key Lab Multiphase Flow & Heat Transfer Shanghai 200093 Peoples R China

Hydrogen production from the sulfur-iodine water splitting cycle integrated with solar or nuclear energy has been proposed as a promising technique. Bunsen reaction is one of the three main steps in the cycle and electrochemical method has been applied to this reac- tion. In present work, a three-dimensional numerical study of the electrochemical Bunsen reaction was conducted. A three-dimensional, steady state, laminar and isothermal mathematical model of electrolytic cell was developed and verified by experiments. The spatial maldistribution of species concentration was found between electrodes and proton exchange membrane (PEM). The electric power drives most H2SO4 and 12 to the anode and cathode surface, respectively, while the proton attraction contributes to HI enrichment on the surface of PEM. At the high inlet H2SO4 concentration of 50 wt%, the transformation of flow channel from single serpentine to single entry & double serpentine with the same inlet flow rate cannot solve the insufficient problem of SO2. But the increase of the overall inlet flow rate in the double entry & double serpentine flow channel make SO2 sufficient for anode reaction. Further decreasing the inlet H2SO4 concentration to 40 wt% and 30 wt% make the initial SO2 sufficient for overall reactions. The single serpentine channel gives the highest SO2 conversion rate, followed by the single entry & double serpentine and double entry & double serpentine flow channels. The single serpentine flow channel at the H2SO4 inlet concentration of 40 wt% is found optimal for achieving a high electrochemical Bunsen reaction performance. (C) 2019 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Hydrogen production Sulfur-iodine cycle Electrochemical bunsen reaction Electrolytic cell Three-dimensional

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Influence of suction flow control on energy extraction characteristics of flapping foil

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GREEN ENERGY 2022年第8期19卷 888-903页

作者： Wang, Jiayue Huang, Shengxian Hou, Longfeng Wang, Ying Univ Shanghai Sci & Technol Sch Energy & Power Engn Shanghai Key Lab Multiphase Flow & Heat Transfer Shanghai 200093 Peoples R China

Flapping foil (FF) is a relatively new renewable energy extraction device, which has the advantages of simple structure, strong environmental adaptability and little impact on the environment. This study proposed a new FF energy extraction equipment with suction control added to the surface. Based on the moving grid technology, the effect of different suction control methods on energy extraction characteristics of FF was numerically investigated. In this paper, taking NACA0012 as the reference airfoil, the influence laws of key parameters, such as suction velocity, suction port position and suction mode on the energy extraction efficiency of FF were studied respectively. The results show that, compared with the original FF, the addition of suction control can effectively control the size of the leading edge negative effect vortex, increase the force consistent with the motion direction of the FF and its surface pressure difference, thus improving the energy extraction efficiency. In addition, the innovative change of suction mode to sinusoidal suction mode in this paper can not only enhance the stability and safety of FF operation structure, but also its energy extraction efficiency is not much different from that of FF with sudden suction control.

关键词： flapping foil energy extraction suction flow control simulation

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Pressurized oxy-fuel combustion performance of pulverized coal for CO₂ capture

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APPLIED THERMAL engineering 2016年 99卷 411-418页

作者： Ying, Zhi Zheng, Xiaoyuan Cui, Guomin Univ Shanghai Sci & Technol Sch Energy & Power Engn Shanghai Key Lab Multiphase Flow & Heat Transfer Shanghai 200093 Peoples R China

Pulverized coal combustion in pressurized oxy-fuel (or O-2/CO2) atmosphere is widely accepted as a clean technique for energy conversion with respect to the NOx emission reduction and CO2 capture. The combustion performance of two pulverized coals, including the ignition and burnout, char structure transformation, and ash formation, was investigated, and the effects of system pressure, oxygen concentration, and coal type were explored. Results showed that system pressure had positive effects on the combustion performance of DT coal and SH coal within a range. The best pressure in this work was 1 MPa. The increase of oxygen concentration was more effective for the ignition temperature reduction at elevated pressure. Increasing the pressure affected the release of carbon functional groups on char surface, especially the aromatic and aliphatic carbon, which was least at 1 MPa, indicating the lowest graphitization degree and ignition temperature. A pressurized condition also promoted fragmentation of coal during the devolatilization, and thus enlarged the available surface area for char reaction with O-2, leading to an earlier ignition. The SEM morphologies of ash generated at different pressures identified the enhanced formation of finer ash under pressurized conditions. Results are feasible for optimizing the pressurized oxy-fuel combustion in the future. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Pressurized oxy-fuel combustion Pulverized coal Combustion performance Char structure Carbon functional groups Ash

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Experimental study and development of an improved sulfur-iodine cycle integrated with HI electrolysis for hydrogen production

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY 2020年第24期45卷 13176-13188页

作者： Ying, Zhi Wang, Yabin Zheng, Xiaoyuan Geng, Zhen Dou, Binlin Cui, Guomin Univ Shanghai Sci & Technol Sch Energy & Power Engn Shanghai Key Lab Multiphase Flow & Heat Transfer Shanghai 200093 Peoples R China

The sulfur-iodine (SI or IS) thermochemical cycle assembled with solar or nuclear energy has been proposed as a large-scale, clean and renewable hydrogen production method. In present work, an improved SI cycle integrated with HI electrolysis for hydrogen production was developed according to experiments and simulation. The mathematical models of HI electrolysis using proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolytic cell was developed, and then the user-defined module of HI electrolysis was set up through Aspen Plus and verified by experimental data. After designing and simulating the new flowsheet of the SI cycle based on HI electrolysis, 10 L/h of H-2 and 5 L/h of O-2 were obtained. The theoretic thermal efficiency of flowsheet reached 25-42% in terms of the utilization of waste heat. An ideal thermal efficiency of 33.3% through the proper internal heat exchange in the flowsheet was determined. Sensitivity analyses of parameters in the system were conducted. Increasing proton transfer number of PEM electrolytic cell in HI section improved the thermal efficiency of SI cycle. The ratio of distillate to feed rate and the plate number of distillation column in H2SO4 section were the most sensitive factors to the heat duty of overall SI cycle. The proposed new flowsheet for SI cycle is competitive to the flowsheets previously proposed in the field of flowsheet simplification. (C) 2020 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Hydrogen production Sulfur-iodine cycle HI electrolysis flowsheet Thermal efficiency

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Theoretical and experimental evaluation on the electrical properties of multi-junction solar cells in a reflective concentration photovoltaic system

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ENERGY REPORTS 2022年 8卷 820-831页

作者： Wang, Zilong Zhang, Hua Dou, Binlin Zhang, Guanhua Wu, Weidong Univ Shanghai Sci & Technol Sch Energy & Power Engn Shanghai Key Lab Multiphase Flow & Heat Transfer Shanghai 200093 Peoples R China

Solar photovoltaic systems represent an important technology for renewable energy utilization and have broad potential for application and development. However, the further development of solar photovoltaic systems is hindered by their higher generation costs. A high-concentration photovoltaic system (HCPVs) can use an inexpensive concentrator to replace solar cells;this, in turn, reduces the cost of electricity generation, because the solar cell requirement decreases for a given power. This study developed a mathematical model for multi-junction solar cell (MJSC) based on single-diode equivalent circuit, furthermore, an HCPVs with hyperboloid mirrors was established. The electrical properties for an MJSC module, including the short-circuit current (I-sc), peak power (P-m), open-circuit voltage (V-oc), fill factor (FF), and efficiency (eta) were investigated at concentration ratios between 650 X and 800 X and direct solar radiation intensities between approximately 400 W/m(2) and 730 W/m(2). Furthermore, the experimental results and theoretical values were comparatively analyzed. The results demonstrated that I-sc, V-oc,V- and P-m of MJSC module increased as the direct solar radiation raised. In contrast, the FF and eta of an MJSC module decreased as the direct solar radiation raised. As the direct solar radiation intensity was 700 W/m(2) and concentration ratio increased from 650 X to 800 X, I-sc, V-oc, and P-m increased from 1.002 A to 1.243 A, 11.095 V to 11.158 V, and 9.466 W to 11.358 W, respectively. Conversely, the FF and eta of the MJSC module decreased from 32.51 % to 31.33 % and 0.851 to 0.819, respectively. The tallied between the numerical and experimental results was evaluated, which indicated that root-mean-square error between the experimental and calculated values increased as the direct solar radiation increased.(c) 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.

关键词： Solar energy Triple-junction solar cell High-concentration photovoltaic system Hyperboloid mirrors Mathematical model

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Experimental study on the enhancement of free convection heat transfer under the action of an electric field

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EXPERIMENTAL THERMAL AND FLUID SCIENCE 2019年 104卷 9-14页

作者： Gao, Ming Zhang, Ling-shuang Zhang, Da Zhang, Li-xin Univ Shanghai Sci & Technol Shanghai Key Lab Multiphase Flow & Heat Transfer Sch Energy & Power Engn Shanghai 200093 Peoples R China

In this paper, the electrohydrodynamic (EHD) enhancement of free convection heat transfer is studied experimentally. A smooth copper heating surface is submerged in R113 liquid, the heat fluxes ranging from 4461 W/m(2) to 17805 W/m(2), and a high voltage ranging from 1 kV to 5 kV are applied on the heating surface. High speed photography is used to record the images of electroconvection. The results show the relationship between the intensity of the electric field, the height of the electroconvection layer and the enhancement of the heat transfer coefficient. Electric field can enhance free convection heat transfer, with the increase of the electric field the fluid disturbance on the heating surface increases obviously, and with the increase of the heat fluxes the enhancement of electric field gradually decreases.

关键词： Electrohydrodynamic enhancement Free convection Electroconvection heat transfer

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