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Integration of Organic Rankine Cycle with Lignite Flue Gas Pre-drying for Waste Heat and Water Recovery from Dryer Exhaust Gas: Thermodynamic and Economic Analysis

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Energy Procedia 2017年 105卷 1614-1621页

作者： Xiaoqu Han Sotirios Karellas Ming Liu Konstantinos Braimakis Weixiong Chen Junjie Yan Emmanuel Kakaras State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an 710049 China Laboratory of Steam Boilers and Thermal Plants National Technical University of Athens Athens 15780 Greece

The flue gas pre-drying of lignite produces a moisture rich dryer exhaust gas which can be further cooled to recover the waste heat and water vapor. An environmental friendly power system is investigated in the present work, which integrates the lignite flue gas pre-drying system with an organic Rankine cycle (ORC) to utilize the waste heat to generate power and capture the condensed water. Simulation models of the integrated system are developed, incorporating thermodynamic and economic evaluation indicators. The optimal energy and exergy efficiencies of the ORC system are calculated to be 3.10% and 24.57%, respectively, for an evaporation temperature of 51 °C when R245fa is used as the working fluid. Accordingly, the ORC power output is 3.61 MW and the absolute plant efficiency improvement is 0.27% points. Moreover, 55.17% of the water vapor can be recovered. The economic performance significantly relies on the specific investment cost of ORC and the electricity selling price. Typically, the break-even points of the specific investment cost are 2300 €/kW and 3700 €/kW when electricity selling prices are 0.05 €/kWh and 0.08 €/kWh, respectively.

关键词： Lignite Flue gas pre-drying Waste heat recovery Organic Rankine cycle

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A depth estimation algorithm of plenoptic camera for the measurement of particles

A depth estimation algorithm of plenoptic camera for the mea...

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IEEE International Workshop on Imaging Systems and Techniques (IST)

作者： Yuanchi Ma Wu Zhou Tianlei Qian Xiaoshu Cai Institute of Particle and Two-phase Flow Measurement / Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer in Power Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology shanghai China

Plenoptic camera has been widely studied in many areas such as circuit analysis, microbiological detection and remote sensing. But the application of plenoptic camera was rarely get attention in three-dimensional measuring for particles and fluid. The applicability and accuracy of existing algorithm for depth estimation and three-dimensional measuring is acceptable [8]. However, the traditional algorithm for depth estimation is not suitable for measuring of particles and fluid in the result of some differences between particles and other kinds of objects in three-dimensional measuring with plenoptic cameras especially in the case of low density of particles system. This paper presents an improved depth estimation algorithm of plenoptic camera for the measurement of particles. This improved algorithm can effectively restrain miscalculation of depth by pretreatment and searching for the area of maximum gradient. The improvement of accuracy and precision of this depth estimation algorithm compared with the traditional algorithm was proved by a series of experiments.

关键词： Cameras Particle measurements Atmospheric measurements Estimation Lenses Calibration Area measurement

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Layered sphere-shaped TiO_2 capped with gold nanoparticles on structural defects and their catalysis of formaldehyde oxidation

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2016年第1期28卷 77-85页

作者： Chunyan Ma Guanglong Pang Guangzhi He Yang Li Chi He Zhengping Hao Department of Environmental Nano-materials Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Environmental Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power EngineeringSchool of Energy and Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University

We describe here a one-step method for the synthesis of Au/TiO2 nanosphere materials,which were formed by layered deposition of multiple anatase TiO2 *** Au nanoparticles were stabilized by structural defects in each TiO2 nanosheet,including crystal steps and edges,thereby fixing the Au-TiO2 perimeter *** transfer occurred along the gaps between these TiO2 nanosheet layers and in contact with catalytically active sites at the Au-TiO2 *** doped Au induced the formation of oxygen vacancies in the Au-TiO2 *** vacancies are essential for generating active oxygen species（-＊O^-） on the TiO2 surface and Ti^3＋ ions in bulk *** ions can then form Ti^3＋-O^--Ti^4＋species,which are known to enhance the catalytic activity of formaldehyde（HCHO） *** studies on structural and oxygen vacancy defects in Au/TiO2 samples provide a theoretical foundation for the catalytic mechanism of HCHO oxidation on oxide-supported Au materials.

关键词： Layered Au/TiO2 nanospheres Structural defects Oxygen vacancy defects Reaction mechanism Formaldehyde oxidation

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Adsorption behaviors of shale oil in kerogen slit by molecular simulation

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Chemical engineering Journal 2020年 387卷

作者： Yongfei Yang Jie Liu Jun Yao Jianlong Kou Zheng Li Tianhao Wu Kai Zhang Lei Zhang Hai Sun Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil & Gas Development China University of Petroleum (East China) Ministry of Education Qingdao 266580 PR China Research Center of Multiphase Flow in Porous Media School of Petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum (East China) Qingdao 266580 PR China Institute of Condensed Matter Physics Zhejiang Normal University Jinhua 321004 PR China Reservoir Engineering Research Institute 595 Lytton Avenue Suite B Palo Alto CA 94301 USA

Shale oil is widely distributed in organic nanopores, while kerogen plays a complex and key role for adsorption behavior of shale oil, and thus it is crucial to identify the associated storage mechanisms. In this paper, molecular dynamic (MD) simulation had been performed to quantify the adsorption behavior of shale oil in kerogen slits. Both the distribution of shale oil properties and potential of the mean force (PMF) were used to identify the interaction mechanisms between the light and heavy components respectively represented by methane and asphaltene. We also examined the effects of different temperatures and apertures on the adsorption behavior. Owning to the extremely strong adsorption capacity between the asphaltene and kerogen, the adsorbed asphaltene layers reduce the slit width, preventing the light components from adsorbing on the kerogen slits due to the energy barrier formed by heavy components. It is found that, with an increase in temperature, the distribution of hydrocarbons performs more homogeneously. In addition, the adsorption quantity of medium components displays a reduction in kerogen slit, while the heavy component shows a rising as its greater competitiveness, suggesting that the medium components are the most potential fraction in thermal exploitation, and the light components keep a steady quantity with the combined action of medium and heavy components. The small slit (aperture <2 nm) can be blocked by asphaltene molecules, and the adsorption density of hydrocarbons reaches the maximum at 2 nm aperture.

关键词： Adsorption behavior Shale oil Kerogen Molecular simulation

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[email protected] 2 O 4 fiber-in-tube mesoporous nanostructure: Formation mechanism and high electrochemical performance as an anode for lithium-ion batteries

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Journal of Alloys and Compounds 2017年 693卷 110-117页

作者： Jianan Wang Guorui Yang Ling Wang Wei Yan Wei Wei Department of Environmental Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China Department of Applied Chemistry School of Science Xi'an Jiaotong University 710049 China

In this paper, [email protected] 2 O 4 with a fiber-in-tube mesoporous nanostructure has been fabricated via a one-step single-spinneret electrospinning technique. This unique nanostructure is made of an outer spinel CoFe 2 O 4 tube and a loose inner fiber composed of the residual carbonaceous materials and metal precursors. The nanostructure's properties, such as morphology, components, structures and thermal stability, are characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Brunauer, Emmett and Teller type specific area (S BET ) determination, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). As an anode material for lithium-ion batteries, the [email protected] 2 O 4 composite (6.25 wt% carbon content) exhibits a high reversible capacity of 740 mA h g −1 after over 200 cycles at the current density of 200 mA g −1 with excellent cycling stability, which is attributed to its one dimensional continuous fiber-in-tube mesoporous morphology, as well as its stable structure benefiting from the existence of carbonaceous yolk. In addition, pure CoFe 2 O 4 nanotubes can also be obtained by sequentially agitating this product in water, which provides more potential applications of CoFe 2 O 4 .

关键词： Electrospinning [email protected] 2 O 4 Fiber-in-tube Mesoporous nanostructure Li-ion batteries

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Sodium-Ion Batteries: In Situ Fabrication of Branched TiO2/C Nanofibers as Binder-Free and Free-Standing Anodes for High-Performance Sodium-Ion Batteries (Small 30/2019)

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Small 2019年第30期15卷

作者： Ling Wang Guorui Yang Jianan Wang Silan Wang Caiyun Wang Shengjie Peng Wei Yan Seeram Ramakrishna Department of Environmental Science & Engineering State Key of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science Intelligent Polymer Research Institute University of Wollongong New South Wales 2522 Australia Department of Mechanical Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore 117574 Singapore

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Characterization of soot based on variable laser-induced spectroscopy

Characterization of soot based on variable laser-induced spe...

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Digital Holography and Three-Dimensional Imaging, DH 2016

作者： Chen, Jun Zhang, Yanfeng Yan, Huinan Su, Mingxu School of Energy and Power Engineering Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer in Power Engineering China

The soot raise great environmental and health problems. Conventional methods don ' t have such low measurement limits. So in this paper soot's component and size information will be studied in theory and exper... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781943580156

关键词： Soot

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Adsorption Characteristics of Sulfuric Acid Mist on Fly Ash in Low-low temperature Flue Gas System

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Energy Procedia 2017年 142卷 3307-3312页

作者： Yubo Zhang Yu Yan Jianhua Liu Qingwen Qi Lei Deng Defu Che Xi’an Thermal Power Research Institute Co. Ltd. Xi’an 710032 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering School of Energy and Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an 710049 China Ningxia Electric Power Research Institute Ningxia 750002 China

Low-low temperature flue gas system which also called MHI high efficiency system developed by Mitsubishi Corporation has gained comprehensive attention in Japan, European countries and American. However, the applications of this system in China are facing several sever problems about corrosion and ash fouling. This paper focuses on the adsorption characteristics of sulfuric acid mist on fly ash during the flue gas cooling process in the exchanger before the electrostatic precipitator. The experimental results indicate that there is an optimum adsorption temperature for the adsorption of sulfuric acid mist, and this temperature is about 30 ℃ lower than the acid dew point. The process of adsorption is mainly dominated by chemical reactions rather than physical reactions, and the alkali metals (Na, K) and alkaline earth metals (Mg, Ca) are the main factors which influence the chemical reaction rate, especially the Na element. Besides, with the D/S increasing, the adsorption efficiency increases and it is independent of the adsorption temperature. Ash particle size also has large influence on the adsorption efficiency, the smaller the particle size is, the larger the adsorption efficiency is. And when the flue gas speed rose, gas residence time correspondingly reduced and the adsorption efficiency dropped. However, since gas residence time is short in engineering applications, the influence of gas residence time is quite moderate. Furthermore, the adsorption of the sulfuric acid mist will cause a significant agglomeration between ash particles, and it has great significance to the removal of PM.

关键词： Low-low temperature flue gas system sulfuric acid mist adsorption characteristics

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The code development and thermo-hydrodynamic analysis of the reflood during severe accident in PWR

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Annals of Nuclear Energy 2017年 99卷 9-18页

作者： S.P. Niu Y.P. Zhang W.X. Tian S.Z. Qiu G.H. Su State Key Laboratory on Power Engineering and Multi-Phase Flow Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an 710049 China

The reflooding, i.e. injecting water to the uncovered degraded core, is the most important accident management measure to terminate a severe accident and to stop the core from being melt in LWR. The reflooding of LWR core during severe accident may lead to the core cooling and cessation or to the temperature escalation and further development of the accident. That will depend on several important parameters, characterizing the core state and the way of the reflooding. Appropriate understanding of the complex core reflooding phenomena is necessary for the prediction of the system evolution. Based on the reflood flow and heat transfer characteristics, a thermo-hydraulic analysis model for the reflood phase was developed and presented in this paper. Based on this model, a code module was developed for the thermo-hydraulic analysis of reflood. The calculation results for the different conditions are compared with the FLECHT data and the QUENCH data, respectively. The results showed that the calculation results and the experiment data are in substantial agreement. Then the influences of the system pressure, the subcooling of coolant and the wall temperature on reflood characteristics were studied, too. The quench velocity falls when the wall temperature went up. The quench velocity increases when the system pressure increases. The quench velocity drops with the increasing of water temperature. The paper also provides a theoretical basis for safety analysis of fuel element cladding during reflood phase.

关键词： Severe accident Reflood Thermo-hydraulic analysis Code development

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Experimental study on thermal performance of a water/steam cavity receiver with solar simulator

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Energy Procedia 2017年 142卷 265-270页

作者： Zhenjie Wan Mumtaz A. Qaisrani Xuancheng Du Jinjia Wei Jiabin Fang Jian Zhang State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an 710049 People’s Republic of China School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an 710049 People’s Republic of China

The performance of cavity receiver plays a fatal role in light-heat conversion process in a concentrating solar power (CSP) plant. In our present work, an experimental platform is designed and built, in which a solar simulator consisting of seven mutually independent xenon lamp units is used for supplying the solar energy needed. The cold start-up and steady state performance of the cavity receiver were studied under 0.5MPa. The results show that for a certain cavity structure, temperatures on boiling panels and thus the heat loss can be affected not merely by the heat flux, other parameters can influence the temperature of absorbing surfaces, such as the heat transfer in the boiling tubes, fluid flow states and the wind effect, so the temperature distribution is highly non-uniform on boiling panels. However, the temperatures of passive surfaces depend greatly on the input solar energy, thus the heat losses of the passive surfaces will vary with the input energy. Overheat occurs if a high heat flux doesn’t have a sufficient heat transfer inside boiling tubes internal. The stagnation zone does exist in the cavity and its boundary varies with a different input energy, thus the convective heat loss can be affected. The cavity receiver thermal efficiency is 72.92% under 0.5MPa, may be the reason behind this low efficiency is the strong cooling wind of the solar simulator.

关键词： Solar energy central cavity receiver start-up thermal performance solar simulator thermal efficiency

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