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Assisting effect of Al_(2)O_(3) on MnO_(x) for NO catalytic oxidation

Green Energy & Environment 2021年第6期6卷 903-909页

作者： Denghui Wang Hui Li Qi Yao Shien Hui Yanqing Niu State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering School of Energy and Power EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an710049China

Various Mn-based catalysts for NO oxidation were prepared using MnO_(x)as active compound,while Ti O_(2)and Al_(2)O_(3)were adopted as catalyst *** performance of the catalysts was tested to study the effect of support on Mn-based catalyst *** of the catalysts followed as Mn_(0.4)/Al>Mn_(0.2)/Al>Mn_(0.4)/Ti>Mn_(0.2)/Ti>MnO_(x)>Al_(2)O_(3)on the whole,indicating the synergism of MnO_(x)and Al_(2)O_(3)for NO catalytic *** were analyzed according to characterization *** oxygen on catalyst rather than lattice oxygen was detected as the active oxidizer for NO *** catalyst support,Al_(2)O_(3)provided more sites to carry surface adsorbed oxygen than TiO_(2),resulting in the presence of more active oxygen on Mn O_(x)/Al_(2)O_(3)than on MnO_(x)/TiO_(2).Moreover,MnO_(x)/Al_(2)O_(3)possessed high surface area and pore volume,which greatly benefited the adsorption of NO on catalyst and further favored the oxidation of NO by active *** these advantages helped Mn_(0.4)/Al exhibited the best catalytic efficiency.

关键词： NO catalytic oxidation MnO_(x)/Al_(2)O_(3) NO_(2) Active oxygen

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Quantitative Evaluation of Clinical Efficacy of Laser Thermotherapy for Port-Wine Stains Through Reflectance Spectra Measurements and an Inverse Radiation Algorithm

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Zhongguo Jiguang/Chinese Journal of Lasers 2025年第9期52卷

作者： Li, Dong Li, Xiaoyang Zhang, Pengfei Chen, Bin Ying, Zhaoxia State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Xi’an710049 China Shaanxi Provincial Institute for Skin Disease and STD Control Shaanxi Xi’an710003 China

Objective Port-wine stains (PWS) are congenital vascular malformations caused by the abnormal dilation of capillaries and venules in the skin. Affecting 0.3%‒0.5% of newborns, PWS typically manifest as pinkish patches on the face and neck that darken and thicken over time, significantly impacting patients’physical and mental well-being. Pulsed dye laser (PDL) therapy, based on selective photothermolysis, is the gold standard for PWS treatment. By targeting hemoglobin in abnormal blood vessels with specific wavelengths, PDL induces thermal damage to the vasculature while sparing surrounding tissues. However, due to variability in skin types, lesion depths, and laser parameters, clinical outcomes often depend on subjective evaluations and physician experience. These limitations underscore the urgent need for objective, quantitative, and noninvasive methods to assess skin structure and monitor treatment efficacy. This study integrates reflectance spectroscopy with an inverse Monte Carlo radiation method to quantify changes in key skin parameters before and after laser treatment. By measuring and reconstructing parameters such as epidermal thickness, melanin volume fraction, blood volume fraction, and blood oxygen saturation, this study establishes a robust framework for evaluating treatment outcomes and optimizing laser parameters. Additionally, it investigates differences in treatment responses between pediatric and adult patients, providing critical insights for personalized therapeutic strategies. Methods Eleven patients with PWS underwent pulsed dye laser (PDL) therapy at a wavelength of 595 nm, with an energy density of 8 J/cm2 and a fixed spot diameter of 7 mm. Reflectance spectra of the skin were measured before and after treatment using an HR400 CG-UV-NIR spectrometer (Fig. 1). To enhance efficacy, a double-irradiation strategy was employed, in which the second laser exposure followed the first after five minutes. For spectral analysis, an inverse Monte Carlo r

关键词： Hemoglobin oxygen saturation

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Characterizations of gas-liquid interface distribution and slug evolution in a vertical pipe

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Petroleum Science 2023年第5期20卷 3157-3171页

作者： Hai-Yang Yu Qiang Xu Ye-Qi Cao Bo Huang Han-Xuan Wang Lie-Jin Guo State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an710049ShaanxiChina

Large vertical pipes are key structures connecting subsea wells to offshore ***,existing studies mainly focus on small vertical *** a vertical acrylic pipe with 80 mm inner diameter and 11 m height,a high-speed camera was used to visually research the influences of pipe diameters,liquid properties and inlet effect on air-water co-flow *** flow regime maps of vertical pipes(diameters are in the range of 50e189 mm)were compared and the critical gas velocity of the transition boundary from bubble to slug flow tended to increase with the increase of diameters at D≥80 ***-flux models were established in different flow regimes and liquid properties have a significant effect on drift coefficients of bubble flow and slug flow(void fraction a≤0.4).The influence of inlet turbulent effect on the gas-liquid interface distribution gradually weakened and disappeared from the pipe base to 85D,where the flow was fully *** frequency has a trend of increase first and then decrease with the gas Weber numbers increasing at low liquid superficial velocities(J_(L)≤0.31 m/s).And on the basis of this law,a new slug frequency correlation was *** was found that there was an exponential relationship between the ratio of lengths of Taylor bubble to slug and the void fraction.

关键词： Void fraction flow regime Drift coefficien Slug frequency Taylor bubble length

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Numerical simulation of bubble behavior in a quasi-2D fluidized bed using a bubble-based EMMS model

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Particuology 2019年第5期17卷 40-54页

作者： Hao Wang Youjun Lu State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 Shaanxi China

Bubbles formed during chemical processes in fluidized beds govern the bed hydrodynamics and opera-tional efficiency, thereby having a significant impact on their design and scale-up. In this study, a two-fluid model was used to simulate the bubble behavior in a quasi-two-dimensional fluidized bed within the bubble-based energy minimization multiscale (EMMS) approach. We performed experiments to verify the model and proposed a correlation of the heterogeneous index for various parameters to calculate the coefficient of drag for the bubble-based EMMS model. Moreover, the simulation results obtained from the homogeneous drag models and EMMS bubbling model were compared with experimental data and empirical correlations. The simulation results of the EMMS approach showed good agreement with the experimental data in the distribution of the vertical bubble velocity with chord length. Compared with the results from the homogeneous models, the distributions of vertical velocity and diameter of the bubbles predicted by the EMMS-bubbling model were in better agreement with empirical correlations. Moreover, the frequency distributions of bubble properties including bubble diameter, aspect ratio, and shape factor for different gas-inlet velocities were obtained.

关键词： Energy minimization multi-scale approach Heterogeneous index Fluidized bed Bubble

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Cyclone separation in a supercritical water circulating fluidized bed reactor for coallbiomass gasification： Structural design and numerical analysis

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Particuology 2018年第4期16卷 55-67页

作者： Guoxing Li Youjun Lu State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710049 China

A new concept of a supercritical water （SCW） circulating fiuidized bed reactor is proposed to produce hydrogen from coal/biomass gasification. The cyclone is a key component of the reactor system, in this paper, cyclones with a single circular inlet （SCI） or a double circular inlet （DCI） were designed to adapt to the supercritical conditions. We evaluated the separation performance of the two cyclones using numerical simulations. A three-dimensional Reynolds stress model was used to simulate the turbulent flow of the fluid, and a stochastic Lagrangian model was used to simulate the particle motion. The flow fields of both cyclones were three-dimensionally unsteady and similar to those of traditional gas-solid cyclones. Secondary circulation phenomena were discovered and their influence on particle separation was estimated. Analyzing the distribution of the turbulence kinetic energy revealed that the most intensive turbulence existed in the zone near the vortex finder while the flow in the central part was relatively stable. The particle concentration distribution was non-uniform because of centrifugal forces. The distribution area can be divided into three parts according to the motion of the particles. In addition, the separation efficiency of both cyclones increased with the inlet SCaN velocity. Because of its perturbance flow, the DCI separator had higher separation efficiency than the SCI separator under comparable simulations. However, this was at the expense of a higher pressure drop across the cyclone.

关键词： CycloneStructural design Supercritical water-solid flow Separation performance Circulating fluidized bed Computational fluid dynamics

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Investigation on a Supercritical Water Gasification System with CO_(2)as Transporting Medium

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Journal of Thermal Science 2023年第4期32卷 1614-1625页

作者： WANG Weizuo LU Bingru SHI Jinwen ZHAO Qiuyang JIN Hui State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering(SKLMF) Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an710049China

As a benign energy vector,hydrogen has been discussed for a long *** water gasification was one of good ways to produce ***,supercritical water gasification system with H_(2)O transporting was energy consuming in the process of heating due to the high specific heat of H_(2)O.A new supercritical water gasification system was established in this paper with supercritical CO_(2)as medium *** plastics were used as the sample transported by CO_(2).Production yields,energy flow and exergy flow of the system were collected and the influence of temperature,pressure,gasification concentration and transporting concentration was *** flow of H_(2)O input into the reactor was 1000 kg/*** typical condition was as follow:temperature 923.15 K,pressure 23 MPa,and the mass ratio of water,sample and transporting medium was 100:9:*** of H_(2),CH4,CO and CO_(2)at this condition was 8.1 kg/h,39.6 kg/h,6.6 kg/h and 137.5 kg/h,*** system with H_(2)O transporting was used to compare with the supercritical CO_(2)transporting system and proved that system with CO_(2)transporting could reduce the loss of both energy and exergy while the reduce of each gas production yield was less than 0.1 mol/mol.

关键词： phenolic plastics supercritical water gasification CO_(2)-transporting system energy and exergy flow

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Fluidization of particles in SCW fluidized bed:Voidage distribution of emulsion phase

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Particuology 2022年第4期20卷 60-75页

作者： Hao Wang Youjun Lu State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049ShaanxiChina

Supercritical water(SCW)fluidized bed reactors convert biomass to fuels without pollutants *** this work,experimental studies were carried out to investigate voidage distribution in an SCW fu-idized bed by capacitance *** sands with different particle sizes were fluidized by SCW under system pressure of 20-27 MPa and temperature of 410-570℃.The effect of operation conditions on voidage distributions of the emulsion phase(*** voidage and probability density)is discussed.A predicting correlation between voidage and superficial velocity in emulsion phase is *** relative error of the correlation is within+25%.These research results provide useful guidance for the optimization of supercritical water gasification technology.

关键词： Supercritical water fluidized bed Capacitance probe measurement system Voidage distribution

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A computational particle fluid-dynamics simulation of hydrodynamics in a three-dimensional full-loop circulating fluidized bed: Effects of particle-size distribution

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Particuology 2020年第2期18卷 134-145页

作者： Hang Zhang Youjun Lu State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049ShaanxiChina

A computational particle fluid-dynamics model coupled with an energy-minimization multi-scale(EMMS)drag model was applied to investigate the influence of particle-size distribution on the hydrodynamics of a three-dimensional full-loop circulating fluidized *** particle systems,including one monodisperse and two polydisperse cases,were *** numerical model was validated by comparing its results with the experimental axial voidage distribution and solid mass *** EMMS drag model had a high accuracy in the computational particle fluid-dynamics simulation of the three-dimensional full-loop circulating fluidized *** total number of parcels in the system(Np)influenced the axial voidage distribution in the riser,especially at the lower part of the *** numerical simulation results showed that axial segregation by size was predicted in the two polydisperse cases and the segregation size increased with an increase in the number of size *** axial voidage distribution at the lower portion of the riser was significantly influenced by particle-size ***,radial segregation could only be correctly predicted in the upper region of the riser in the polydisperse case of three solid species.

关键词： Circulating fluidized bed Computational particle fluid dynamics Particle-size distribution Energy-minimization multiscale model Three-dimensional full-loop simulation

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Efficient One-Step Electrochemical Synthesis of Ammonia-Hydrogen Fuel for Clean Energy Applications

SSRN

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SSRN 2025年

作者： Yang, Zhongmei Wang, Xiaoyang Mu, Xiaojiang Hong, Congjie Miao, Lei Novel Battery Materials Research Center of Engineering Technology State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-cycle Safety for Composite Structures School of Physical Science and Technology Guangxi University Nanning530004 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flows in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China

Ammonia-hydrogen fuel, recognized as a quintessential zero-carbon green energy source, presents significant challenges in storage and transportation due to the inherent safety risks associated with hydrogen fuel handling. Leveraging ammonia's potential as an efficient hydrogen storage medium, we focus on developing a novel technology for on-site ammonia decomposition to produce hydrogen under ambient conditions. Here, we employ a straightforward electrochemical process to catalytically decompose ammonia into hydrogen and nitrogen at standard temperature and pressure, with ammonia in its gaseous form directly volatilized from an aqueous ammonia solution. A CeO2@NiCu₃/NF electrocatalyst capable of efficient ammonia decomposition at an impressively low potential (1.27 V vs. RHE) was synthesized. This catalyst demonstrated a Tafel slope of 41.5 mV dec-1, significantly improving electrolysis efficiency. It also exhibited excellent stability during 21 hours of continuous operation. Density Functional Theory (DFT) analysis revealed that the unique composite structure of CeO2 and NiCu3 features a d-band position similar to platinum, optimizing the adsorption-desorption balance of ammonia. Furthermore, the impact of ammonia on the combustion characteristics of hydrogen under different cracking ratios was investigated from an application perspective. Combustion kinetics simulations were performed to evaluate the effects of ammonia on the ignition delay time (IDT) and laminar flame speed (LFS) of hydrogen. The results indicate that the presence of small amounts of NH3 has a negligible effect on the ignition delay time of hydrogen but significantly reduces its laminar flame *** study provides a valuable experimental foundation for advancing the practical utilization of hydrogen as a sustainable fuel while addressing the challenges associated with ammonia-hydrogen energy systems. © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Ammonia

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Instantaneous mixing characteristics of binary mixtures differing in density in a gas-solid fluidised bed

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Particuology 2020年第6期18卷 63-71页

作者： Zhen Wan Youjun Lu Hao Wang State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049ShaanxiChina

Characterisations of instantaneous mixing behaviours in fluidised beds with binary mixtures has many *** studied the instantaneous mixing characteristics of binary mixtures in a 2-D quasi gas-solid fluidised bed using a capacitance probe *** method enabled the quantitative assessment of instantaneous mixing behaviours,including mixing index,rate,and *** kinds of binary mixtures of similar size but different density were used for the transient and steady fluidisation experiments in a bubbling fluidised *** mixing curves of initially segregated binary mixtures were acquired,and the instantaneous characteristics for the entire process were *** equation was proposed to describe the mixing process and predict the mixing degree over *** comparing experiments with different working conditions,the effects of superficial gas velocity and density ratio on the mixing in the centre and at the wall of the fluidised bed were *** the stable fluidisation stage,the axial concentration profiles of the mixtures were obtained,and the mechanisms of mixing were *** showed that the mixing level increased logarithmically with time and eventually reached a relatively stable *** the superficial gas velocity and reducing the density ratio promoted mixing and reduced mixing *** superficial gas velocities tended to mix the mixtures well and quickly,regardless of the density ratio of the two components.

关键词： Binary mixtures Fluidised bed Mixing Instantaneous characteristics

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