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Study on particle and photonic flux distributions in a magnetically stirred photocatalytic reactor

Journal of Photonics for Energy 2015年第1期5卷

作者： Ren, Yuxun Jing, Dengwei Xi'An Jiaotong University International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering 28 Xianning West Road Xi'an Shaanxi710049 China

When dispersed in water, nanoscale photocatalysts can aggregate into microscale secondary particles due to their high surface energy. The interaction between the incident photons and the aggregated particles is expected to be significantly changed due to their comparable length scales. Hydrodynamics of the particles after aggregation and the resultant photonic flux distributions in slurry photocatalytic reactors are therefore essential. The magnetically stirred photocatalytic reactor is compact and simple for fabrication, and therefore can be readily employed in lab-scale photocatalytic tests. However, studies toward its optimization are rare. In our study, the photocatalyst distribution was simulated using a Eulerian-Lagrangian approach, while the evolution of free liquid surface led by magnetic stirring was modeled by volume of fluid method. Subsequently, based on the photocatalyst distribution, the photonic flux distribution was obtained through a mean free path-based Monte Carlo method. Outcomes suggest that at a stirring speed of 900 rpm, the 10 μm particles can be well suspended, and a moderate free liquid surface will also be present. Moreover, under sufficient stirring, larger catalyst particles are more likely to be densely distributed in the outer region, which contributes to an increase in the overall photonic absorption even higher than the one with evenly distributed photocatalysts. © The Authors.

关键词： Computational fluid dynamics

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Prediction of thermal performance of radiative radial fin with temperature-dependent thermal conductivity using spectral collocation method

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Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience 2016年第9期13卷 5822-5831页

作者： Ma, Jing Sun, Ya-Song Li, Ben-Wen Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Development and Application of New Transportation Energy School of Automobile Chang'an University Xi'an710064 China Beijing Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer for Low Grade Energy North China Electric Power University Beijing102206 China Institute of Thermal Engineering School of Energy and Power Engineering Dalian University of Technology Dalian116024 China

Spectral collocation method (SCM) is developed to solve coupled radiation and conduction in radiative radial fin with temperature-dependent thermal conductivity and volumetric heat generation. In this approach, energy conservation equation is discretized by SCM, and a particular algorithm is proposed to alleviate the nonlinearity of energy conservation equation. Numerical results by SCM are compared with available results in the literature, which indicate that SCM can provide high accuracy for combined radiative and conductive heat transfer in radiative radial fin, and the integral averaged relative error decreases exponentially with the increasing number of collocation points. Meanwhile, the effects of various parameters on the thermal performance, such as dimensionless thermal conductivity coefficient, radiation-conduction parameter, dimensionless ambient temperature, dimensionless radiation sink temperature and dimensionless volumetric heat generation are also investigated. Copyright © 2016 American Scientific Publishers All rights reserved.

关键词： Fins (heat exchange)

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Free surface vortex in a rotating barrel with rods of different heights

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International Journal of Fluid Machinery and Systems 2016年第4期9卷 325-331页

作者： Zhang, Xiaoyue Zhang, Min Chen, Wanyu Yang, Fan Guo, Xueyan School of Energy and Power Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology No. 516 Jungong Road Shanghai200093 China Department of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Henan Mechanical and Electrical Engineering College No. 699 Pingyuan Road Xinxiang453003 China Key Laboratory of Flow Control and Simulation University of Shanghai for Science and Technology No. 516 Jungong Road Shanghai200093 China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer in Power Engineering No. 516 Jungong Road Shanghai200093 China

A bathtub vortex above the outlet of a rotating barrel is simulated. By analyzing the Ekman layer theory, it can be found that the main flow circulation is inversely proportional to the thickness of Ekman layer. The thicker the Ekman boundary layer, the weaker the rotational strength and the shorter of the length of gas core is. According to this law, models of barriers with rods of different heights are established. The reduction of air-core length in this air entrainment vortex and weakening the strength of rotation field were achieved. © 2016 Turbomachinery Society of Japan. All rights reserved.

关键词： Vortex flow

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Comparison of hydrogen generation rate between cora-13 test and MELCOR simulation: Clad solid-phase oxidation models using self-developed code MYCOAC

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Nuclear Technology 2015年第1期192卷 25-34页

作者： Wang, Jun Corradini, Michael L. Haskin, Troy Zhang, Yapei Lu, Qing Tian, Wenxi Su, Guanghui Qiu, Suizheng Xi'an Jiaotong University State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an710049 China University of Wisconsin-Madison College of Engineering MadisonWI53706 United States Nuclear Power Institute of China Chengdu610041 China

To better understand the MELCOR oxidation and degradation models, past work compared the MELCOR model to a CORA experiment (CORA Test 13). These MELCOR analyses specifically focused on fuel bundle heatup and clad oxidation when compared to CORA test data. The comparison allowed the authors to investigate differences between hydrogen generation data and simulation results. Several potential reasons were considered for hydrogen generation rate differences, including MELCOR input power, heat transfer modeling, the clad solid-phase oxidation model, and the gaseous steam diffusion model. This work focuses on the possible uncertainty in the clad oxidation models used in MELCOR. First, the MELCOR nodalization approach for the CORA test was reviewed. Then, the temperature history and spatial variation were examined. One main focus was to consider other clad solid-phase oxidation models to compare the MELCOR models. This was accomplished by developing a separate model, MYCOAC, using MELCOR temperature predictions as input. Finally, the mass transfer resistance of steam diffusion to the clad surface was examined and found to be a small effect. While the Baker-Just solid-phase oxidation model showed better agreement with CORA data at low temperatures, the conclusion in this paper is that the oxidation models are not the major source of uncertainty in hydrogen generation rate differences. Future work will focus on heat transfer modeling of the CORA test.

关键词： Diffusion

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Energy Storage: In Situ Fabrication of Hierarchically Branched TiO2Nanostructures: Enhanced Performance in Photocatalytic H2Evolution and Li–Ion Batteries (Small 47/2017)

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Small 2017年第47期13卷

作者： Guorui Yang Ling Wang Shengjie Peng Jianan Wang Dongxiao Ji Wei Yan Seeram Ramakrishna Department of Environmental Science & Engineering State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China Department of Mechanical Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore 117574 Singapore Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Materials and Technology for Energy Conversion College of Materials Science and Technology Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing 210016 China

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Heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics of condensation for R410A in a 3.78mm circular tube under normal and micro gravity

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ASME 2016 Heat Transfer Summer Conference, HT 2016, collocated with the ASME 2016 Fluids engineering Division Summer Meeting and the ASME 2016 14th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels

作者： Zhang, Jingzhi Shih, Tom I.-P. Shi, Yanping Li, Wei Zhang, Yonghai Niu, Yuzhen Department of Energy Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang China Department of Energy Engineering Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Aero-Engine Zhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang China School of Aeronautics and Astronautics Purdue University West LafayetteIN47907 United States Shanxi FTEC Engineering Co. Ltd. Taiyuan Shanxi China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shanxi China Hangzhou Fortune Group Co. Ltd. Hangzhou Zhejiang China

ISBN: (纸本)9780791850336

Heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics of condensation for R410A inside horizontal tubes (dh=3.78 mm) under normal and micro gravity are investigated numerically. The Volume of Fluid method is used to acquire liquid-vapor interface, while the low-Reynolds form of the Shear Stress Transport k∼ω (SST k∼ω) model is adopted to taking turbulent effect into account. The results indicate that the heat transfer coefficients decrease with increasing gravity accelerations, while the frictional pressure gradients increase with increases in gravity accelerations. The liquid film accumulates at the bottom of the tube, leading to a very thin liquid film attached to the upper part of inner tube wall. This accumulation effect decreases with decreases in gravitational accelerations. A more symmetrical liquid-vapor interface is obtained at lower gravity. The average liquid film thickness is nearly the same for different gravity accelerations at the same vapor quality (8ave=56 μm at x=0.9 and 8ave=230 μm at x=0.5). The local heat transfer coefficients increase with increasing gravity at the top of the tube and decrease with increases in gravity at the bottom, while the bottom part of the tube has a limited contribution to the global heat transfer coefficient for stratified flow regime. The numerical data obtained under normal gravity agree well with well-known empirical correlations. Copyright © 2016 by ASME.

关键词： Condensation

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Dicyanovinyl-unit-induced absorption enhancement of iridium(III) complexes in long-wavelength range and potential application in dye-sensitized solar cells

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Science China Chemistry 2015年第4期58卷 658-665页

作者： Dongdong Wang Hua Dong Xiaoyu Zhang Yong Wu Shaohua Shen Bo Jiao Zhaoxin Wu Min Gao Geng Wang Department of Applied Chemistry School of Science Xi’an Jiaotong University Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education School of Electronic and information Engineering Xi’An Jiaotong University Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Institute of Fine Chemicals and Department of Chemistry East China University of Science and Technology International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University

Iridium complexes with dicyanovinyl-grafted phenylpyridine/l-phenylisoquinoline as ligands are synthesized and their photo- physical, electrochemical, and sensitization properties in DSSCs are investigated. The iridium complexes present significantly enhanced absorption from 400 to 525 nm. The 1-phenylisoquinoline-based iridium complex show bathochromic-shift emission in DMSO solution compared with their phenylpyridine-based counterpart, while their absorption response and photoluminescence peak in solid show little difference despite extension of the conjugated system. Using DSSCs, the conversion efficiency of 0.62% and open-circuit current of 1.4 mA/cm2 is achieved. The poor performance is attributed to the excited-state properties of iridium complexes according to the TD-DFT calculation.

关键词： dicyanovinyl group iridium complexes absorption response dye-sensitized solar cell

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Investigation on flow boiling heat transfer characteristics of water in vertically-upward spirally-ribbed tubes under subcritical pressures

Investigation on flow boiling heat transfer characteristics ...

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International Conference on power engineering, ICOPE 2015

作者： Zhang, Weiqiang Li, Huixiong Zhang, Qing Zhang, Qian Kong, Xiangfei Wu, Jinkai State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xianning West Road 28 Xi'an710049 China

Series of experiments have been performed at different pressures from 12 to 19 MPa, mass velocities from 400 to 1000 kg·m-2· s-1, inner wall heat fluxes from 300 to 500 kW· m-2 and bulk fluid enthalpy from 800 to 3100 kJ·kg1, to study flow boiling heat transfer characteristics of water in seven vertically-upward spirally-ribbed tubes with different rib structures. Based on the experimental results, effects of pressure, mass velocity and heat flux on flow boiling heat transfer coefficient (HTC) were discussed. It was found that, saturated flow boiling HTC was nearly invariable with an increase in mass velocity, but it increased distinctly with the increase in heat flux. As the pressure increased, the flow boiling HTC increased. Some existing correlations for predicting flow boiling HTC of water in the spirally-ribbed tubes were evaluated with the test data collected from open literatures and obtained in this experiment. On the basis of experimental results of flow boiling heat transfer from open literature and internal report, a new universal correlation for the flow boiling HTC of subcritical pressure water was developed for spirally-ribbed tubes with different rib structures, by introducing suitable dimensionless quantities of the spirally-ribbed tube structures to the existing empirical correlations. It was shown that the values calculated by the new correction are in good agreement with the experimental data for the two new-type spirally-ribbed tubes, indicating that the newly proposed universal correlation could provide good support for the application of the vertically-upward spirally-ribbed tubes. © 2015 The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers.

关键词： Heat flux

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Publisher's Note: Numerical investigation of the yawed wake and its effects on the downstream wind turbine [J. Renewable Sustainable Energy 8, 033303 (2016)]

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Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy 2016年第5期8卷

作者： Miao, Weipao Li, Chun Yang, Jun Xie, Xiaoyun School of Energy and Power Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai200093 China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer in Power Engineering Shanghai200093 China Laboratory of Fluid and Power Machinery Xihua University Jinniu District Sichuan610000 China Shanghai Behr Thermal Systems Co. Pudong District Shanghai201206 China

This article was originally published online on 9 June 2016 with affiliation 3 incorrectly assigned to the second author. Chun Li is not affiliated with the Lab

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Development of cladding oxidation analysis code [COAC] and application for early stage severe accident simulation of AP1000

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Progress in Nuclear Energy 2015年 85卷 352-365页

作者： Mao, keyou Wang, Jun Li, Longze Zhang, Yapei Tian, Wenxi Su, Guanghui Qiu, Suizheng Corradini, Michael L. State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China College of Engineering University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison 53706 United States

Abstract Clad oxidation is an important phenomenon which can affect core degradation under severe accident conditions. The oxidation process always coincides with cladding material embrittlement. The energy released from the oxidation of cladding material can accelerate the accident process, and the hydrogen released from oxidation may threaten the integrity of vessel. As a consequence, the high temperature clad solid-phase oxidation model research and its code development play an important role in reactor safety analysis. To push the research on this region, a clad solid-phase oxidation analysis code (COAC) is developed by Xi'an Jiaotong University. To verify the quality of COAC, CORA-13 is used as a benchmark. The results show that COAC does produce expected values. COAC is then applied to AP1000 severe accident calculations. In this case, the station blackout accident (SBO) is modeled. The response of fuel rods under varying natural circulation conditions while coolant pump idle time is calculated. The calculations show that the oxidation of cladding can delay fracturing, and protect its integrity. Meanwhile, the performances of other oxidation models are explored in this paper. © 2015 Elsevier Ltd.

关键词： AP1000 Clad solid-phase oxidation models COAC Hydrogen generation rate

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