A lab experiment was carried out to study the effects of pipe flow rate, particle concentration and pipe inner diameter ratio on proppant erosion of the reducing wall in hydraulic fracturing. The results show that the...
A lab experiment was carried out to study the effects of pipe flow rate, particle concentration and pipe inner diameter ratio on proppant erosion of the reducing wall in hydraulic fracturing. The results show that the erosion rate and erosion distribution are different not only in radial direction but also in circumferential direction of the sample. The upper part of sample always has a minimum erosion rate and erosion area. Besides, the erosion rate of reducing wall is most affected by fluid flow velocity, and the erosion area is most sensitive to the change in the diameter ratio. Meanwhile, the erosion rate of reducing wall in crosslinked fracturing fluid is mainly determined by the fluid flowing state due to the high viscosity of the liquid. In general, the increase in flow velocity and diameter ratio not only cause the expansion of erosion-affected flow region in sudden contraction section, but also lead to more particles impact the wall.
Ionic rare earth ore is a type of featured rare earth ore in China. Its mining process suffers from a long leaching cycle and considerable consumption of leaching agents. Improving mining efficiency requires a sound p...
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Highly selective production of value-added multicarbon(C2+) products via electrochemical CO2reduction reaction（eCO2RR） on polycrystalline copper（Cu） remains ***,the facile surface modification using poly（α-ethyl...
Highly selective production of value-added multicarbon(C2+) products via electrochemical CO2reduction reaction（eCO2RR） on polycrystalline copper（Cu） remains ***,the facile surface modification using poly（α-ethyl cyanoacrylate）(PECA) is presented to greatly enhance the C2+selectivity for eCO2RR over polycrystalline Cu,with Faradaic efficiency（FE） towards C2+products increased from30.1% for the Cu electrode to 72.6% for the obtained Cu-PECA electrode at -1.1 V *** hydrogen electrode（RHE）.Given the well-determined FEs towards C2+products,the partial current densities for C2+production could be estimated to be-145.4 mA cm-2for the Cu-PECA electrode at -0.9 V *** in a homemade flow ***-situ spectral characterizations and theoretical calculations reveal that PECA featured with electron-accepting-C≡N and-COOR groups decorated onto the Cu electrode could inhibit the adsorption of *H intermediates and stabilize the *CO intermediates,given the redistributed interfacial electron density and the raised energy level of d-band center（Ed） of Cu active sites,thus facilitating the C-C coupling and then the C2+selective *** study is believed to be guidable to the modification of electrocatalysts and electrodes with polymers to steer the surface adsorption behaviors of reaction intermediates to realize practical eCO2RR towards value-added C2+products with high activity and selectivity.
Ni-Fe layered double hydroxide (NiFe-LDH) is regarded as one of the promising non-noble electrocatalyst. However, the limited number of active sites and poor electrical conductivity impede its further development. Her...
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In the originally published article, the title was incorrectly copied from another article. The correct title is "Glucose in Conjunction with Multiple Laser Pulses on Laser Treatment of Port-wine Stain: An in viv...
In the originally published article, the title was incorrectly copied from another article. The correct title is "Glucose in Conjunction with Multiple Laser Pulses on Laser Treatment of Port-wine Stain: An in vivo Study", which is also shown above.
To the Editor,Rheumatoid arthritis(RA)synovitis is characterized by synovial inflammation,characterized by synovial proliferation,neovascularization,and leukocyte infiltration into the joint space,1 leading to irrever...
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To the Editor,Rheumatoid arthritis(RA)synovitis is characterized by synovial inflammation,characterized by synovial proliferation,neovascularization,and leukocyte infiltration into the joint space,1 leading to irreversible cartilage and bone damage.2 This synovial inflammation stimulates the formation of pannus,which is an invasive tumor-like mass,ultimately contributing to the pathogenesis of *** shares several similarities with cancer,including joint pain,swelling,and stiffness,which are accompanied by hypoxia in the synovial tissue and tumor environment.3 Spalt-like transcription factor 4(SALL4)plays an essential role in the occurrence and development of tumors.4 However,SALL4 expression in synovial tissue of RA is yet to be *** study aimed to investigate SALL4 expression in synovial tissue derived from patients with RA,using immunohistochemical techniques.
ZnO thin films in nanorod (NR) and nanoflower (NF) morphologies were used as photoelectrode scaffolds for efficient visible-light-driven photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting process, where their decoration with ...
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ZnO thin films in nanorod (NR) and nanoflower (NF) morphologies were used as photoelectrode scaffolds for efficient visible-light-driven photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting process, where their decoration with copper indium gallium sulfide (CIGS) and indium sulfide (In2S3) layers resulted in significant PEC performance enhancement. ZnO NF/CIGS/In2S3 photoelectrodes exhibited a remarkably high PEC efficiency (∼6.0% applied bias photon-to-current efficiency, 83% incident photon-to-current efficiency) due to the negligible dark current, while ZnO NR/CIGS/In2S3 generated a photocurrent density of ***–2 at 0.4 V (vs Ag/AgCl), being one of the highest performances reported in the literature for copper-based chalcopyrite photoelectrodes so far. The interfacial photoelectrode-electrolyte charge transport dynamics, investigated via intensity-modulated photocurrent spectroscopy, exhibited a sevenfold increase in charge transfer efficiencies with a significant drop in surface recombination kinetics for ZnO NF after CIGS/In2S3 decoration. The obtained results show consistency with numerically modeled electric field distribution profiles and electron paramagnetic resonance results of ZnO NF, rationalizing the enhanced charge transfer rates for decorated samples and confirming the defect passivating nature of CIGS/In2S3.
Photocatalysis has the potential for lignin valorisation to generate functionalised aromatic monomers, but its large-scale application has been limited by the slow conversion rate and the low selectivity to desirable ...
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Safety concerns have perennially impeded the large-scale implementation of high-energy-density storage systems. Nevertheless, because the intrinsic drawbacks of the commercial polyolefin separator are poor thermal sta...
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