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Permeability prediction of considering organic matter distribution based on deep learning

Physics of Fluids 2023年第3期35卷

作者： Hai Sun (孙海) Liang Zhou (周亮) Dongyan Fan (樊冬艳) Lei Zhang (张磊) Yongfei Yang (杨永飞) Kai Zhang (张凯) Jun Yao (姚军) 1Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil and Gas Development China University of Petroleum (East China) Ministry of Education Qingdao 266580 People's Republic of China 2Research Center of Multiphase Flow in Porous Media School of Petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum (East China) Qingdao 266580 People's Republic of China

At present, researchers predict permeability through core experiments that require specific experimental conditions and methods, which are difficult and time-consuming. Conventional simulation methods for predicting permeability require considerable computational resources. Therefore, deep learning can be used as a pore-scale simulation prediction method. In this study, we established a workflow for directly predicting permeability from images. Considering that the mineral properties of the nanopore wall of shale oil have a large influence on the flow, a core dataset with organic distribution was constructed with random circles, and the slip influence of organic pores was considered. From our dataset, we found that the average permeability with organic distribution was 32.3% higher than that without organic distribution. Therefore, to simulate the microscopic flow and predict the permeability of shale oil, considering the differences in the pore flow mechanisms of different minerals is necessary. We designed a convolutional network for the dataset, adopted the structure of SE-ResNet, added the squeeze-and-excitation (SE) module to the double-layer residual module of ResNet18, and combined the characteristics of the SE block with the attention mechanism and ResNet to effectively obtain the information between channels and avoid the problem of gradient disappearance or explosion. Using SE-ResNet for directly predicting the apparent permeability from images, the accuracy of the test set reached 88.5%. The model had strong generalization ability, and the SE-ResNet could map the image of the core to the apparent permeability, which was approximately 100 times faster than the direct flow simulation.

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乙醇-空气混合气预混层流燃烧研究

乙醇-空气混合气预混层流燃烧研究

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2012年中国特种发动机工程及应用学术年会

作者： Zhang Zhiyuan 张志远 Huang Zuohua 黄佐华 Han Shu 韩树 Ma Xiangping 马向平 Huang Jun 黄军 Department of Mechanical Engineering Academy of Armored Forces Engineering Beijing 100072 装甲兵工程学院机械工程系北京 100072 State Key Laboratory of Muhiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Shanxi Xi 'a 西安交通大学动力工程多相流国家重点实验室陕西西安 710049

利用定容燃烧弹研究了不同初始压力、初始温度、气体稀释度和燃空当量比下乙醇-空气-稀释气预混层流燃烧特性.结果表明：对于给定初始压力和温度，乙醇-空气预混合气的质量燃烧率、燃烧压力和温度的最大值均出现在当量比1.1左右，而火... 详细信息

利用定容燃烧弹研究了不同初始压力、初始温度、气体稀释度和燃空当量比下乙醇-空气-稀释气预混层流燃烧特性.结果表明：对于给定初始压力和温度，乙醇-空气预混合气的质量燃烧率、燃烧压力和温度的最大值均出现在当量比1.1左右，而火焰发展期和燃烧期在此当量比下最短，火焰发展期、燃烧期和燃烧压力峰值随初始温度的增加而减小，最高燃烧温度随初始温度的增加而增加，燃烧压力峰值和最高燃烧温度随初始压力的增加而增加，火焰发展期和燃烧期随稀释度的增加而增加，而燃烧压力峰值和最高燃烧温度随稀释度的增加而降低.

关键词：燃烧系统燃料乙醇混合气体温度控制

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Pore-scale simulation of remaining oil distribution in 3D porous media affected by wettability and capillarity based on volume of fluid method

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International Journal of multiphase flow 2021年 143卷

作者： Yongfei Yang Shaobin Cai Jun Yao Junjie Zhong Kai Zhang Wenhui Song Lei Zhang Hai Sun Vadim Lisitsa Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil & Gas Development (China University of Petroleum (East China)) Ministry of Education Qingdao 266580 PR China Research Center of Multiphase Flow in Porous Media School of Petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum (East China) Qingdao 266580 PR China Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics SB RAS Novosibirsk 630090 Russia

Characterizing the trapped phase in porous media is essential for many engineering applications, such as enhanced oil recovery, nuclear storage, and geological sequestration of CO 2 . This study aims to study the distribution, evolution, and influencing factors of the remaining oil in the process of water flooding at the pore scale. The single-connected pore space model was established by reconstructing the real micron CT scanned images of carbonate rocks. The VOF (volume of fluid) method using FSF (filtered surface force) formulation was adopted on OpenFOAM platform to simulate the oil-water two-phase flow process at the pore scale. Different wettability and capillary number were considered in the model. The accuracy of the model was proved by comparing with previous experimental results. The results showed that in the process of water flooding, the complex pore structure would lead to the generation of remaining oil, and the phase circulation phenomenon can be observed in the remaining oil and presents two distribution forms: co-current driven flow and lid-cavity driven flow. It also revealed that the phase recirculation increases the viscous dissipation. Further research also showed that the two forms of recirculation could be transferred by changing the wettability and that a higher capillary number was more beneficial for reducing the remaining oil saturation.

关键词： Pore-scale modeling VOF Remaining oil Phase recirculation Capillary number Wettability

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Changes in relative permeability curves for natural gas hydrate decomposition due to particle migration

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Journal of Natural Gas Science and engineering 2020年 84卷

作者： Yushu Wang Yongfei Yang Ke Wang Liu Tao Jie Liu Chenchen Wang Jun Yao Kai Zhang Wenhui Song Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil & Gas Development (China University of Petroleum (East China)) Ministry of Education Qingdao 266580 PR China Research Center of Multiphase Flow in Porous Media School of Petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum (East China) Qingdao 266580 PR China Hubei Cooperative Innovation Center of Unconventional Oil and Gas Yangtze University Wuhan 430100 China

It is very important to study the fluid flow in a natural gas hydrate (NGH) reservoir for hydrate exploitation. During the decomposition of NGH, some particles fall off and flow with the fluid as a result of poor cementation , which usually leads to sand production in the hydrate mining process. In this study, a three-dimensional pore network model (PNM) was established to simulate the three-phase flow of the gas phase (CH 4 ), water phase, and solid phase (particles). Relevant parameters were set considering the deposition, blockage, and flow in the process of particle migration. Then, the gas–water relative permeability curves under different hydrate saturations, particle diameters, and particle numbers were obtained, considering the influence of the change in the pore-throat space during the hydrate decomposition process . The results showed that the gas–water relative permeability equal points (isotonic points) first turned toward the left and then to the right. The analysis results showed that particle deposition and blockage mainly influenced the relative permeability curves during the early period of the hydrate decomposition process. An increase in the pore-throat space was the main factor affecting the relative permeability curves in the late period of the hydrate decomposition process. Moreover, increasing the particle diameter and number of particles caused the isosmotic points of the relative permeability curves moving to the left as a whole because the pore-throat space decreased. Increasing the number of particles first affected the fluid flow in the hydrate reservoir when the temperature was 280 K, pressure was 5.76 MPa, and hydrate saturation was 0.48. In the actual hydrate mining process, this could cause sudden changes in the relative permeability and production. Thus, this condition needs to be avoided. It has important significance in reference to the process of hydrate mining with sand production.

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Calcined [email protected] @Rh x Ni 1- x : A novel hierarchically oriented composition tunable catalyst for green and sustainable hydrogen generation

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Journal of Environmental Chemical engineering 2022年第3期10卷

作者： Yasir Abbas Zareen Zuhra Sahresh Majeed Muhammad Shuaib Khan Majid Basharat Deependra Tyagi Shafqat Ali Zhanpeng Wu Zhaojun Liu Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology 1088 Xueyuan Blvd Nanshan District Shenzhen 518055 PR China State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 PR China Department of Environment and Civil Engineering Dongguan University of Technology Dongguan 523808 PR China Institute of Chemical Sciences Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan 60800 Pakistan International Research Center for Renewable Energy (IRCRE) State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering (MPFE) Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an 710049 PR China Institute for Advanced Study Shenzhen University Nanhai Avenue 3688 Shenzhen 518060 PR China

The ever decreasing amount of fossil fuels and increasing environmental pollution are alarming threats for green and sustainable future. Designing a new catalyst is, therefore, of paramount significance in the quest to discover sustainable, robust, and environmentally benign materials for clean and sustainable energy generation. Herein, we developed a hierarchically oriented catalyst of calcined poly(ferrocenedimethano)-cyclotriphosphazene-microspheres (CPFC-MS) supported with nickel-aluminum layered double hydroxide and decorated with nanoparticles (NPs) of rhodium-nickel, [email protected] x Ni 1 - x ( x = 2.06–6.75), for H 2 generation from ammonia borane (AB) hydrolysis . The highly active catalyst was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy , high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and TEM, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The as-fabricated [email protected] @Rh x Ni 1- x ( x = 2.06–6.75) catalysts were tested for AB hydrolysis and the results showed remarkable performance and higher stability for H 2 generation. The [email protected] @Rh 2.06 Ni 7.32 catalyst, having the lowest Rh-contents, exhibited maximum H 2 generation with a turn over frequency (TOF) of 780 mol H 2 hr −1 mol Rh −1 and an activation energy (E a ) of 40.3 kJ/mol with excellent sustainability . The superior activity is ascribed to the synergetic effect between RhNi NPs and their well-dispersion over hierarchically oriented [email protected] support, while higher stability due to LDH-AlNi/RhNi attractions. This work will provide new opportunities for polyphosphazenes and LDH derived hierarchically oriented sustainable catalysts for green energy production for sustainable future.

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Multi-scale reconstruction of porous media from low-resolution core images using conditional generative adversarial networks

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Journal of Natural Gas Science and engineering 2022年 99卷

作者： Yongfei Yang Fugui Liu Jun Yao Stefan Iglauer Mozhdeh Sajjadi Kai Zhang Hai Sun Lei Zhang Junjie Zhong Vadim Lisitsa Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil & Gas Development (China University of Petroleum (East China)) Ministry of Education Qingdao 266580 PR China Research Center of Multiphase Flow in Porous Media School of Petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum (East China) Qingdao 266580 PR China Petroleum Engineering Department Edith Cowan University Joondalup Western Australia 6027 Australia Institute of Petroleum Engineering College of Engineering University of Tehran Tehran *** Iran Institute of Mathematics SB RAS Novosibirsk 630090 Russia

Various rocks such as carbonate, coal or shale contain both micro- and macro-pores. To accurately predict the fluid flow and mechanical properties of these porous media, a multi-scale characterization of the pore space is of key importance. Hybrid superposition methods perform well in such multi-scale reconstructions, however, input images with two resolutions (high and low) and different reconstruction methods are required. In addition, the superposition algorithms are complex and human factors can introduce serious bias. Here we thus propose an effective approach based on conditional generative adversarial network (cGAN) for efficient and reliable multi-scale digital rock reconstruction based only on low-resolution core images. High-resolution core images with narrow field of view (FOV) and their corresponding large structure images were thus used to train the cGAN model. The model was validated with real sample images, and the model-generated images exhibited great agreement with the real pore structures. We also demonstrate that the proposed method can generate images independent of the structure size to some extent. This work provides an advanced image-generating model based on deep learning, and therefore aids in better and wider pore-scale characterization and process modeling, to improve understanding of subsurface science and engineering processes.

关键词： Multi-scale Digital rock Generative adversarial network Porous media reconstruction Deep learning

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Decrypting the Controlled Product Selectivity over Ag−Cu Bimetallic Surface Alloys for Electrochemical CO2Reduction

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Angewandte Chemie 2023年第19期135卷

作者： Daixing Wei Yiqing Wang Prof. Chung-Li Dong Zhengqi Zhang Xinyu Wang Dr. Yu-Cheng Huang Yuchuan Shi Xiaoli Zhao Jialin Wang Prof. Ran Long Prof. Yujie Xiong Prof. Fan Dong Prof. Mingtao Li Prof. Shaohua Shen International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China Department of Physics Tamkang University New Taipei City 25137 Taiwan Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Frontiers Science Center for Planetary Exploration and Emerging Technologies School of Chemistry and Materials Science and National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China Research Center for Environmental and Energy Catalysis Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu 611731 China

Electrochemical CO 2 reduction reaction (ECO 2 RR) with controlled product selectivity is realized on Ag−Cu bimetallic surface alloys, with high selectivity towards C2 hydrocarbons/alcohols (≈60 % faradaic efficiency, FE), C1 hydrocarbons/alcohols (≈41 % FE) and CO (≈74 % FE) achieved by tuning surface compositions and applied potentials. In situ spectral investigations and theoretical calculations reveal that surface-composition-dependent d-band center could tune *CO binding strengths, regulating the *CO subsequent reaction pathways and then the product selectivity. Further adjusting the applied potentials will alter the energy of participated electrons, which leads to controlled ECO 2 RR selectivity towards desired products. A predominant region map, with an indicator proposed to evaluate the thermodynamic predominance of the *CO subsequent reactions, is then provided as a reliable theoretical guidance for the controllable ECO 2 RR product selectivity over bimetallic alloys.

关键词： Alloys CO2 Reduction Controlled Product Selectivity Electrochemistry

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Elucidating Confinement and Microenvironment of Ru Clusters Stably Confined in MFI Zeolite for Efficient Propane Oxidation

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Angewandte Chemie 2024年第5期137卷

作者： Jingjing Wang Dr. Zeyu Jiang Hengyue Xu Prof. Xinzhe Li Dr. Yanfei Jian Dr. Lianghui Xia Dr. Pei Su Qiyuan Liu Prof. Shouning Chai Dr. Mudi Ma Dr. Abdallah Amedlous Dr. Mathias Barreau Prof. Zhengping Hao Prof. Jiaguo Yu Prof. Chi He State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 Shaanxi P.R. China Laboratoire Catalyse & Spectrochimie Normandie Univ ENSICAEN UNICAEN CNRS Caen 14000 France Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 P.R. China College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Yanshan University Qinhuangdao 066004 P.R. China National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Material & Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 101408 P.R. China Laboratory of Solar Fuel Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430078 P.R. China

Achieving active and stable heterogeneous catalysts by encapsulating noble metal species within zeolites is highly promising for high utilization and cost efficiency in thermal and environmental catalytic reactions. Ru, considered an economical noble metal alternative with comparable performance, faces great challenges within MFI-type microporous zeolites due to its high cohesive energy and mobility. Herein, an innovative strategy was explored that couples hydrothermal in situ ligand protection with stepwise calcination in a flowing atmosphere to embed ultrasmall Ru clusters anchored at K + -healed silanol sites (≡Si−Ru δ+ −O−K complexes) within 10-membered ring sinusoidal channels of MFI. Comprehensive experiments and theoretical calculations unveiled that the interplay between confined Ru clusters and MFI induces local strain in MFI, creating a unique catalytic microenvironment around the Ru clusters. This synergy interaction enhances alkane deep oxidation as the confined Ru clusters and the MFI microenvironment collectively pre-activate C 3 H 8 and O 2 , facilitate the cleavage of C−H and C−C bonds at low temperatures. Notably, the stable geometric and electronic properties of the confined Ru show exceptional thermal stability up to 1000 °C, rivaling fresh catalysts. These findings shed vital methodological and mechanistic insights for developing efficacious heterogeneous catalysts for thermal catalysis.

关键词： heterogeneous catalysis microenvironment Ruthenium strain zeolite

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Effect of particle content on relative permeabilities in water flooding

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Journal of Petroleum Science and engineering 2021年 205卷

作者： Xiaocong Yu Yushu Wang Yongfei Yang Ke Wang Jun Yao Kai Zhang Hai Sun Lei Zhang Wenhui Song Vadim Lisitsa School of Petroleum Engineering Faculty of Earth Resources China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 PR China Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil & Gas Development (China University of Petroleum (East China)) Ministry of Education Qingdao 266580 PR China Research Center of Multiphase Flow in Porous Media School of Petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum (East China) Qingdao 266580 PR China Institute of Mathematics SB RAS Novosibirsk 630090 Russia

Water flooding is the most widely used method to enhance oil recovery. Simulating the influence of particle content on fluid flow in water flooding process can provide instructive significance for oilfield development. In this paper, a pore network model was established to simulate the transport process of particles in injected water and fallen particles from the reservoir. It was used to study the influence of particle blockage, deposition and migration on the clogged throats and changes of oil-water relative permeability curves. In the model, four parameters were set, fallen particle diameter, injected particle diameter, fallen particle number and injected particle number. Other parameters were fixed and only a variable was changed to explore the changeable rule of relative permeability curves. It can be generally noted that fallen particle changes have great influence on the relative permeability curves of oil phase and injected particle changes mainly affect the relative permeability curves of water phase. It is of great significance for oilfield development to study the influence of particle transportation on fluid seepage processes.

关键词： Water flooding Pore network model Relative permeability curves Particle transportation

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Exploration over combined impacts of modified piston bowl geometry and tert -butyl hydroquinone additive-included biodiesel/diesel blend on diesel engine behaviors

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Fuel 2022年 322卷

作者： Krupakaran Radhakrishnan Lawrence Zuohua Huang Xuan Phuong Nguyen Dhinesh Balasubramanian Vidyasagar Reddy Gangula Raghurami Reddy Doddipalli Van Vang Le Sachuthananthan Bharathy Anh Tuan Hoang Department of Mechanical Engineering Sree Vidyanikethan Engineering College Tirupati Andhra Pradesh India State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi’an 710049 China PATET Research Group Ho Chi Minh City University of Transport Ho Chi Minh City Viet Nam Department of Mechanical Engineering Mepco Schlenk Engineering College Sivakasi India Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen Thailand Center for Alternative Energy Research and Development Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen Thailand Institute of Maritime Ho Chi Minh City University of Transport Ho Chi Minh City Viet Nam Institute of Engineering HUTECH University Ho Chi Minh City Viet Nam

Nowadays, the use of biodiesel for diesel engines has been attracting researchers aiming to improve engine characteristics although the engine performance could be decreased while utilizing biodiesel. In this aspect, optimizing the piston bowl geometry is one of the useful approaches to enhance the efficiency of the biodiesel-powered diesel engine. In this study, the standard piston of an existing diesel engine was modified into two different combustion bowls, namely Symmetrical Stepped Curved-V (SSCV) and Symmetrical Spline-V (SSV), to evaluate the CI engine performance powered with mixtures of sesame-originated biodiesel, diesel fuel, and tert -butyl hydroquinone (TBHQ) additive through two-stage experiment. In the first phase, experiments were carried out on two modified piston bowls powered by diesel and S20 (20% sesame biodiesel + 80% diesel fuel). Resultantly, SSV piston revealed superior engine characteristics to SSCV piston and standard piston due to enhanced air–fuel mixing and more complete combustion of SSV piston-based engine. Indeed, SSV piston operation exhibited an 8.68% of increased brake thermal efficiency (BTE), 6.54% of curtailed brake-specific fuel consumption (BSFC), 4.76% of lowered carbon monoxide (CO), 4.84% of decreased unburnt hydrocarbon (HC), and 2.22% of lowered smoke opacity but with increased nitrogen oxide (NOx) by 14.14% in comparison to diesel. In the 2nd phase, to control the NOx emission effectively, a TBHQ additive was added to the S20 sample at different proportions (500 mg and 1000 mg) to analyze the test engine behaviors with modified piston shapes. As a result, S20 + 500 mg TBHQ at 100% load improved BTE by 5.79% and reduced BSFC by 4.36% in the case of SSV piston. Moreover, it curtailed emissions of CO, HC, NOx, and smoke opacity by 13.33%, 15.49%, 12.09%, and 9.44%, respectively, when equated with diesel. Overall, S20 + 500 mg TBHQ could be thought of as a possible alternative fuel on SSV piston as it resulted in superior p

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