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9th International Symposium on Coal Combustion, ISCC 2019

作者： Ma, Shihao Zhang, Yan Zhu, Zhengrong Deng, Lei Che, Defu State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering School of Energy and Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789811616563

Utilize the biomass energy and adopt carbon capture and storage technologies could reduce the CO2 emission effectively. Biomass gasification is an effective ways to use the biomass. Co-firing biomass syngas with pulverized coal under oxy-fuel condition in utility boiler can combine the two advantages to reduce the CO2 emission. In this paper, a new proposed combustion mechanism was used to investigate the combustion characteristics of co-firing different types biomass syngas and coal in a 660 MW double reheat tower boiler. The influence of syngas composition and oxy-fuel condition on temperature distributions and flue gas components was analyzed when total input heat of the boiler was steady. The results show that the temperature and the emission of the NO and CO2 decrease in co-firing conditions, the NO mass concentration reduced up to 10.2% in co-firing cases. Biomass syngas with higher H2 and less CO and CH4 composition contributes to lower CO2 emission and higher boiler temperature, which can improve plant performance. The oxy-fuel condition also affects the combustion characteristics to some extent. With the increase of O2 volume fraction, the temperature increases and the O2 consumption decreases. Moreover, the NO mass concentration increases in oxy-fuel combustion when co-firing biomass syngas and coal with a mixing ratio of 0.1. This study offers reference for boiler’s operation and design optimization for biomass syngas co-firing. © 2022, Tsinghua University Press.

关键词： Coal

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Numerical simulation and structural optimization of spiral finned tube thermal energy storage

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International Journal of Advanced Nuclear Reactor Design and Technology 2023年第3期5卷 123-136页

作者： Ma, Yunfei Meng, Yu Li, Jingyu Chen, Weixiong Yang, Xiaohu Li, Shaodan Chong, Daotong Yan, Junjie State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China Wuhan Second Ship Design and Research Institute Wuhan430205 China

Thermal energy storage (TES) has emerged as a promising solution to enhance nuclear safety by passively removing decay heat during reactor shutdown and accidents, thus preventing overheating of the reactor core and protecting the integrity of containment barriers. The research of TES with different structures has broad application prospects and practical significance. In this study, the melting process of phase change material (PCM) in various TES structures was simulated by the numerical simulation method in two and three dimensions. The mechanism of gravity-driven natural convection enhancing heat transfer was revealed. The effects of different TES structures, fin pitch, fin height, and fin thickness on heat transfer performance were studied. The results showed that many vortices formed by liquid PCM are the main reason for enhancing the natural convection. Adding fins could greatly accelerate the heat storage process. The melting time of PCM in annular and spiral finned tube TES was 47.3% and 61.3% less than that in smooth tube TES, respectively. In the present study, the heat transfer effect was enhanced as the spiral fin pitch became small, the fin height increased and the fin thickness increased. Two opposite effects of fin structure on the natural convection were revealed: (1) positive effect provided by heat transfer enhancement and (2) negative effect produced by blockage. © 2023 Xi'an Jiaotong University

关键词： Phase change materials

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Performance of different flocculants for harvesting Chlorella vulgaris by dissolved air flotation and sedimentation

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Bioresource Technology 2025年

作者： X. Wei N.R.H. Rao S. Tyagi W. Thielemans W. Cao L.J. Guo K. Muylaert State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an 710049 Shaanxi China Laboratory of Aquatic Biology KU Leuven Campus Kulak Kortrijk 8500 Kortrijk Belgium Sustainable Materials Laboratory Department of Chemical Engineering KU Leuven Campus Kulak Kortrijk 8500 Kortrijk Belgium

This study systematically evaluated the performance of dissolved air flotation and sedimentation for harvesting Chlorella vulgaris using eight different flocculants. Significant variation was observed in both the maximum harvesting efficiency and the minimum effective flocculant dose across different flocculant-process combinations. Among the tested flocculants, pyridinium modified cellulose nanocrystals achieved the highest harvesting efficiency of 99 % in both dissolved air flotation and sedimentation, while chitosan required the lowest minimum flocculant dose (∼2 mg·g −1 ) to induce flocculation. The impact of floc size formed during the flocculation step on harvesting performance was also investigated, revealing that large flocs significantly favored sedimentation-based microalgae harvesting. A preliminary cost analysis highlighted the importance of integrating economic considerations into the selection of both flocculant and harvesting method. The findings suggest that optimal flocculant and process selection should be based not only on harvesting efficiency but also on cost-effectiveness for microalgal biomass recovery.

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Theoretical and experimental advances on heat transfer and flow characteristics of metal foams

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2020年第5期63卷 705-718页

作者： WANG Hui GUO LieJin CHEN Kang School of Environmental Science and Engineering Donghua UniversityShanghai 201620China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China Institute of Solar Engineering Technology Northwest Engineering Corporation LimitedPowerChinaXi’an 710065China

Open cell metal foam can be applied to greatly improve thermal performance of heat sink and heat exchanger,so that it has been widely used in the fields of thermal(or heat)control system of aerospace vehicle and energy utilization system and become a very important topic for research in the aerospace thermophysics field,and more and more attentions have been *** optimal design of metal foam heat transfer devices is based on the understanding the flow and heat transfer characteristics in metal *** article reviews some recent progresses of theoretical and experimental researches on heat transfer enhancement and flow characteristics of metal *** found that the pore cell simplification models of metal foams generally fall into four categories,among which the most commonly used cell model is Kelivin *** exploratory works performed by the current authors are also introduced,such as the effect of boundary conditions on the heat transfer enhancement;the theoretical modelling of interfacial convective heat transfer taking into account heat conduction between foam ligaments;and the flow characteristics under relatively high *** analytical results show that the flow characteristics of metal foam at relatively high speed are completely different from those at low speed,a further thorough study of the heat transfer and flow characteristics of metal foam is necessarily *** this paper,two types of partial filling techniques are *** heat transfer performance of partially filled tubes was evaluated by both the performance evaluation criteria and the performance evaluation plot of enhanced heat transfer techniques oriented for *** results show that the filling type of metal foam have a significant impact on its heat transfer enhancement ***,the filling method of metal foam should be further studied,in order to optimize the thermophysical properties of heat transfer devices.

关键词： metal foam effective thermal conductivity interfacial convective heat transfer coefficient heat transfer enhancement thermal radiation

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Simulation Investigation on NOx Emission Characteristics and Mechanisms During Co-combustion of Fossil Fuels with Different Fuel-Nitrogen Distributions via CHEMKIN 9th

Simulation Investigation on NOx Emission Characteristics and...

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9th International Symposium on Coal Combustion, ISCC 2019

作者： Wang, Chaowei Wang, Chang’an Zhao, Lin Yuan, Maobo Wang, Pengqian Du, Yongbo Che, Defu State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering School of Energy and Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789811616563

There are over 100 million tons of semi-coke produced in China every year, and use of the semi-coke in utility coal-fired boilers is a promising approach. In this paper, a blending model of semi-coke and bituminous coal was established via CHEMKIN. The NOx emission was investigated by analyses of sensitivity and production rate, while the effects of stoichiometric ratio of main combustion zone, blending ratio, and combustion temperature on migration of fuel nitrogen were further elucidated. The simulation results showed that the conversion ratio of NOx increased monotonically with an increase in the stoichiometric ratio of main combustion zone. The temperature of plug flow reactor (PFR) I exhibited a significant effect on NOx emission, but other reactors had limited influences. The NOx conversion ratio was enlarged with the increase of semi-coke blending ratio. The influence of blending proportion on NOx emission was significant when the stoichiometric ratio of main combustion zone was small. Compared with high blending ratio, the main reactions with low blending ratio had stronger inhibitory effect on the formation of NO. The present study was of guiding significance for reducing NOx emission in the utility boilers co-firing semi-coke. © 2022, Tsinghua University Press.

关键词： Sensitivity analysis

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Extra contribution to the crystal stability of insensitive explosive TATB: The cooperativity of intermolecular interactions

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2023年第7期25卷 88-98页

作者： Zhi-xiang Zhang Yi-tao Si Tao Yu Wei-peng Lai Yi-ding Ma Mao-chang Liu Ying-zhe Liu Bo-zhou Wang State Key Laboratory of Fluorine&Nitrogen Chemicals Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research InstituteXi'an710065PR China International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an710049PR China

An in-depth analysis on the cooperativity of intermolecular interactions including hydrogen bonding andπ-π stacking in 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene(TATB) crystal was studied. Two quantities, cooperativity rate and energy, were defined to evaluate the nature and strength of cooperativity in a series of clusters diverging from 1D to 3D prototypes. The origin and mechanism of the cooperative effect were settled to demonstrate that the nature of cooperativity is determined by whether the non-covalent interactions compete or promote with each other, which is manifested by the changing trend of electron transfer. There exists obvious cooperative effect in intra-layer and inter-layer structures as they own the equivalent non-covalent interactions, while anti-cooperative effect is also observed if two interactions correlate with each other. On the whole, in the process of crystal formation, the apparent cooperativity is the check and balance of the two effects, which is capable to support a global interaction among all of molecules and contribute to the stabilization of system. Based on the results, one may get a new insight to understand the relationship between non-covalent interactions and low impact sensitivity.

关键词： Cooperativity Non-covalent interaction Low-sensitivity Explosives Charge transfer

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Synthesis of a novel ZnMoS4 photocatalyst and its performance for photocatalytic production of hydrogen

Synthesis of a novel ZnMoS4 photocatalyst and its performanc...

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16th World Hydrogen Energy Conference 2006, WHEC 2006

作者： Liang, Huirong Liu, Guanjie Zhang, Yaojun Guo, Liejin State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering School of Energy and Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University 710049 Xi'an China

ISBN: (纸本)9781622765409

The production of hydrogen by photocatalytic decomposition of water using zinc tetrathiomolybdate catalyst was studied. Zinc tetrathiomolybdate catalyst was prepared by coprecipitation and hydrothermal method based on ZnSO 4 and self-prepared [NH4]2MoS4 crystal. It was characterized by XRD, XRF, BET and UV-Vis spectra. The photocatalytic activities of the catalysts were ascertained by the production of hydrogen in an aqueous Na2S-Na2SO3 solution under the ultraviolet and visible light irradiation. It was observed that the photocatalysts showed the visible-light photocatalytic activity, and the ZnMoS4 photocatalyst prepared under hydrothermal condition for about 24h had the highest activity.

关键词： Photocatalysts

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Novel Matching Strategy for the Coupling of Heat Flux in Furnace Side and CO_(2)Temperature in Tube Side to Control the Cooling Wall Temperatures

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Journal of Thermal Science 2021年第4期30卷 1251-1267页

作者： LIU Chao MIAO Zheng XU Jinliang XU Zeyu LI Mingjia Beijing Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer for Low Grade Energy Utilization North China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China Key Laboratory of Power Station Energy Transfer Conversion and System North China Electric Power UniversityMinistry of EducationBeijing 102206China Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering of Ministry of Education School of Energy&Power EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China

Required by the supercritical carbon dioxide(s CO_(2))coal-fired power cycle,s CO_(2)entering a boiler has a high temperature and can cause overheating of *** eliminate the pressure drop penalty effect,the s CO_(2)boiler consists of several modules,each having different heat flux received from the furnace side(q)and different CO_(2)temperature in the cooling wall tube(T_f).We aim to search for the best matching strategy coupling furnace side and tube side to obtain the lowest temperature of *** theoretically analyzing the wall temperature influenced by q,T_f and a comprehensive thermal resistance C,two matching methods are introduced:the heat flux-temperature matching(HTM)which matches higher q with lower T_f,and the heat flux-heat flux matching(HHM)that matches higher q with higher allowable-heat-flux at the temperature limit of *** is a conventional method but HHM is newly proposed *** show that,if C is identical for different modules,the two methods coincide;otherwise,HHM is *** a s CO_(2)boiler driving 1000 MWe power plant,smaller cooling wall temperatures are obtained by HHM than *** on HHM,the mid-partition wall,heat transfer enhancement,and downward flow are comprehensively used,decreasing the wall temperature significantly.

关键词： sCO_(2)power cycle sCO_(2)modular boiler cooling wall temperature allowable heat flux matching strategy

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A state-of-the-art review on the utilization of biochar as renewable energy for the sustainable steel industry

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Applied Energy 2025年 394卷

作者： Shan Ren Siyi Yang Hongsheng Chen Liang Wang Manyi Liu Guangwei Wang Chunbao Xu College of Materials Science and Engineering Chongqing University Chongqing 400044 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering School of Energy and Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science & Tech. Beijing Beijing 100083 China School of Energy and Environment City University of Hong Kong Kowloon Hong Kong

The steel industry is a major contributor to global anthropogenic CO₂ emissions, accounting for nearly 10 % of the total. Within this sector, ironmaking processes, particularly those using the traditional blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace route, are responsible for almost 90 % of the industry's CO₂ emissions. Biochar, derived from renewable feedstocks, offers a sustainable and eco-friendly alternative to fossil fuels for ironmaking. This review examines the cutting-edge techniques for producing biochar and recent advancements in utilizing biochar across various ironmaking processes, including sintering/pelletizing, coke making, blast furnace injection, and direct reduction iron processes, with a focus on reducing CO₂ emissions. Despite demonstrated benefits such as reduced pollution, improved burden permeability, and enhanced gas utilization efficiency in pilot and industrial trials, large-scale biochar application remains limited by the varying quality requirements of different processes. Innovatively, a green hydrogen-metallurgical route that utilizes hydrogen-rich syngas derived from biomass and biochar is proposed in this work, serving as a comprehensive solution to address the challenges associated with the quality discrepancies of biochar produced by different carbonization methods and the diverse quality requirements for biochar in various ironmaking processes. This solution not only underscores its potential to significantly transform the iron and steel industry towards a more sustainable and low-carbon future, but also highlights the innovative contributions of this research to the fields of renewable energy, solid waste resources, metallurgical industry, and global climate change.

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Exhaust recovery of vehicle gasoline engine based on organic rankine cycle

Exhaust recovery of vehicle gasoline engine based on organic...

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SAE 2011 World Congress and Exhibition

作者： Zhang, Xinxin Zeng, Ke Bai, Sujuan Zhang, Ying He, Maogang State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'An Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710049 China

When the global energy consumption continues to increase, the research hotspot in the field of internal combustion engine (ICE) is how to improve the fuel utilization efficiency to achieve the energy saving. But as far as the engine efficiency is concerned, it has been very difficult to improve the fuel utilization efficiency after the Gasoline Direct-Injection (GDI) and Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) technology were adopted. In this study, the exothermic distribution of fuel was studied detailedly when a TOYOTA 8A-FE gasoline engine operated at different working conditions through conducting steady-state experiment. Only one third of fuel's chemical energy is converted into effective work by engine, the rest is released to the environment in the form of waste heat generated from cooling and exhaust gas. But except the waste heat that has to be released to the environment according to the second law of thermodynamics, the rest can be theoretically utilized. If the waste heat of the vehicle engine can be recovered, the engine efficiency will be evidently improved. Results on the exergy analysis show that the exergy in the exhaust gas is about 45-70% and it will evidently increase with the increase of engine load and revolution. So it will have a good effect on exhaust recovery when the engine has a heavy load. Considering the character of exhaust gas, the Organic Rankine Cycle(ORC) is adopted to recover the waste heat of engine's exhaust gas. The thermodynamic performances of the cycle were analyzed and R113 was determined to be the working fluid. The experimental exhaust gas recovery system used to testify the aforementioned theoretical calculation was designed and established. The system consists of exhaust gas simulation device, expander, condenser, dynamometer, pump and data acquisition and processing system. In experiment, the performance parameter and power output of the Organic Rankine Cycle were measured. The expander show a high isentropic ef

关键词： Recovery

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