The rational disposal of waste tires poses a ubiquitous challenge globally. Pyrolytic carbon black, a solid by-product produced through pyrolysis, has great application prospects. Carbon-based materials are regard as ...
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The pool boiling heat transfer properties of uniform micro-pin-finned surface, hydrophilic and hydrophobic surface were evaluated by employing FC-72 as the working medium. Three hydrophilic and hydrophobic coupled rec...
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Pool boiling heat transfer can fully utilize the latent heat of the vaporization, to meet the heat dissipation needs of high-power electronic components. In this study, several enhanced hybrid surfaces were designed a...
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The diameter parameters of tubes can affect flow and heat transfer characteristics of supercritical fluids, which is crucial for improving the efficiency and safe operation of thermal power generation systems. Based o...
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In this paper, cotton stalk (CS) and Chinese fir sawdust (FS) were treated for hydrothermal pretreatment with or without H2O2, and then respectively pyrolyzed and activated to prepare biochar pellets and activated car...
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Battery energy storage systems become increasingly important to address the intermittency of renewable energies, but their widespread adoption is still hindered by thermal concerns. However, a single thermal managemen...
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Flue gas recirculation and steam injection are employed in hydrogen-rich gas turbines to stabilize fuel reactivity and improve cycle efficiency, introducing high water vapor content into the combustion chamber and the...
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Flue gas recirculation and steam injection are employed in hydrogen-rich gas turbines to stabilize fuel reactivity and improve cycle efficiency, introducing high water vapor content into the combustion chamber and thereby necessitating an investigation of water-fuel interactions at elevated temperatures. This study employed UV laser absorption diagnostics behind reflected shock waves to conduct in situ measurements of the ȮH concentration time-histories during the oxidation of CH4/H2/H2O/O2/Ar mixtures at pressures of approximately 1.3, 5.0, and 15.2 atm and temperatures ranging from 1225 to 1888 K with varying hydrogen blending and water addition ratios. The absorption lineshapes of the ȮH R1(5) transition in the A-X(0,0) vibronic band were characterized after broadening and shifting in Ar at different pressures, with diagnostic center wavelengths set at 306.6868 nm (1.3 atm), 306.6874 nm (5.0 atm), and 306.6886 nm (15.2 atm), respectively. The obtained ȮH concentration time-history data were compared in detail with predictions from eight representative reaction kinetic models, and the predictive capability of the models for ȮH behavior was quantitatively assessed using the error function method. NUIGMech1.1 exhibited superior performance in predicting ȮH behavior and was subsequently selected for kinetic analysis to elucidate stage-specific micro-mechanisms and identify key reactions driving the concentration evolution. The activating effect of H2 on ȮH behavior during CH4 oxidation was investigated. Results indicate that higher hydrogen levels intensify hydrogen-related reaction pathways, expanding the radical pools (H, ȮH, and Ö), thereby promoting fuel consumption through Ḣ-atom abstraction reactions. Additionally, by introducing weak collision H2O* and inert H2O**, the thermodynamic and kinetic effects of water were distinguished. The results show that under the current conditions, H2O primarily affects ȮH behavior through direct participation in reactions rat
Phosphorus is a very important element in both chemical and biological fields. The primary industrial production method of yellow phosphorus is mixing phosphorus ore, silica, and coke, which then undergo carbothermal ...
Phosphorus is a very important element in both chemical and biological fields. The primary industrial production method of yellow phosphorus is mixing phosphorus ore, silica, and coke, which then undergo carbothermal reduction reactions at high temperature. Most of the current studies regard the kinetics as a single-step kinetics and ignore the complexity of its process. This study uses isoconversional methods to prove that the process has complex kinetics and can be divided into two stages according to the conversion rate(α), controlled by chemical reaction (0.1＜α＜0.65) and diffusion (0.65＜α＜0.85). The master plot method indicates that the first stage aligned with the F n model, whereas the second stage does not correspond to any of the models. The activation energies of these two stages are found to be 247.246 kJ/mol and 326.593 kJ/mol, respectively, by nonlinear fitting. In addition, albite is added to the system as a flux. It significantly enhances the reaction at 1623.15 K. In only 30 min, α reaches 94.421 %, reducing the time needed by approximately 40 %. The analysis indicates that this system should also be divided into two stages, 0.1＜α＜0.7 and 0.7＜α＜0.85, and has the same model matching situation as the system without albite. At this point, the activation energies of the two stages are 278.039 kJ/mol and 299.451 kJ/mol, respectively. Furthermore, combined with the mechanism analysis, this study provides a theoretical basis for the optimization of industrial phosphorus production.
The increasing integration of intermittent renewable energy sources has heightened the need for enhanced deep peaking and operational flexibility within thermal power plants. This trend poses an enormous threat to the...
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