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SSRN 2022年

作者： Sun, Tianli Wu, Ye Mei, Jian Han, Yinghui Cai, Tianyi Liu, Dong MIIT Key Laboratory of Thermal Control of Electronic Equipment School of Energy and Power Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing210094 China Advanced Combustion Laboratory School of Energy and Power Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing210094 China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer in Power Engineering School of Energy and Power Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai200093 China

Improving combustion efficiency of diesel engine is very important in the current background of carbon neutralization because sufficient combustion means low pollutant emission and little energy waste. In past studies, catalytic coatings were used in diesel engine to speed up fuel-burning rates and reduce emissions caused by insufficient combustion. Insufficient combustion mainly in high temperature and low oxygen area, using oxygen carrier as the coating material for the combustor surface to support additional –O and regulate the combustion process also is a promising strategy. A desired Fe-based oxygen carrier with excellent redox capability and stability was fabricated to convert fuel pyrolysis products into CO2, H2O and extra heat to improve the fuel combustion efficiency. A range of cerium modified Fe2O3 oxygen carriers were prepared and tested with ethylene as a representative fuel to investigate the redox capability and stability during fuel pyrolysis process. In addition, the gas-solid surface reaction of ethylene and iron oxide was studied by density functional theory (DFT) to illustrate their good reactivity and the mechanism of doping optimization. It was found that when using the FeCe-2 oxygen carrier with the mole ration of Fe and Ce is 9:1 during ethylene pyrolysis process, the ethylene was oxidized most sufficiently (CO2 yield>92%). DFT simulation showed that Ce doping improved the reactivity of surface oxygen. Experimental data and characterization analysis showed that the addition of Ce improved oxygen vacancy capacity to enhance the oxidation for the pyrolysis products. Due to the role of both, the ethylene and its pyrolysis products were converted into CO2 and H2O quickly and effectively. The obtained results indicate that FeCe-2 is the potential oxygen carrier coating material for combustion efficiency improvement. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Carbon dioxide

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Numerical Investigations for the Pcm and Liquid Immersion Cooling Effects on Lithium Ion Battery Thermal Runaway Mitigation

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Liu, Xinyu Zhou, Zhifu Wu, Wei-Tao Wei, Lei Wu, Weixiong Li, Yang Gao, Linsong Li, Yubai Song, Yongchen Key Laboratory of Ocean Energy Utilization and Energy Conservation of Ministry of Education Dalian University of Technology Dalian116024 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China School of Mechanical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing210094 China Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518055 China Energy and Electricity Research Center Jinan University Zhuhai519070 China

In this study, a three-dimensional (3D) thermal runaway (TR) model with conjugate heat transfer submodel is adopted. TR behaviors for a battery pack with 12 prismatic LIBs are then simulated. Three thermal safety measures of TR protection from internal shorting in Cell 1 to pack level configuration are compared and evaluated. Paraffin phase change material (PPCM) is firstly proposed to delay the TR propagation between LIBs with solid-liquid phase change as heat transfer mechanism. Different thicknesses of PPCMs are compared to verify the TR mitigation performance of the PPCM under thermal abuse condition. The TR time for the Cell 2 is delayed to be 64 s, 266 s and 414 corresponding to PPCM thickness of 1.8 mm, 3.6 mm and 5.4 mm. As the simulation results shows, this TR time can be further delayed to 798 s by a strategy with combing PPCM with insulation. In addition, this work proposes a novel thermal safety protection based on immersion cooling with pool boiling of fluorinated liquid as heat transfer mechanism. We observe that the average temperature of Cell 2 - Cell 12 tends to be within 34oC under immersive cooling condition, which indicates the possibility to prevent the TR. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Lithium-ion batteries

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Heterogeneous nanocomposites consisting of Pt_(3)Co alloy particles and CoP_(2) nanorods towards high-efficiency methanol electro-oxidation

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SmartMat 2021年第2期2卷 234-245页

作者： Niuwa Yang Dong Chen Penglei Cui Tingyu Lu Hui Liu Chaoquan Hu Lin Xu Jun Yang State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Nanjing IPE Institute of Green Manufacturing Industry NanjingJiangsuChina Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power Batteries School of Chemistry and Materials ScienceNanjing Normal UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina

Heterogeneous nanocomposites comprising chemically distinct constituents are particularly promising in *** herein report a synthetic strategy that combines the reduction of Pt and Co ionic precursors at an appropriate ratio with the subsequent phosphating at an elevated temperature for forming heterogeneous nanocomposites consisting of quasi-spherical Pt_(3)Co alloy domains and rod-like CoP_(2) domains for high-efficiency methanol *** strong electronic coupling between Pt_(3)Co and CoP_(2) domains in the nanocomposites render the electron density around Pt atoms to decrease,which is favorable for reducing the adsorption of poisoning CO-like intermediates on the catalyst ***,the as-prepared heterogeneous Pt_(3)Co–CoP_(2) nanocomposites show good performance for methanol electrooxidation both in acidic and alkaline *** specific,at a Pt loading of only 6.4%on a common carbon substrate,the mass-based activity of Pt_(3)Co–CoP_(2) nanocomposites in an acidic medium is about 2 and 1.5 times as high as that of commercial Pt/C catalyst(20%mass loading)and home-made Pt_(3)Co alloy nanoparticles(8.0%mass loading),while in the alkaline medium,these values are 3 and 2,respectively.

关键词： electrocatalysis electronic coupling methanol electro-oxidation nanocomposite Pt_(3)Co-CoP_(2)

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Numerical Study on Thermal-Hydraulic Characteristics of Lead-Bismuth Loop System Under Moving Conditions

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Yuan, Lanfei Wang, Chenglong Liu, Zhipeng Tian, Wenxi Qiu, Suizheng Su, G.H. Department of Nuclear Science and Technology State Key Lab. of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Shaanxi Key Lab. of Advanced Nuclear Energy and Technology Xi’an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Xi'An710049 China

The investigation of flow and heat transfer of lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE) under moving conditions is vital to the design optimization of LBE loop system in offshore engineering. In this paper, the calculation model of lead-bismuth loop system and the calculation method of moving conditions are developed by using commercial CFD software, and experiments were carried out to verify the numerical results. The calculation results demonstrate that the moving conditions will cause periodic fluctuations in the natural circulation flow rate of the loop system. The period of the flow rate fluctuation is consistent with the motion period, and the amplitude of the fluctuation will increase with the increase of the maximum range of motion and the decrease of the motion period. When the maximum heaving amplitude is 0.3m and the period is 8s, the instantaneous fluctuation of the flow rate reaches a maximum of 0.8%, and the reverse flow phenomenon occurs under rolling motion. Rolling and heaving motion also make heat transfer characteristic parameters of the system have periodic instantaneous fluctuation. The maximum instantaneous fluctuation of Nu number reaches 4.63%, and the maximum time average Nu can reach -2.15% under heaving motion of 0.3m-8s. In addition, the influence of rolling on system parameters is more severe than that of heaving. These results obtained in this study have important engineering application value for the design of LBE loop system under moving conditions. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Computational fluid dynamics

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Supercritical Water Gasification of Phenol with Metal Cations-A Way to Degrade Coal Industrial Wastewater and Metal-Contaminated Wastewater Simultaneously

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Cao, Wen Wang, Shaoqi Ma, Lujing Liu, Shi Jin, Hui Wei, Wenwen Guo, Liejin State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xianning West Road Xi’an710049 China Suzhou Academy of Xi’an Jiaotong University No.99 Ren’ai Road Jiangsu Suzhou215123 China

Phenol is a representative compound in coal industrial wastewater. Metal cations are the main harmful components in the wastewater of the electroplating and dyeing industries. Supercritical water gasification (SCWG) of phenol with metal cations could provide a promising way to degrade coal chemical wastewater and metal-containing wastewater simultaneously. In this study, SCWG of phenol with Mg2+, Mn2+, and Ni2+ was carried out to investigate the effect of metal cations on gasification results. Results showed that gaseous product was mainly composed of H2, CO, CH4 and CO2, and CO2 was the dominant one. Prolonging residence time and increasing the concentration of metal cations significantly increased the gas yield of CO2 and carbon gasification efficiency. Higher concentrations of metal cations facilitated methane-reforming reaction and water-gas shift reaction. Metal cations promoted the generation of 1-Ethoxybutane by the ring-breaking reaction and prevented the polymerization reaction. The order of catalytic effect was ranked as Ni2+>Mn2+>Mg2+. Mg2+, Mn2+ and Ni2+ were finally transformed into the corresponding metal hydroxides and metal oxides which could be recycled for reutilization. NiO could be reduced into metallic Ni, which consumed the H2 but effectively catalyzed SCWG of phenol. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Phenols

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Numerical study on the mechanism of drag modulation by dispersed drops in two-phase Taylor-Couette turbulence

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Su, Jinghong Yi, Lei Zhao, Bidan Wang, Cheng Xu, Fan Wang, Junwu Sun, Chao New Cornerstone Science Laboratory Center for Combustion Energy Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education Department of Energy and Power Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences P. O. Box 353 Beijing100190 China Department of Engineering Mechanics School of Aerospace Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China

The presence of a dispersed phase can significantly modulate the drag in turbulent systems. We derived a conserved quantity that characterizes the radial transport of azimuthal momentum in the fluid-fluid two-phase Taylor-Couette turbulence. This quantity consists of contributions from advection, diffusion, and two-phase interface, which are closely related to density, viscosity, and interfacial tension, respectively. We found from interface-resolved direct numerical simulations that the presence of the two-phase interface consistently produces a positive contribution to the momentum transport and leads to drag enhancement, while decreasing the density and viscosity ratios of the dispersed phase to the continuous phase reduces the contribution of local advection and diffusion terms to the momentum transport, respectively, resulting in drag reduction. Therefore, we concluded that the decreased density ratio and the decreased viscosity ratio work together to compete with the presence of two-phase interface for achieving drag modulation in fluid-fluid two-phase turbulence. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Drag

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Evaluation of stability and catalytic activity of Ni catalysts for hydrogen production by biomass gasification in supercritical water

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Carbon Resources Conversion 2019年第1期2卷 95-101页

作者： Youjun Lu Hui Jin Rui Zhang State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering(SKLMFPE) Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049ShaanxiChina

Supercritical water gasification is a promising technology for wet biomass *** this paper,Ni and other metal catalysts were synthesized by wet *** stability and catalytic activities of Ni catalysts were ***,catalytic activities of Ni,Fe,Cu catalysts supported on MgO were tested using wheat straw as raw material in a batch reactor at 723 K and water density of 0.07 cm^(3)/*** results showed that the order of metal catalyst activity for hydrogen generation was Ni/MgO>Fe/MgO>Cu/***,the influence of different supports on Ni catalysts performance was *** results showed that the order of the Ni catalysts’activity with different supports was Ni/MgO>Ni/ZnO>Ni/Al_(2)O_(3)>Ni/ZrO_(2).Finally,the effects of Ni loading and the amount of Ni catalyst addition on hydrogen production,and the stability of Ni/MgO catalyst were *** was found that serious deactivation of Ni catalyst in the process of supercritical water gasification took *** if carbon deposited on the catalyst surface was removed by high temperature calcination and the catalyst was reduced with hydrogen,the activity of used catalyst was only partially restored.

关键词： Ni catalyst Deactivation Biomass gasification Supercritical water Hydrogen production

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Experimental Study on Thermoelectric Characteristics of Heat Pipe Reactor (Nuster-100) Single Assembly

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Yang, Haiwang Wang, Chenglong Tian, Wenxi Qiu, Suizheng Su, Guanghui H. Department of Nuclear Science and Technology State Key Lab. of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Shaanxi Key Lab. of Advanced Nuclear Energy and Technology Xi’an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Xi’an710049 China

The heat pipe cooled reactor has the advantages of miniaturization,modularization and high inherent safety,having broad application prospects in the fields of national defense and military,space exploration and energy supply in remote *** this paper, a heat pipe-thermoelectric generator integrated experimental device similar to the heat pipe cooled reactor (NUSTER-100) Single Assembly is *** heat transfer performance of sodium heat pipe and thermoelectric performance of Half-Heusler thermoelectric generator are *** results show that after the sodium heat pipe is started,the axial temperature difference of the heat pipe is 85°C,the equivalent heat transfer coefficient is 40886W/K·m,which can provide stable heat to the thermoelectric *** performance parameters of thermoelectric generator such as open voltage,output power increase with the hot side temperature *** maximum thermoelectric conversion efficiency of single thermoelectric generator reaches 7.2%,but the efficiency of integrated experimental device is only 3.5%. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Heat pipes

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Pore Scale Characterization of Gas–Water flow in Heterogeneous Layered Sandstone

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Energy & Fuels 2023年第24期37卷 19538-19547页

作者： Yongfei Yang Weichen Sun Hai Sun Lei Zhang Junjie Zhong Kai Zhang Jun Yao National Key Laboratory of Deep Oil and Gas China University of Petroleum (East China) Qingdao 266580 P. R. China Research Center of Multiphase Flow in Porous Media School of Petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum (East China) Qingdao 266580 P. R. China

The existence of beddings and abundant interlayers in sandstone reservoirs severely hinders the exploration and extraction of sandstone gas reservoir resources. In this study, layered heterogeneous sandstone cores were constructed to explore the impact of sandstone layered heterogeneity on gas–water flow, and the gas–water displacement process was imaged by using X-ray tomography. The changes in the fluid distribution were studied with the help of imaging data. After displacement began, under the influence of heterogeneity, fluid entered the dominating channel made up of big pores preferentially, which had a poor displacement effect in the low permeability layer. In the low permeability layer, a large amount of residual gas was stranded downstream in dead-end corners because there were no efficient seepage channels. Using the residual gas’s shape and distribution properties, three categories─network, multiple, and singlet─were divided. The results show that, with the succession, the large-volume connected network residual gas dominant in pore space was dispersed into smaller multiple residual gas; due to poor connection, the initial percentage of the network residual gas in the low permeability layer of the core was lower than the initial percentage of the network residual gas in the high permeability layer, and the extent of the network residual gas’ dispersion was also less than in the core’s high permeability layer; after increasing back pressure, due to the difficulty in retaining multiple residual gas in the core’s high permeability layer, in comparison to the core’s low permeability layer, the core’s high permeability layer had a larger fraction of singlet residual gas. Only multiple and singlet residual gas remained in the pore space. This study offers fundamental knowledge for the investigation of the gas–water flow law in heterogeneous sandstone, which may help to further enhance the gas reservoir recovery in heterogeneous sandstone.

关键词： Cluster chemistry Fluids Layers Permeability Water

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Neural network-based interface reconstruction algorithm for two-phase fluid flow

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Fundamental Research 2025年

作者： Gong, Junhua Chen, Yujie Yu, Bo Sun, Dongliang Wang, Bohong Shi, Guoyun Chen, Bin State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China School of Mechanical Engineering Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology Beijing 102617 China School of Petroleum Engineering Yangtze University Wuhan 430100 China National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Harbor Oil & Gas Storage and Transportation Technology/Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pollution Control for Port-Petrochemical Industry Zhejiang Ocean University Zhoushan 316022 China Kunlun Digital Intelligence Technology Company Beijing 102266 China

In two-phase fluid flow, the vapor-liquid interface tends to behave as a curved shape under the influence of surface tension. Curve reconstruction favors improving the resolution of bubbles or droplets in numerical studies. Based on artificial neural network (ANN) and convolutional neural network (CNN), two curve reconstruction algorithms, namely CIR-ANN and CIR-CNN, are proposed in this study. Both algorithms can achieve high-precision prediction of the center and radius when reconstructing interfaces using a portion of a standard circle, especially for the CIR-CNN algorithm. A strict mass conservation strategy is also proposed to ensure the reliability of the neural network predictions. In comparison with interface reconstruction algorithms such as piecewise linear interface construction (PLIC) algorithm, efficient least squares volume-of-fluid interface reconstruction algorithm (ELVIRA), quadratic spline based interface (QUASI) reconstruction algorithm after the first interface correction, Circle-based Interface Reconstruction (CIR), and CIR-ANN algorithm, the proposed CIR-CNN demonstrates good advantages in static interface reconstruction, with average accuracy ratios of 48.40, 86.69, 26.34, 4.07 and 2.26. However, when capturing the bubble under a complex rotation and shear recovery flow field, the advantage of the proposed algorithms decreases due to the increased complexity of the fluid volume fraction distributions. Regarding the computational time cost of reconstructing random circular interfaces, the proposed algorithms achieve average reduction ratios of 4.16, 7.86, and 34.14, respectively, compared to the CIR, ELVIRA, and QUASI algorithms. © 2025

关键词： ANN CNN Curve reconstruction Neural network Two-phase flow

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