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Modulating conductivity type of cuprous oxide（Cu2O） films on copper foil in aqueous solution by comproportionation

Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2019年第8期35卷 1570-1577页

作者： Changwei Tang Xiaohui Ning Jian Li Hui-Lin Guo Ying Yang Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry & Materials ScienceNorthwest UniversityXi'an 710127 China National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education Northwest UniversityXi'an 710127 China International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049 China

Cuprous oxide(Cu2O)is an attractive material for photoelectrochemical(PEC)hydrogen production or photovoltaic application,because of its appropriate band gap,low material cost and *** this paper,Cu2O films were obtained by comproportionation in acid cupric sulfate solutions with varying concentrations of potassium *** and electrochemical experiments,such as zero-bias photocurrent responses,voltammograms,and Mott-Schottky measurements,show that the Cu2O films grown in low(≤0.75 mol dm^–3)and high(≥1.00 mol dm^–3)nitrate ion concentrations presented n-type and p-type conductivity,*** circuit potential and polarization behavior were monitored to investigate the mechanism of modulating conductivity *** ions consume protons in the plating solution during comproportionation with different concentrations of nitrate ions creating different pH at the Cu2O/solution *** gradient leads to the transformation of Cu2Ofilms conductivity changing from n-type to p-type with increasing the concentration of nitrate ions in the plating *** method could be used to fabricate homojunction electrode on metal substrate for PEC hydrogen production or photoelectric application.

关键词： Cuprous oxide(Cu2O) Comproportionation Semiconductor films Tuning conductivity Photoelectrochemical cell

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Wake of a stationary sphere near a wall

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Huagong Xuebao/CIESC Journal 2019年第9期70卷 3300-3306页

作者： Li, Xing Bai, Bofeng State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'anShaanxi710049 China

The flow characteristics of the sphere under uniform flow in a large space have been extensively studied, but the influence of the wall on the flow characteristics of the sphere is not clear. The wake of the particle is focused. Results show that there are three regimes of the sphere wake, which are steady wake, unsteady symmetric wake and unsteady asymmetric wake. If Re400, the vortex shedding is not symmetric and becomes chaotic as Reynolds number increases. © All Right Reserved.

关键词： Wakes

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Experimental and numerical study on impinging fuel spray under high-pressure cross-flow condition 14

Experimental and numerical study on impinging fuel spray und...

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14th International Conference on Liquid Atomization and Spray Systems, ICLASS 2018

作者： Si, Z. Guo, M. Ashida, Y. Nishida, K. Ogata, Y. Tang, C. Huang, Z. Department of Mechanical System Engineering University of Hiroshima 1-4-1 Kagamiyama Higashi-Hiroshima739-8527 Japan School of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering Wuhan University of Technology 122 Luoshi road Wuhan Hubei430070 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University 28 Xianning west road Xi'an710049 China

It is certified that the fuel spray is strongly affected by both in-cylinder air flow and piston cavity wall impingement in a direct injection engine. In this study, sprays injected by a valve covered orifice nozzle were tested by a high-speed video camera and a continuous wave laser sheet under a wind-tunnel with cross-flow and pressurized ambience, thereby the spray profiles in vertical and horizontal planes were investigated. Moreover, the experiment results were compared with simulations which was calculated by the validated spray models based on the CONVERGE software. With increase in the cross-flow velocity, the spray tip penetration evidently increased, and the increased cross-flow velocity led to an increase in the vortex height because of the enhanced spray dispersion. Furthermore, the high ambient pressure restrains the spray dispersion and leads to smaller spray tip penetration and vortex height. The outlines of spray with same liquid-to-air momentum flux ratio q can agree with each other in the windward side, nevertheless the droplet diffusion under high cross-flow velocity is distinct in the leeside. At the horizontal plane of y=25mm, a complex vortex movement was observed that resulted in a nonuniform distribution of droplets in the upper part of the spray in the leeward side. From the calculations, in the radial region apart from the impingement point (8mm4mm) hardly moved. © 2018 Solar Turbines Incorporated.

关键词： Continuous wave lasers

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Study on the gasification mechanisms of key intermediates of oily sludge in supercritical water by ReaxFF-MD method

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Energy 2025年 330卷

作者： Linhu Li Pai Peng Gaoyun Wang Xujun Li Wen Cao Zhengjun Gong School of Environmental Science and Engineering Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu 611756 China State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co. Ltd. Research Institute Nanjing 211103 China Technical Inspection Center Sinopec Shengli Oilfield Company Dongying 257000 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China

Supercritical water gasification has been confirmed as an advanced treatment method for organic waste including oily sludge. As a supplement to our previous studies, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations must be implemented to understand the gasification mechanism thoroughly. Five representative model compounds were selected to investigate the gasification mechanism using ReaxFF-MD method. The molecular evolution of five key intermediates in SCWG was simulated and compared at 3500 K. To overcome the gasification challenge of oily sludge, toluene was selected for further investigation due to its prominent proportion and relatively low reactivity. Simulations were systematically discussed under different temperatures (2500–3500 K) to study the product distribution. It was found that the yields of the main products (H 2 , CO and CO 2 ) continuously increased with reaction time and temperature. The yields of C1-C3, C4-C7 and C7+ increased more rapidly at higher temperature, with the yield of short-chain carbonaceous organics (C1-C3) being significantly higher than that of other carbonaceous organics. The decomposition kinetics of toluene in supercritical water were also analyzed, and the apparent activation energy was 235.22 ± 22.66 kJ⋅mol −1 . Furthermore, four main gasification pathways were identified by tracking molecular animations. This study would provide valuable insights into the transformation characteristics of oily sludge.

关键词： Oily sludge SCWG Kinetics Pathway Toluene Molecular dynamics

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Performance of cone meter for measuring cryogenic fluid considering cavitation

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International Journal of Fluid Machinery and Systems 2019年第1期12卷 12-21页

作者： He, Denghui Chang, Zhuang Bai, Bofeng Chen, Senlin Guo, Pengcheng State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulic in Northwest Arid Region Xi’an University of Technology NO.5 South Jinhua Road Xi’an710048 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University No.28 Xianning West Road Xi’an710049 China

The performance of the cone meter when measuring the cryogenic fluid was investigated by numerical simulation. The results show that the discharge coefficient and pressure loss coefficient of the cone meter are almost constant when the Reynolds number in the "stable region". The cryogenic fluids, especially the liquid hydrogen, have wider stable Reynolds number ranges than the water. There is little effect of cavitation on the discharge coefficient and pressure loss coefficient at the initial stage of cavitation. Thus the effect of slight cavitation on the measurement error of the flow rate is small, whose relative error is less than ±0.5% in present cases. This study opens a new avenue for measuring the flow rate of the cryogenic fluid. © 2019, Turbomachinery Society of Japan. All rights reserved.

关键词： Cavitation

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An optimal design of the widths of heat affect zone, fusion zone, and near interface zone in a dissimilar metal welded joint

Material Design and Processing Communications

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Material Design and Processing Communications 2020年第5期2卷

作者： Guo, Guoliang Yang, Jie Wang, Lei Liu, Guiqiu Zhang, Baozhong Zhang, Sihan Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer in Power Engineering School of Energy and Power Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai China Consumer Appliances Centre Shandong Product Quality Inspection Research Institute Shandong China

The optimal design of the dissimilar metal welded joint is a valuable research issue, whether optimize the material, processing technology, dimension, or anything else. The fracture behavior of the dissimilar metal welded joint have been found affected by the widths of heat affect zone, fusion zone, and near interface zone. In this study, the optimal design of the widths of heat affect zone, fusion zone, and near interface zone in the dissimilar metal welded joint was further studied systematically. Firstly, a dissimilar metal welded joint, which used in the nuclear power plants with either heat affect zone crack or fusion zone crack, was selected, and a width mismatch coefficient MW was defined. In addition, the crack propagation paths and J-resistance curves of the dissimilar metal welded joints under different MW induced by the widths of heat affect zone, fusion zone, and near interface zone were calculated. Based on the obtained results, the widths of heat affect zone, fusion zone, and near interface zone were optimized. This study will provide support for the design of the dissimilar metal welded joint and is significant to the structure integrity assessment of the nuclear power plants. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

关键词： Nuclear fuels

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Lithium Extraction from High Magnesium Salt Lake Brine with an Integrated Membrane Technology

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Ashraf, Muhammad Awais Usman, Muhammad Hussain, Iftikhar Ahmad, Faraz Guo, Shiwei Zhang, Lu State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 PR China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China Washington State University United States Department of Mechanical Engineering City University of Hong Kong 83 Tat Chee Avenue Kowloon Hong Kong Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology Taiyuan University of Technology Taiyuan030024 China North China Electric Power University Hebei Key Lab of Power Plant Flue Gas Multi-Pollutants Control Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Baoding071000 China Faculty of Economics and Business

Lithium extraction is a great challenge from the high magnesium content salt solution. In this work, an integrated polyamide tight ultrafiltration (UF) and nanofiltration (NF) membranes are systematically investigated to separate Li+ from a high magnesium salt solution. Tight ultrafiltration UA001 and nanofiltration NF270 membranes in the integrated-cascade system not only increased Li+ permeation to 82.5% but also enhanced the high Mg2+ retention to 94.6% from the ternary salt solution of LiCl and MgCl2. The transport model was also developed to calculate the real retention of Li+ and Mg2+, under constant pressure mode. The separation efficiency SFLi/Mg for the ternary salt solution of LiCl+MgCl2+H2O was more than 15 at a constant pressure of 25 bars with an integrated membrane process, which was higher as compared to single-stage UF and NF270 membranes. Moreover, the high Mg2+/Li+ ratio was also reduced from 30 to 1.9 in the integrated-cascade membrane process. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Magnesium compounds

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Investigation of curvature statistics of turbulent premixed Bunsen flames based on leading points concept 12

Investigation of curvature statistics of turbulent premixed ...

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12th Asia-Pacific Conference on Combustion, ASPACC 2019

作者： Zhang, Weijie Wang, Jinhua Xia, Hao Lin, Wenjun Zhang, Meng Huang, Zuohua State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University No. 28 Xian Ning Road Beilin District Xi'an Shaanxi710049 China

In previous studies, it was showed that the leading point, namely, the positively curved flame front, may be vital in controlling the propagation of flame, thus controlling the burning intensity of turbulent premixed flames. This paper is aimed at investigating the morphologies of the leading points under low and relatively high turbulence intensities based on flame curvature statistics. Premixed C3H8/H2/air flames were obtained with a Bunsen burner. Flame front was captured with OH-PLIF technique. The results show prevalent leading points with positive curvatures at low turbulence intensity. Percentage of positive curvatures were observed to increase at lower turbulence intensity. However, with increasing turbulence intensity, such feature can be mitigated or even overpowered with equal probability of negative and positive curvatures. Proper models for leading point are recommended according to the experimental results. However, question remains as to the underlying mechanism of leading point concept. © Asia-Pacific Conference on Combustion, ASPACC *** right reserved.

关键词： Combustion

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Failure Analysis of Tube-Burst on T91 Platen Superheater of 600 MW Supercritical Boiler

Failure Analysis of Tube-Burst on T91 Platen Superheater of ...

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Artificial Intelligence and Electromechanical Automation (AIEA), International Conference on

作者： Ke Sun Jia'an Wang Yu Yan Jiahao Jiang Lei Deng State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering School of Energy and Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China China Huadian Electric Power Research Institute Co. Ltd. Hangzhou China

ISBN: (数字)9781728182889

ISBN: (纸本)9781728182896

In this paper, the specimen of the bursting tubes, original tube and oxide-like debris are analysed in-depth by macroscopic examination, chemical composition analysis, mechanical properties, metallographic examination, scanning electron microscopy and energy spectrum analysis etc.,. It shows that the main reason for the tube-burst is that the original oxide matters or time-original oxide matters blocks the tube, reducing the cooling effect of the steam, and resulting in a short-term overheating of the tube. It is recommended to control the internal cleanliness of boiler equipment and pipest.

关键词： component tube burst failure analysis oxide matters over temperature FAILURE ANALYSIS excess temperature platen superheater Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy oxides Cooling effects tube reducing

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Analysis of Frequent Tube Burst of High Temperature Reheater in 600 MW Unit

Analysis of Frequent Tube Burst of High Temperature Reheater...

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Sustainable power and Energy Conference (iSPEC)

作者： Ke Sun Jia'an Wang Yu Yan Jiahao Jiang Lei Deng Defu Che China Huadian Electric Power Research Institute Co. Ltd. Hangzhou China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering School of Energy and Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China

ISBN: (数字)9781728191645

ISBN: (纸本)9781728191652

The reasons of frequent tube burst of the high temperature reheater in a supercritical 600 MW unit were systematically investigated via the examination of macroscopic inspection, chemical composition, mechanical properties, microstructures, scanning electron microscope and energy disperse spectroscopy detection. It is demonstrated that the tube burst of the high temperature reheater results from not only design factors, but also manufacture quality. Due to the absence of solid solution treatment in spare elbow, the inner dislocations and residual stress increase obviously, which accelerates the precipitation of carbide containing Cr and the formation of Cr depleted zone on grain boundary(GB) subsequently, leading to the decrease of GB corrosion resistance and the final leakage of high temperature reheater tube induced by intergranular corrosion.

关键词： Temperature Corrosion Welding Electron tubes Residual stresses Acceleration Elbow

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