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Role of biochar in raising blue carbon stock capacity of salt marshes

Pedosphere 2024年第1期34卷 19-22页

作者： Yuzhou HUANG Xi XIAO Ocean College Zhejiang UniversityZhoushan 316021China Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Monitoring and Restoration Technologies of the Ministry of Natural Resources of China Shanghai 201306China Donghai Laboratory Zhoushan 316021China Ocean Academy Zhejiang UniversityZhoushan 316021China Key Laboratory of Watershed Non-point Source Pollution Control and Water Eco-security of Ministry of Water Resources College of Environmental and Resources SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

Salt marshes are an important blue carbon ecosystem, with surprisingly fast carbon accumulation rates that are 40 times higher than those of terrestrial forests. In recent decades, salt marshes have suffered great degradation and loss all over the world. The idea to enhance carbon stock in salt marshes(so-called blue carbon) using biochar (so-called black carbon) has recently been proposed. Although experiments and observations remain limited, significant enhancements in soil organic carbon and plant growth have been documented in most case studies. However, due to the limited number of observations and their relatively short time window ranging from months to less than one year, there still exists a knowledge gap regarding the process, mechanism, and effect of biochar in enhancing carbon stock in salt marshes. Future research is urgently needed in the following perspectives:1) exploring the relationship between carbon stock enhancement efficiency and biochar properties, 2) optimizing the physical and chemical properties of biochar to boost its efficiency, and 3)studying the in-situ responses of complex carbon pools to biochar addition, especially under tidal conditions and over a longer period of time.

关键词： soil stock char

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Thermal stability of soil organic carbon subjected to water erosion as a function of edaphic factors

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2022年第1期37卷 26-36页

作者： Zhongwu Li Linhui Xiao Chuxiong Deng Zaijian Yuan Chen Liang Qian Xiong Zeting Li Xiaodong Nie College of Resources and Environmental Science Hunan Normal University Guangdong Engineering Center of Non-point Source Pollution Control Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management Guangdong Institute of Eco-environmental Science & Technology Guangdong Academy of Sciences National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China

The stability of soil organic carbon （SOC）,as it relates to resistance to decomposition,is important for greenhouse gas emission and climate ***,the SOC stabilization and its related influencing factors subjected to water erosion remain *** objective of the current study was to determine the SOC stability under long-term water erosion and to investigate the link between SOC stability and edaphic *** samples from eroded,depositional,and control sites in a closed watershed in subtropical China were *** SOC concentration,carbon functional groups,soil physicochemical properties,and thermal stability of SOC were *** study results showed that the primary component of the SOC functional groups was O-alkyl carbon （reached 40%）,and its proportion has no significant difference among different *** TG-T50（the temperature at which 50%of the soil organic matter is lost） values indicated that the SOC thermal stability in the eroded topsoil was higher than that of the deposited *** carbon functional groups were lack of relation with SOC thermal stability（p>0.05）.However,the TG-T50was significantly positively correlated with the cation exchange capacity and silt,but remarkably negatively correlated with SOC,dissolved organic carbon,total nitrogen,sand,clay,p H,aluminum,specific surface area,and iron *** results indicated that the edaphic factors,which were strongly affected by micro-environment,are the main factors affecting thermal stability of organic *** SOC stabilization under the effects of long-term water erosion should be addressed from the perspective of the ecosystem.

关键词： Soil erosion Soil organic matter Thermogravimetry Preservation Stability

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Biochar reduces colloidal phosphorus in leachate by regulating phoD- and phoC-harboring microbial communities during drying/rewetting cycles

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Biochar 2023年第1期5卷 1014-1028页

作者： Xiaochun Wang Hongnuo Ge Yunying Fang Chunlong Liu Kamel M.Eltohamy Zekai Wang Xinqiang Liang Key Laboratory of Watershed Non-point Source Pollution Control and Water Eco-security of Ministry of Water Resources College of Environmental and Resource SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China College of Agriculture and Biotechnology Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Australian Rivers Institute School of Environment and ScienceGriffith UniversityNathan CampusBrisbaneQLD 4111Australia Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology Northeast Institute of Geography and AgroecologyChinese Academy of SciencesHarbin 150081China

Drying and rewetting(DRW)events cause the release of colloidal phosphorus(P_(coll),1-1000 nm)in leachate,and biochar is considered an effective inhibitor;however,the microbial mechanism remains *** this study,three successive DRW cycles were performed on the soil columns to assess the effect of biochar addition on P_(coll) content and its possible associates,including phosphatase-producing microbial populations(phoD- and phoC-harboring microbial communities)and alkaline/acid phosphatase(ALP/ACP)*** showed that the biochar addition significantly decreased the P_(coll) by 15.5-32.1%during three DRW *** structural equation model(SEM)confirmed that biochar addition increased phoD- and phoC-harboring microbial communities and ALP/ACP activities,which reduces the release of P_(coll) into *** addition,the manure biochar was more effective than the straw biochar in promoting competition and cooperation in the co-occurrence network(2-5%nodes increased on average),and the key taxa Proteobacteria and Cyanobacteria were identified as the dominant species of potential ALP/ACP activities and P_(coll) *** findings provide a novel understanding of biochar reducing P_(coll) loss from the phosphatase perspective by regulating the phoD-and phoC-harboring communities during DRW events.

关键词： Drying and rewetting events Alkaline/acid phosphatase Microbial mechanism Proteobacteria Cyanobacteria

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PSMs-MCDA Integration Method for Riparian Buffer Zone Construction of Water source Areas 14th

PSMs-MCDA Integration Method for Riparian Buffer Zone Constr...

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14th International Conference on Environmental Science and Development, ICESD 2023

作者： Zhu, Zhenya Yan, Fengling Yin, Wei Zhu, Xiudi Li, Zhijun Wang, Songyi Deng, Zhimin Changjiang Water Resources Protection Institute Wuhan430051 China Key Laboratory of Ecological Regulation of Non-Point Source Pollution in Lake and Reservoir Water Sources Changjiang Water Resources Commission Wuhan430051 China School of Life Sciences Southwest University Chongqing400715 China

ISBN: (纸本)9783031560552

The construction of a riparian zone in a water source area is an important component related to the safety of drinking water sources. Many countries in the world have carried out research and practical work on riparian zones, but a comprehensive evaluation system of the construction effect has not yet been established. In the past, scientists began to use a variety of methods to advance the riparian development of water sources. However, significant challenges remain that prevent construction implementation and policy efforts from achieving desirable results. Combined with other problem structuring methods (PSMs) and integrated with the model simulation, a multiple criteria decision analysis (MCDA) system, and the driving force-pressure-state-impact-response (DPSIR) framework constructed by the causal loop flow graph, this research built a PSMs-MCDA integrated multi-objective analysis and decision-making method for riparian zone construction in water source areas. The method could systematically identify the natural, economic and social driving forces, pollutant discharge and other pressures affecting the riparian zone and could also evaluate soil and water conservation, pollution prevention and control, ecosystem health and landscape effects before and after the construction of the riparian zone. The results improve the scientific level of riparian zone construction in water source areas, which is of great significance to the protection and construction of drinking water sources. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.

关键词： Water pollution

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Potentials of emergent plant residue derived biochar to be alternative carbon-based phosphorus fertilizer by Fe(II)/Fe(III)magnetic modification

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Biochar 2024年第1期6卷 235-248页

作者： Hongjuan Xin Jiao Yang Yuanyuan Lu Hekang Xiao Haitao Wang Kamel MEltohamy Xueqi Zhu Chunlong Liu Yunying Fang Ye Ye Xinqiang Liang Key Laboratory of Watershed Non-Point Source Pollution Control and Water Eco-Security of Ministry of Water Resources College of Environmental and Resources SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China. Department of Water Relations&Field Irrigation National Research CentreCairoDokki 12622Egypt. Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology Northeast Institute of Geography and AgroecologyChinese Academy of SciencesHarbin 150081China. Australian Rivers Institute School of Environment and ScienceGriffith UniversityNathan CampusBrisbane QLD 4111Australia. Sino-Japan Friendship Centre for Environmental Protection Beijing 100029China.

Emergent plants have been remarkably effective in reducing phosphorus(P)discharge from ecological ditches;however,the treatment and recycling of these residues is a great *** this study,magnetic biochars(MBs,i.e.,MB-A,MB-C,and MB-T)were fabricated from three emergent plant residues(Acorus calamus L.,Canna indica L.,and Thalia dealbata Fraser,respectively)and modified with Fe(II)/Fe(III).Scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction spectra confirmed the successful loading of Fe_(3)O_(4)and FeO(OH)onto the surfaces of the *** adsorption experiments showed that MBs exhibited a higher P adsorption capacity than that of the raw *** the range of 0.8-43.0 mg L^(−1)in solution,the adsorption capacities of P by MB-A,MB-C,and MB-T were 304.6-5658.8,314.9-6845.6,and 292.8-5590.0 mg kg^(−1),with adsorption efficiencies of 95.2-32.9%,98.4-39.8%,and 91.5-32.5%,*** primary mechanisms that caused P to adsorb onto the MBs were inner-sphere complexation and electrostatic *** pH conditions were more beneficial for the P adsorption of the MBs,while co-existing anions had a negative impact with the following order:HCO_(3)^(-)>SO_(4)^(2−)>Cl^(−)≈NO_(3)^(−).The P-31 nuclear magnetic resonance results further demonstrated that the main adsorbed P species on the MBs was orthophosphate,followed by orthophosphate monoesters and ***,MBs offer a resource utilization strategy for emergent plant residues and P-laden MBs are promising alternative P fertilizers.

关键词： Emergent plant Fe(II)/Fe(III)modification Magnetic biochar Phosphorus adsorption Phosphorus species

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Algal community structure prediction by machine learning

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Environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2023年第2期14卷 53-62页

作者： Muyuan Liu Yuzhou Huang Jing Hu Junyu He Xi Xiao Ocean College Zhejiang University#1 Zheda RoadZhoushanZhejiang316021China Ocean Academy Zhejiang University#1 Zheda RoadZhoushanZhejiang316021China Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Monitoring and Restoration Technologies Ministry of Natural ResourcesShanghai201206China Donghai Laboratory ZhoushanZhejiang316021China Key Laboratory of Watershed Non-point Source Pollution Control and Water Eco-security of Ministry of Water Resources College of Environmental and Resources SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang310058China

The algal community structure is vital for aquatic ***,the complicated environmental and biological processes make modeling *** cope with this difficulty,we investigated using random forests(RF)to predict phytoplankton community shifting based on multi-source environmental factors(including physicochemical,hydrological,and meteorological variables).The RF models robustly predicted the algal communities composed by 13 major classes(Bray-Curtis dissimilarity=9.2±7.0%,validation NRMSE mostly<10%),with accurate simulations to the total biomass(validation R^(2)>0.74)in Norway's largest lake,Lake *** importance analysis showed that the hydro-meteorological variables(Standardized MSE and Node Purity mostly>0.5)were the most influential factors in regulating the ***,an in-depth ecological interpretation uncovered the interactive stress-response effect on the algal community learned by the RF *** interpretation results disclosed that the environmental drivers(i.e.,temperature,lake inflow,and nutrients)can jointly pose strong influence on the algal community *** study highlighted the power of machine learning in predicting complex algal community structures and provided insights into the model interpretability.

关键词： Phytoplankton community Random forests Environmental driver Meteorology Hydrology Model interpretability

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Evidence on the causes of the rising levels of COD_(Mn) along the middle route of the South-to-North Diversion Project in China:The role of algal dissolved organic matter

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第3期34卷 281-290页

作者： Chao Wang Hong Zhang Pei Lei Xiaokang Xin Aijing Zhang Wei Yin Changjiang Water Resources Protection Institute Wuhan 430051China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse School of the EnvironmentNanjing UniversityNanjing 210046China Construction and Administration Bureau of South-to-North Water Diversion Middle Route Project Beijing 100038China Key Laboratory cf Ecological Regulation ofNon-point Source Pollution in Lake and Reservoir Water Sources Wuhan 430051China

As the biggest inter-basin water transfer scheme in the world,the South-to-North Water Diversion Project(SNWD) was designed to alleviate the water crisis in North *** main channel of the middle route of the SNWD is of great concern in terms of the drinking water *** this study,we tested the hypothesis that the dissolved organic matter(DOM) derived from the planktonic algae causes the rising levels of COD_(Mn) along the middle route by monitoring data on water quality(2015-2019,monthly resolution).The results showed that algal density in the main channel increased along the channel and was significantly correlated with COD_(Mn)(p <0.01).Five fluorescent components of DOM,including tyrosine-like(14.85%),tryptophan-like(22.48%),microbial byproduct-like(26.34%),fulvic acid-like(11.41%),and humic acid-like(24.92%) components,were *** level of tyrosine-like components increased along the channel and was significantly correlated with algal density(p<0.01),indicating that algae significantly changed the level of DOM in the *** decomposition and metabolism were found to be the main mechanisms that drive the changes in COD_(Mn).Therefore,controlling algal density would be an important measure to prevent further increase in CODMn and for the guarantee of excellent water quality.

关键词： Dissolved organic matter(DOM)Algae COD_(Mn) South-to-North Diversion Project Danjiangkou reservoir Three-dimensional fluorescence excitation emission matrix spectroscopy(3D-EEMs)

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Establishment of soil moisture model based on hyperspectral data and growth parameters of winter wheat

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2023年第3期16卷 160-168页

作者： Xizhi Lyu Weimin Xing Yuguo Han Zhigong Peng Baozhong Zhang Muhammad Roman Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Soil and Water Conservation College of Soil and Water ConservationBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research Key Laboratory of the Loess Plateau Soil Erosion and Water Loss Process and Control of Ministry of Water ResourcesZhengzhou 450003China College of Hydraulic Science and Engineering Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China Forest Ecosystem Studies National Observation and Research StationJixianShanxi 042200China Key Laboratory of Non-point Source Pollution Control Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsBeijing 100081China State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower ResearchBeijing 100038China National Center of Efficient Irrigation Engineering and Technology Research-Beijing Beijing 100048China

Large area of soil moisture status diagnosis based on plant canopy spectral data remains one of the hot spots of agricultural ***,the existing soil water prediction model constructed by the spectral parameters without considering the plant growth process will inevitably increase the prediction *** study carried out research on the correlations among spectral parameters of the canopy of winter wheat,crop growth process,and soil water content,and finally constructed the soil water content prediction model with the growth days *** results showed that the plant water content of winter wheat tended to decrease during the whole growth *** plant water content had the best correlations with the soil water content of the 0-50 cm soil *** different growth stages,even if the soil water content was the same,the plant water content and characteristic spectral reflectance were also ***,the crop growing days parameter was added to the model established by the relationships between characteristic spectral parameters and soil water content to increase the prediction *** is found that the determination coefficient(R^(2))of the models built during the whole growth period was greatly increased,ranging from 0.54 to ***,the model built by OSAVI(Optimized Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index)and Rg/Rr,two of the highest precision characteristic spectral parameters,were selected for model *** correlation between OSAVI and soil water content,Rg/Rr,and soil water content were still significant(p<0.05).The R^(2),MAE,and RMSE validation models were 0.53 and 0.58,3.19 and 2.97,4.76 and 4.41,respectively,which was accurate enough to be applied in a large-area ***,the upper and lower irrigation limit of OSAVI and Rg/Rr were put *** research results could guide the agricultural production of winter wheat in northern China.

关键词： winter wheat canopy spectra growth process soil water content irrigation threshold soil moisture model prediction

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Insight into the humification and carbon balance of biogas residual biochar amended co-composting of hog slurry and wheat straw

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Environmental Science and pollution Research 2024年 1-12页

作者： Liu, Yunpeng Pan, Junting Wang, Jingwen Yang, Xu Zhang, Wanqiang Tang, Kuok Ho Daniel Wang, Hailong Zhang, Xiu Gao, Runyu Yang, Guoping Zhang, Zengqiang Li, Ronghua Shaanxi Yangling712100 China Key Laboratory of Non-Point Source Pollution of Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing100081 China Shantz Building Rm 4291177 E 4th St. TucsonAZ85721 United States College of Natural Resources and Environment NWAFU-UA Micro-Campus Shaanxi Yangling712100 China School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Foshan University Foshan528000 China Ningxia Key Laboratory for the Development and Application of Microbial Resources in Extreme Environments North Minzu University Yinchuan750021 China

The impact of biogas residual biochar (BRB) on the humification and carbon balance process of co-composting of hog slurry (HGS) and wheat straw (WTS) was examined. The 50-day humification process was significantly enhanced by the addition of BRB, particular of 5% BRB, as indicated by the relatively higher humic acid content (67.28 g/kg) and humification ratio (2.31) than other treatments. The carbon balance calculation indicated that although BRB addition increased 22.16–46.77% of C lost in form of CO2-C, but the 5% BRB treatment showed relatively higher C fixation and lower C loss than other treatments. In addition, the BRB addition reshaped the bacterial community structure during composting, resulting in increased abundances of Proteobacteria (25.50%) during the thermophilic phase and Bacteroidetes (33.55%) during the maturation phase. Combined these results with biological mechanism analysis, 5% of BRB was likely an optimal addition for promoting compost humification and carbon fixation in practice. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Biogas

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Effects of rumen microorganisms on the decomposition of recycled straw residue

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2023年第4期24卷 336-344页

作者： Kailun SONG Zicheng ZHOU Jinhai LENG Songwen FANG Chunhuo ZHOU Guorong NI Lichun KANG Xin YIN College of Land Resources and Environment Jiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchang 330045China Key Innovation Center of Agricultural Waste Resource Utilization and Non-point Source Pollution Prevention and Control of Jiangxi Province Nanchang 330045China College of Engineering Jiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchang 330045China

Recently,returning straw to the fields has been proved as a direct and effective method to tackle soil nutrient loss and agricultural ***,the slow decomposition of straw may harm the growth of the next *** study aimed to determine the effects of rumen microorganisms(RMs)on straw decomposition,bacterial microbial community structure,soil properties,and soil enzyme *** results showed that RMs significantly enhanced the degradation rate of straw in the soil,reaching 39.52%,which was 41.37%higher than that of the control on the 30th day after straw *** 30 d,straw degradation showed a significant slower trend in both the control and the experimental *** to the soil physicochemical parameters,the application of rumen fluid expedited soil matter transformation and nutrient buildup,and increased the urease,sucrase,and cellulase activity by 10%‒20%.The qualitative analysis of straw showed that the hydroxyl functional group structure of cellulose in straw was greatly damaged after the application of rumen *** analysis of soil microbial community structure revealed that the addition of rumen fluid led to the proliferation of Actinobacteria with strong cellulose degradation ability,which was the main reason for the accelerated straw *** study highlights that returning rice straw to the fields with rumen fluid inoculation can be used as an effective measure to enhance the biological value of recycled rice straw,proposing a viable solution to the problem of sluggish straw decomposition.

关键词： Rumen microorganisms(RMs) Straw return Microbial inoculant Decomposed straw Soil microorganisms

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