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Influences of harmonic cavities on single-bunch instabilities in electron storage rings

Nuclear Science and Techniques 2021年第9期32卷 1-8页

作者： Hai-Sheng Xu Jing-Ye Xu Na Wang Key Laboratory of Particle Acceleration Physics and Technology Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Harmonic cavities(HCs)are widely used in electron storage rings,mainly to increase the Touschek lifetime by lengthening *** have become critical components of almost all fourth-generation synchrotron light *** addition to the benefits of increasing the Touschek lifetime,they also affect the collective beam instabilities in electron storage ***,the influ-ence of HC settings on collective beam instabilities is still not well *** are typically designed to operate under so-called ideal lengthening conditions,which do not necessarily optimize the suppression of collective beam *** therefore extended earlier studies of col-lective beam instabilities to consider more general HC *** present preliminary studies and analyses of the influences of different HC settings on microwave and transverse mode-coupling instabilities.

关键词： Harmonic cavity Microwave instability Transverse Mode-coupling instability

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Position reconstruction and surface background model for the PandaX-4T detector

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Nuclear Instruments and Methods in physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 2025年 1077卷

作者： Qian, Zhicheng Gu, Linhui Cheng, Chen Bo, Zihao Chen, Wei Chen, Xun Chen, Yunhua Cheng, Zhaokan Cui, Xiangyi Fan, Yingjie Fang, Deqing Gao, Zhixing Geng, Lisheng Giboni, Karl Guo, Xunan Guo, Xuyuan Guo, Zichao Han, Chencheng Han, Ke He, Changda He, Jinrong Huang, Di Huang, Houqi Huang, Junting Hou, Ruquan Hou, Yu Ji, Xiangdong Ji, Xiangpan Ju, Yonglin Li, Chenxiang Li, Jiafu Li, Mingchuan Li, Shuaijie Li, Tao Li, Zhiyuan Lin, Qing Liu, Jianglai Lu, Congcong Lu, Xiaoying Luo, Lingyin Luo, Yunyang Ma, Wenbo Ma, Yugang Mao, Yajun Meng, Yue Ning, Xuyang Pang, Binyu Qi, Ningchun Ren, Xiangxiang Shan, Dong Shang, Xiaofeng Shao, Xiyuan Shen, Guofang Shen, Manbin Sun, Wenliang Tao, Yi Wang, Anqing Wang, Guanbo Wang, Hao Wang, Jiamin Wang, Lei Wang, Meng Wang, Qiuhong Wang, Shaobo Wang, Siguang Wang, Wei Wang, Xiuli Wang, Xu Wang, Zhou Wei, Yuehuan Wu, Weihao Wu, Yuan Xiao, Mengjiao Xiao, Xiang Xiong, Kaizhi Xu, Yifan Yao, Shunyu Yan, Binbin Yan, Xiyu Yang, Yong Ye, Peihua Yu, Chunxu Yuan, Ying Yuan, Zhe Yun, Youhui Zeng, Xinning Zhang, Minzhen Zhang, Peng Zhang, Shibo Zhang, Shu Zhang, Tao Zhang, Wei Zhang, Yang Zhang, Yingxin Zhang, Yuanyuan Zhao, Li Zhou, Jifang Zhou, Jiaxu Zhou, Jiayi Zhou, Ning Zhou, Xiaopeng Zhou, Yubo Zhou, Zhizhen Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology Shanghai200240 China School of Physics Beihang University Beijing102206 China New Cornerstone Science Laboratory Tsung-Dao Lee Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai201210 China Shanghai Jiao Tong University Sichuan Research Institute Chengdu610213 China Jinping Deep Underground Frontier Science and Dark Matter Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province China Yalong River Hydropower Development Company Ltd. 288 Shuanglin Road Chengdu610051 China Sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology Sun Yat-Sen University Zhuhai519082 China Department of Physics Yantai University Yantai264005 China Institute of Modern Physics Fudan University Shanghai200433 China Peng Huanwu Collaborative Center for Research and Education Beihang University Beijing100191 China International Research Center for Nuclei and Particles in the Cosmos & Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Nuclear Materials and Physics Beihang University Beijing100191 China Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Huizhou516000 China SJTU Paris Elite Institute of Technology Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China School of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China Department of Physics University of Maryland College Park MD20742 United States School of Physics Nankai University Tianjin300071 China School of Physics Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou510275 China State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei230026 China Department of Modern Physics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei230026 China Research Center for Particle Science and Technology Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science Shandong University Qingdao 266237 Shandong China Key Laboratory of Particle Physics and Particle Irradiation of Ministry of Education Shandong University Qingdao 266237 Shandon

We report the position reconstruction methods and surface background model for the PandaX-4T dark matter direct search experiment. In this work, two position reconstruction algorithms are developed: template matching (TM) method and photon acceptance function (PAF) method. Both methods determine the horizontal position of events based on the light pattern of secondary scintillation collected by the light sensors. After a comprehensive evaluation of resolution, uniformity, and robustness, the PAF method was selected for position reconstruction, while the TM method was employed for verification. The PAF method achieves a bulk event resolution of 1.0 mm and a surface event resolution of 4.4 mm for a typical S2 signal with a bottom charge of 1500 PE (about 14 keV). The uniformity is around 20%. Robustness studies reveal average deviations of 5.1 mm and 8.8 mm for the commissioning run (Run0) and the first science run (Run1), respectively, due to the deactivation of certain PMTs. A data-driven surface background model is developed based on the PAF method. The surface background is estimated to be 0.09±0.06 events for Run0 (0.54 tonne⋅year) and 0.17±0.11 events for Run1 (1.00 tonne⋅year). © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Template matching

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Commissioning experiences with the spoke-based CW superconducting proton linac

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2021年第10期32卷 12-29页

作者： Fang Yan Hui-Ping Geng Cai Meng Ya-Liang Zhao Hua Shi Hua-Fu Ouyang Tong-Min Huang Fei-Si He Jian-Li Wang Rui Ge Yan-Feng Sui Qiang Ye Rong Liu Qun-Yao Wang Sheng-Chang Wang Jian-She Cao Wei-Min Pan Key Laboratory of Particle Acceleration Physics and Technology Institute of High Energy Physics(IHEP)Chinese Academy of ScienceBeijing 100049China Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875China

The 10-MeV Accelerator-Driven Subcritical(ADS)system Injector-I test stand at the Institute of High Energy physics(IHEP)is a testing facility dedicated to demonstrating the feasibility of the spoke-based super-conducting(SC)linear accelerator(linac)for the ADS project in *** injector adopted a four-vane copper structure radio frequency quadrupole(RFQ)with an output energy of 3.2 MeV and an SC section accommodating 14 β_(g)=0.12 single spoke cavities,14 SC solenoids,and 14 cold beam position monitors(BPMs).A 10-MeV pulsed beam with a beam current of 10 mA and a 2-mA continuous wave(CW)beam were successfully shooting *** commissioning results confirmed the feasibility of using a 325-MHz spoke-type cavity for accelerating the proton beam in the low β and medium β *** paper describes the results achieved,the difficulties encountered,and the experiences obtained during commissioning.

关键词： Superconducting proton linac Spoke cavity High intensity CW commissioning

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Design and fabrication of button-style beam position monitors for the HEPS synchrotron light facility

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2022年第11期33卷 61-78页

作者： Jun He Yan-Feng Sui Yong Li Xu-Hui Tang Lin Wang Fang Liu Zhi Liu Ling-Da Yu Xiao-Yu Liu Tao-Guang Xu Jian-She Cao Jun-Hui Yue Key Laboratory of Particle Acceleration Physics and Technology Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

At the High Energy Photon Source (HEPS),a high orbital stability of typically 10% of the beam size and angular divergence must be *** beam size at the insertion devices is 10μm horizontally and 1μm vertically,which implies that the beam orbit must be stabilized to the sub-micrometer *** results in stringent tolerance and quality control requirements for the series production of beam position monitor (BPM) *** this study,analytical formulas were used and CST simulations were performed to analyze the effects of the mechanical tolerances of BPM pickups on beam position *** results of electromagnetic?eld simulations revealed how various mechanical errors,such as button size and location accuracy,as well as the related button capacitance,exert different in?uences on the beam position *** performance of an actual BPM pickup was measured,along with an assessment of the error on the beam position ***,a wake?eld analysis,including an investigation of trapped resonant modes and related thermal deformation,was conducted.

关键词： High energy photon source BPM Error CST Tolerances

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Design of the magnets for the HEPS injector

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Radiation Detection technology and Methods 2022年第2期6卷 143-149页

作者： Wen Kang Lei Liu Yongji Yu Changjun Ning Yuan Chen Changdong Deng Xi Wu Key Laboratory of Particle Acceleration Physics and Technology Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina

Purpose The high energy photon source(HEPS)is a diffraction-limited storage ring light source being built in Beijing,*** HEPS accelerators consist of the storage ring and its injector which includes the linac,booster and beam transport *** magnet system is one of the most important systems for the *** this paper,the field design,mechanical design and some special issues of the main magnets for the injector are *** The magnets for the linac and transport lines work at DC mode,whereas the magnets for the booster work at dynamic *** the module of OPERA/TOSCA is used to design the DC magnetic field and the module of OPERA/ELLEKTRA is used to design the dynamic magnetic *** CAD programs are used to design the mechanical structures of the *** The magnetic field simulation results of all the magnets for the injector can meet the physical requirements,the mechanical designs of all magnets are reasonable,and engineering drawings of the magnets for production are *** Both the magnetic field design and mechanical design of all magnets are satisfied with the physical requirements of the HEPS injector;the production of all magnets has been started up.

关键词： HEPS injector DC magnet Dynamic magnet Field simulation Mechanical design

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Exploring Axion-Like particle from observation of FSRQ Ton 599 by Fermi-LAT

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Li, Jun Bi, Xiao-Jun Gao, Lin-Qing Yin, Peng-Fei School of Physical Science and Technology Xinjiang University Urumqi830017 China Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China School of Physics and Electronic Sciences Changsha University of Science and Technology Changsha410114 China

High energy photons traveling through astrophysical magnetic fields have the potential to undergo oscillations with axion-like particles (ALPs), resulting in modifications to the observed photon spectrum. High energy γ−ray sources with significant magnetic field strengths provide an ideal setting to investigate this phenomenon. Ton 599, a flat spectrum radio quasar with a magnetic field strength on the order of Gauss in its emission region, presents a promising opportunity for studying ALP-photon oscillations. In this study, we analyze the effects of ALP-photon oscillations on the γ-ray spectrum of Ton 599 as observed by Fermi-LAT. Our investigation considers the potential influences of the broad-line region and dusty torus on the γ−ray spectrum of Ton 599. We set the constraints on the ALP parameters at the 95% confidence level, and find that the constraints on gaγ can reach approximately 2 × 10−12 GeV−1 for ma ∼ 109 eV. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Photons

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Comparison of bar formation mechanisms II: does a tidally induced bar grow faster than an internally developed bar?

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Zheng, Yirui Shen, Juntai Wu, Xufen Chen, Bin-Hui Department of Astronomy School of Physics and Astronomy Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road Shanghai200240 China National Key Laboratory of Dark Matter Physics Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology Shanghai200240 China Department of Astronomy University of Science and Technology of China Hefei230026 China School of Astronomy and Space Science University of Science and Technology of China Hefei230026 China Tsung-Dao Lee Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China

Bar structures can form internally due to the instability of their host galaxies or externally due to perturbations from other galaxies. We systematically quantify the growth timescales (τbar) of bars formed through these two mechanisms with a series of controlled N-body simulations. In galaxies susceptible to bar instability, tidally induced bars display τbar values comparable to those of internally developed bars within the same disk. Tidal perturbations promote/delay bar formation by advancing/postponing its onset, but the growth rate of the bar structure remains largely unchanged. In these interaction scenarios, the bar formation is still driven primarily by the galaxy’s internal nature that remains unaffected by tidal perturbations. As the external perturbation wave reaches the galaxy’s center, it evokes a "seed bar" that is then swing amplified. In this scenario, the onset of bar formation is advanced. Conversely, bar formation may be delayed if the external perturbation wave is out of phase with the pre-existing spontaneously developed seed bar, which causes destructive interference and limits the bar growth. In the hot disk model that resists bar formation in isolation, τbar of the tidally induced bar correlates with the strength of the perturbation. The bar growth in this model deviates from the exponential profile and is better described by a linear function. The strictly-speaking "tidally induced bars" may not adhere to the swing amplification mechanism that predicts an exponential bar growth. Their preference for linear growth contrasts with bars formed in galaxies inherently susceptible to bar instability. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Galaxies

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RF design and test of a high-directivity high-power waveguide directional coupler for the HEPS

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Radiation Detection technology and Methods 2022年第2期6卷 137-142页

作者： Xiang He Jing-Ru Zhang Jing-Dong Liu Hua Shi Bing-Lin Deng Xu-Jian Wang Sheng-Chang Wang Nan Gan Pi-Long Tian Key Laboratory of Particle Acceleration Physics and Technology Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Purpose A novel high-directivity high-power waveguide directional coupler(DC)working at 2998.8 MHz is developed for the High Energy Photon *** can help the phase control system to obtain a very accurate microwave signal,which is very important to minimize the beam *** The novel reversely placed T-type coupling piece helps to obtain a high *** N-type high-vacuum feedthroughs for vacuum sealing instead of the traditional ceramic plate is beneficial to holding a higher peak *** simulation and the high-power commissioning are accomplished in the Institute of High Energy physics(IHEP),while the fabrication and the low-power test are conducted in cooperation with the *** Both the single-coupler and the dual-coupler DCs are developed with a directivity of more than 35 dB while keeping the coupling factor within 60±0.5 ***,69.4%of all the fifty-two mass produced DCs have got a directivity of more than 40 ***:The mature manufacturing process for mass production is *** novel high-directivity high-power waveguide DC can be mass produced with an actually internationally leading performance.

关键词： HEPS Directional coupler High directivity High power Mass production

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Uniform transverse beam profile with a new type of nonlinear magnet

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Chinese physics C 2017年第6期41卷 162-166页

作者：谷胜栋刘渭滨 Key Laboratory of Particle Acceleration Physics and Technology Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences 19(B) Yuquan Road Beijing 100049 China

In this paper, a new type of magnet is proposed and produced to give a uniform transverse beam *** to octupole magnets, the new type of magnet can provide a similar octupole magnet field in the middle,but the rise rate declines quickly at the edges, so that a beam of the same uniformity is obtained with less particle *** that, a mechanical structure is added to adjust the width of the middle region to satisfy different transverse dimensions, which would further reduce particle loss. Some numerical simulations have been done with the octupole and the new type of magnet to show the advantages of the new magnet.

关键词： uniform beam nonlinear magnet beam dynamics simulation octupole

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Exploring Constraints on Axion-like particles with the Observations for blazar Mrk 501

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Zhou, Ting Gao, Lin-Qing Bi, Xiao-Jun Yin, Peng-Fei Lin, Wenbin School of Mathematics and Physics University of South China Hengyang421001 China School of Physics and Electronic Sciences Changsha University of Science and Technology Changsha410114 China Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

Oscillations between axion-like particles (ALPs) and photons in astrophysical magnetic fields can lead to irregularities in the high energy gamma ray spectra of blazars. The magnetic field within the blazar jet plays a crucial role in shaping these effects, with its strength in the emission region being an important parameter determined by multi-wavelength observations. However, the origin of the high energy bump observed in the spectral energy distribution of some blazars is a topic of debate, with both leptonic and hadronic scenarios providing plausible explanations that result in different magnetic field strengths in the emission region. In this study, we investigate the impact of magnetic field configurations on the constraints of ALP parameters. We consider both leptonic and hadronic emission scenarios for the blazar Mrk 501 and derive the corresponding jet magnetic field strengths. Additionally, we explore two jet magnetic field models: one with a toroidal component and the other with helical and tangled components. By analyzing the spectra of Mrk 501 observed by MAGIC and Fermi-LAT from 2017-06-17 to 2019-07-23, which are well-described by both emission scenarios, we derive constraints on the ALP parameters. Our results demonstrate that both the emission scenario and the magnetic field structure play a significant role in deriving these constraints, with the hadronic model leading to much more stringent limits compared to the leptonic model. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Hadrons

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