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Dysfunction and recovery of the cortical connectome gradient and its association with gene expression profiles in methamphetamine and heroin use disorders

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Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry 2025年 139卷 111391页

作者： Du, Zhe Yang, Wenhan Wen, Xinwen Cai, Suping Liu, Jun Yuan, Kai School of Life Science and Technology Xidian University Shaanxi Xi'an 710126 China Department of Radiology Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha 410011 China Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Pattern Recognition and Intelligent Image Processing School of Information Engineering Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology Inner Mongolia Baotou 014010 China Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging Ministry of Education Shaanxi Xi'an China Ganzhou City Key Laboratory of Mental Health The Third People's Hospital of Ganzhou City Jiangxi Ganzhou 341000 China Xi'an Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensing and Regulation of Trans-Scale Life Information School of Life Science and Technology Xidian University Shaanxi Xi'an 710126 China

Background: The hierarchy and segregation of community-based brain networks can be characterized by functional connectome gradient (FCG). Whether the cortical FCG was disrupted and could even be reversed after prolonged abstinence in substance use disorders (SUDs) remained unclear. Less is known about the underlying genetic basis. Methods: We utilized three independent datasets (n = 247) to investigate cortical FCG dysfunction and recovery after prolonged abstinence in methamphetamine use disorder (MUD) (n = 131), and validated in heroin use disorder (HUD) (n = 36). Furthermore, magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) was employed to test the relationship between the glutamate in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and cortical FCG. Postmortem gene expression was utilized to assess the transcriptional profiles related to cortical FCG alterations. Support vector regression (SVR) model based on the baseline cortical FCG was built to predict craving changes after long-term abstinence. Results: MUD and HUD individuals exhibited similar cortical FCG dysfunction and recovery at global and network levels, mainly in dorsal and ventral attentions network (DAN and VAN), frontoparietal network (FPN) and default mode network (DMN). The glutamate levels in VTA were correlated with the gradient distance between FPN and limbic network (LIM). The transcriptional profiles explained variance of the altered gradient pattern, with the most related genes enriched in synaptic signaling. Baseline cortical FCG significantly predicted craving changes after long-term abstinence. Conclusions: We provided novel insights into the understanding of SUD as treatable health conditions from cortical FCG changes, which could be considered as the potential biomarkers of craving changes after prolonged abstinence for SUDs. © 2025 Elsevier Inc.

关键词： Cortical functional connectome gradient Gene expression Glutamate Heroin use disorder Methamphetamine use disorder Support vector regression

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An Improved Embedding Model for Zero-Shot Classification based on Attention Mechanism

An Improved Embedding Model for Zero-Shot Classification bas...

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IEEE Advanced information Technology, Electronic and Automation Control Conference (IAEAC)

作者： Zongfeng Wu Qishen Li Xiao Yu Xu Peng School of Information Engineering Nanchang Hangkong University Nanchang Jiangxi China Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Image Processing and Pattern Recognition Nanchang Jiangxi China

ISBN: (数字)9781728180281

ISBN: (纸本)9781728180298

It is well-known that the auxiliary information plays a key role in zero-shot classification. However, most of the existing popular methods do not make effective use of auxiliary information. To address this issue, we propose an improved embedding model for zero-shot classification based on attention mechanism, called EMAM. In the proposed EMAM, we first add an attention mechanism to effectively extract the key information of auxiliary information in zero-shot classification. Then optimizes the objective function to improve the recognition rate of this model. Finally the experimental comparison is implemented on the standard zero-shot learning datasets. The experimental results demonstrate that our proposed EMAM not only verifies its validity, but also achieves good results.

关键词： Automation Conferences Linear programming Data mining information technology Standards

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MARL-based calibration for cameras with large FOV

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Optica Acta: International Journal of Optics 2024年第1-3期71卷

作者： Xinyu Yang Fuhan Chen Jingwen Jiang Hui Xie Qiaofeng Ou Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Image Processing and Pattern Recognition School of Information Engineering Nanchang Hangkong University Nanchang People’s Republic of China

Achieving high-precision measurements in a large field of view (FOV) is a challenging task. The accuracy of vision measurements is determined by the quality of camera calibration, which is influenced by the pose of the target. To obtain suitable target pose, a target pose optimization method based on multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) is proposed. Firstly, the target pose optimization problem is modelled as a Markov decision process (MDP). Secondly, a multi-agent proximal policy optimization (MAPPO) algorithm for target pose optimization is designed by parameter sharing mechanism. Finally, optimization algorithm is adopted to camera calibration process. The calibration experiment was carried out under the large FOV of 4600 mm × 2300 mm. The results show that the back-projection error was 0.198 mm, the relative error of the diagonal length of target (505.847 mm) was 0.789 mm, and the success rate of large FOV camera calibration was 98.5%.

关键词： Camera calibration large FOV target pose optimization MARL MDP MAPPO

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Investigation on ULA Fitting Promoting Low Coupling Sparse Arrays

Investigation on ULA Fitting Promoting Low Coupling Sparse A...

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International Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society Symposium (ACES)

作者： Yichang Yao Wanlu Shi Yingsong Li Zhixiang Huang Guohui Yang Kuang Zhang College of Information and Communication Engineering Harbin Engineering University Harbin China Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Target Recognition and Feature Extraction LuAn China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing Ministry of Education Anhui University China School of Electronics and Information Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China

A low coupling sparse array (LCSA) is presented, analyzed and discussed on the basis of the recent proposed uniform linear array (ULA) fitting scheme with close-expressions, and its performance with different uniform subarrays in the basic layer is investigated via parameter estimation like direction-of-arrival(DOA). The results gives a superior performance for the presented LCSA.

关键词： Couplings Mutual coupling Direction-of-arrival estimation Fitting Estimation Computational electromagnetics

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Human Pose Estimation Based on Multi-resolution Feature Fusion Network

Human Pose Estimation Based on Multi-resolution Feature Fusi...

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IEEE Advanced information Technology, Electronic and Automation Control Conference (IAEAC)

作者： Weibai Duan Qishen Li Sihao Yuan Xiao Yu School of Information Engineering Nanchang Hangkong University Nanchang Jiangxi China Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Image Processing and Pattern Recognition Nanchang Jiangxi China

ISBN: (数字)9781728180281

ISBN: (纸本)9781728180298

This article focuses on the study of multi-resolution feature fusion methods for human pose estimation. Most of the existing pose estimation methods are based on high-resolution gradually reducing the resolution to learn advanced semantic features, and then gradually recovering high-resolution features from the low-resolution semantic features to locate keypoints of the person instance. The process without fusion of rich features will inevitably lose more spatial and semantic information. The purpose of the multi-resolution feature fusion method proposed in this paper is to fuse spatial and semantic information on multiple scale feature maps, in addition, our network use the multi-receptive field fusion module on the same scale features to enhance feature extraction. Our methods can utilize more feature information to accurately locate keypoints.

关键词： Fuses Semantics Pose estimation Feature extraction Spatial resolution Kernel information technology

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VGTS: Visually Guided Text Spotting for Novel Categories in Historical Manuscripts

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Hu, Wenbo Zhan, Hongjian Ma, Xinchen Liu, Cong Yin, Bing Lu, Yue Suen, Ching Y. School of Communication and Electronic Engineering East China Normal University Shanghai200062 China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multidimensional Information Processing Shanghai200241 China Centre for Pattern Recognition and Machine Intelligence Concordia University MontrealH3G 1M8 Canada iFLYTEK Research iFLYTEK Hefei230088 China

In the field of historical manuscript research, scholars frequently encounter novel symbols in ancient texts, investing considerable effort in their identification and documentation. Although existing object detection methods achieve impressive performance on known categories, they struggle to recognize novel symbols without retraining. To address this limitation, we propose a Visually Guided Text Spotting (VGTS) approach that accurately spots novel characters using just one annotated support sample. The core of VGTS is a spatial alignment module consisting of a Dual Spatial Attention (DSA) block and a Geometric Matching (GM) block. The DSA block aims to identify, focus on, and learn discriminative spatial regions in the support and query images, mimicking the human visual spotting process. It first refines the support image by analyzing inter-channel relationships to identify critical areas, and then refines the query image by focusing on informative key points. The GM block, on the other hand, establishes the spatial correspondence between the two images, enabling accurate localization of the target character in the query image. To tackle the example imbalance problem in low-resource spotting tasks, we develop a novel torus loss function that enhances the discriminative power of the embedding space for distance metric learning. To further validate our approach, we introduce a new dataset featuring ancient Dongba hieroglyphics (DBH) associated with the Naxi minority of China. Extensive experiments on the DBH dataset and other public datasets, including EGY, VML-HD, TKH, and NC, show that VGTS consistently surpasses state-of-the-art methods. The proposed framework exhibits great potential for application in historical manuscript text spotting, enabling scholars to efficiently identify and document novel symbols with minimal annotation effort. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Object detection

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A study on soft x-ray spectra from pulsed 1 μm Nd:YAG laser-induced ytterbium plasmas

A study on soft x-ray spectra from pulsed 1 μm Nd:YAG laser...

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作者： Wu, Tao He, Jun Yang, Li Lu, Peixiang Hubei Key Laboratory Optical Information and Pattern Recognition School of Optical Information and Energy Engineering Wuhan Institute of Technology Wuhan430205 China Guangdong Intelligent Robotics Institute Dongguan523808 China

The Nd:YAG laser with a wavelength of 1.064 μm was used to generate plasmas on a high-purity solid ytterbium (70Yb) target in a vacuum chamber. The soft x-ray time- and space-integration spectra from the Yb plasmas were measured in the wavelength range of 1.0-8.5 nm under different power densities. The atomic spectral data of the unresolved transition arrays from highly charged Yb ions were calculated based on Cowan's suite of codes, including configuration interaction. The calculated Gaussian envelope of the emission determined by the weighted spontaneous transition rates was compared with the experimental spectra, and a good agreement between them was obtained. The spatial-temporal evolutions of the plasmas under the experimental conditions are simulated based on the collisional-radiative model, enabling the understanding of the mechanism of the plasma conditions for optimal water window waveband emission output. © 2020 Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences and IOP Publishing.

关键词： Yttrium aluminum garnet

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Dynamically Mitigating Data Discrepancy with Balanced Focal Loss for Replay Attack Detection

Dynamically Mitigating Data Discrepancy with Balanced Focal ...

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International Conference on pattern recognition

作者： Yongqiang Dou Haocheng Yang Maolin Yang Yanyan Xu Dengfeng Ke Engineering Research Center for Forestry-oriented Intelligent Information Processing National Forestry and Grassland Administration National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

It becomes urgent to design effective anti-spoofing algorithms for vulnerable automatic speaker verification systems due to the advancement of high-quality playback devices. Current studies mainly treat anti-spoofing as a binary classification problem between bonafide and spoofed utterances, while lack of indistinguishable samples makes it difficult to train a robust spoofing detector. In this paper, we argue that for anti-spoofing, it needs more attention for indistinguishable samples over easily-classified ones in the modeling process, to make correct discrimination a top priority. Therefore, to mitigate the data discrepancy between training and inference, we propose to leverage a balanced focal loss function as the training objective to dynamically scale the loss based on the traits of the sample itself. Besides, in the experiments, we select three kinds of features that contain both magnitude-based and phase-based information to form complementary and informative features. Experimental results on the ASVspoof2019 dataset demonstrate the superiority of the proposed methods by comparison between our systems and top-performing ones. Systems trained with the balanced focal loss perform significantly better than conventional cross-entropy loss. With complementary features, our fusion system with only three kinds of features outperforms other systems containing five or more complex single models by 22.5% for min-tDCF and 7% for EER, achieving a min-tDCF and an EER of 0.0124 and 0.55% respectively. Furthermore, we present and discuss the evaluation results on real replay data apart from the simulated ASVspoof2019 data, indicating that research for anti-spoofing still has a long way to go.

关键词： Training Learning systems Deep learning Bridges Time-frequency analysis Neural networks Detectors

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Large second-harmonic vortex beam generation with quasi-nonlinear spin–orbit interaction

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Science Bulletin 2021年第5期66卷 449-456,M0004页

作者： Wenchao Zhao Kai Wang Xuanmiao Hong Bingxia Wang Xiaobo Han Kun Wang Weiwei Liu Hua Long Bing Wang Peixiang Lu Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Physics Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Hubei Key Laboratory of Optical Information and Pattern Recognition Wuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan 430205China Guangdong Intelligent Robotics Institute Dongguan 523808China CAS Center for Excellence in Ultra-intense Laser Science Shanghai 201800China

A harmonic vortex beam is a typical vector beam with a helical wavefront at harmonic frequencies(e.g.,second and third harmonics). It provides an additional degree of freedom beyond spin-and orbitalangular momentum, which may greatly increase the capacity for communicating and encoding information. However, conventional harmonic vortex beam generators suffer from complex designs and a low nonlinear conversion efficiency. Here, we propose and experimentally demonstrate the generation of a large second-harmonic(SH) vortex beam with quasi-nonlinear spin–orbit interaction(SOI). Highquality SH vortex beams with large topological charges up to 28 are realized experimentally. This indicated that the quasi-angular-momentum of a plasmonic spiral phase plate at the excitation wavelength(topological charge, q) could be imprinted on the harmonic signals from the attached WS2 monolayer. The generated harmonic vortex beam has a topological charge of l_(n)= 2 nq(n is the harmonic order). The results may open new avenues for generating harmonic optical vortices for optical communications and enables novel multi-functional hybrid metasurface devices to manipulate harmonic beams.

关键词： Plasmonic metasurface Orbital-angular momentum Monolayer WS_(2) Second-harmonic generation Metalenses

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Abundant Semantic information Module for Object Detection

Abundant Semantic Information Module for Object Detection

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Algorithms, High Performance Computing and Artificial Intelligence (AHPCAI), International Conference on

作者： Taida Wu Qishen Li Qiufeng Li Jun Gao School of Information Engineering Nanchang Hangkong University Nanchang Jiangxi China Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Image Processing and Pattern Recognition Nanchang Jiangxi China School of Software Nanchang Hangkong University Nanchang Jiangxi China Key Laboratory of Nondestructive Testing (Ministry of Education) Nanchang Hangkong University Nanchang Jiangxi China

Nowadays, with the high-speed iteration of convolution neural network, the efficient object detector emerges one after another. As an important branch of computer vision, object detection aims to detect where and what the object is. However, nowadays, many detector cannot extract abundant semantic information to discriminate the location and size of the objects, resulting in poor performance of the network. In this paper, a new module is proposed, named Abundant Semantic information Module (ASIM), to enrich and expand the semantic information of the object with more and larger receptive fields. In ASIM, we blend the extracted feature maps to different degrees with different blending factors and fuse them so that all object information is given full attention. Compared to the baseline method, a wealth of experiments show that our module has achieved a significant performance improvement.

关键词： Location awareness Fuses High performance computing Semantics Neural networks Object detection Detectors

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