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Density Modification of Dnapl Using Self-Demulsifying Colloidal Biliquid Aphron: Kinetics, Mechanisms and Influencing Factors

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Yang, Chaoge Liu, Fangyuan Zhang, Chunpeng Dong, Jun Key Lab of Groundwater Resources and Environment Ministry of Education Jilin University Changchun130021 China National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Petrochemical Contaminated Site Control and Remediation Technology Jilin University 2519 Jiefang Road Jilin Changchun130021 China

Density-modification remediation of dense nonaqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) using colloidal biliquid aphron (CBLA) is an efficient means of enhancing flushing and avoiding the risk of downward migration of DNAPL. However, the use of demulsifier is currently necessary for CBLA to achieve density modification. This leads to issues such as low modification efficiency and the risk of secondary contamination of the demulsifier. In this work, we developed a self-demulsifying CBLA (PO-CBLA-S) for density-modification remediation of DNAPL, eliminating the need for external demulsifiers. The self-demulsification process exhibited pseudo-secondary reaction kinetics, achieving densities below 1 g/cm3 for various DNAPLs. Groundwater chemistry parameters (pH, anions, cations, temperature, and humic acid content) were investigated for their impact on perchloroethylene (PCE) density modification. Cations were found to enhance PO-CBLA-S density modification more than anions. pH value negatively correlates with the efficiency of density modificaiton, while temperature positively correlates. High concentrations of HA also have a favorable facilitating effect on the density modification. The mechanisms of self-demulsifying density modification were clarified at the microscale. Surfactant entanglement caused by internal surfactant-solvent interaction decreased the stability of PO-CBLA-S, leading to self-demulsification. This study addresses density modification challenges and provides a theoretical foundation for its groundwater remediation applications. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Positive ions

Enhanced Water Decontamination Via Photogenerated Electron Delocalization of Π→Π* and D-Π-A Synergistically

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Wang, Yishun Lin, Zili Zhang, Xiaoyu Chen, Ping Zhang, Qianxin Lv, Wenying Liu, Guoguang Zhu, Yongfa Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control School of Environmental Science and Engineering Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou510006 China School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China

Mixed-dimensional van der Waals heterojunctions (MD-vdWhs), known for exceptional electron transfer and charge separation capabilities, remain underexplored in photocatalysis. In this study, we leveraged the synergistic effect of intermolecular π→π* and D-π-A dual channels to fabricate novel MD-vdWhs. Owing to the synergistic effect, it exhibits superior electron transfer and delocalization ability, thereby enhancing its photocatalytic performance. Additionally, we introduced a novel proof strategy for investigating the photoelectron transfer path, creatively demonstrating the synergistic dual channels effect, which can be attributed to the carbonyl density and light-excitation degree. Notably, even under low-power light sources, it achieved complete inactivation of Escherichia coli within just 7 mins, far surpassing current cutting-edge research. This theoretical framework holds promise for broader applications within related studies. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Charge transfer

Innovative Compact Thermal Management for High-Density Lithium-Ion Batteries: A Hybrid Cooling Solution

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Yuan, Xiaolu Zheng, Rentong Yang, Jiaming Kong, Benben Shi, Hong College of Energy & Power Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and Technology 2 Mengxi Jingkou Zhenjiang212003 China Key Laboratory of Aircraft Environment Control and Life Support MIIT Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics 29 Yudao Street Nanjing210016 China

Efficient heat dissipation technology for high heat flux density in compact energy storage battery packs is crucial for future development and currently represents a major bottleneck in technological advancement. To address this issue, this study proposes an innovative thermal management strategy: a compact hybrid air-cooling and liquid-cooling system designed to optimize the thermal efficiency of lithium-ion battery modules. The research methodology included the development of a physical model for the battery thermal management system (BTMS), complemented by experimental validation and grid independence checks to ensure the precision of the simulation outcomes. A controlled variable technique was applied to thoroughly examine the effects of five pivotal parameters on BTMS efficacy: the height of the liquid cooling tubes, the angle of contact between the tubes and the batteries, the velocity of the cooling liquid at the inlet, and the temperature of the cooling water. To simplify the analytical process and enable swift optimization, the study innovatively incorporated orthogonal experimental design, genetic aggregation, and the rank sum ratio (RSR) method, thereby circumventing the need for extensive CFD predictive computations. The optimal system configuration, as determined by these techniques, realized a peak surface temperature of 26.6 °C, a temperature gradient of 3.5 °C, a total energy expenditure of 52486 J, and a system mass of 0.099 kg under specific conditions: a 0 mm elevation difference between the cooling tubes and batteries, a 60° contact angle, a cooling liquid flow rate of 0.93 m/s, and a cooling water temperature of 22.5 °C. The results of this study confirm that the proposed hybrid cooling system markedly improves the thermal performance of lithium-ion battery modules, providing a practical solution for high-power applications. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Lithium-ion batteries

Impact of modified parameterizations in CLM5.0 on soil hydrothermal dynamics in permafrost regions of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2025年第2期16卷 213-229页

作者： Yang, Shu-Hua Zhao, Lin Hu, Guo-Jie Cao, Jian-Jun Huang, Qing Wu, Tong-Hua Wu, Xiao-Dong Zhang, Yu-Xin Du, Yi-Zhen Li, Dong-Liang Chen, Jian Li, Ren School of Environmental Sciences Nanjing Xiaozhuang University Nanjing 211171 China School of Geographical Sciences Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology (NUIST) Nanjing 210044 China Cryosphere Research Station on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science and Frozen Soil Engineering Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China Department of Tourism Resources and Environment Zaozhuang University Zaozhuang 277160 China

Accurate understanding and modeling of soil hydrothermal dynamics in permafrost regions is essential for reliably assessing future permafrost changes and their impacts. However, the inadequate representation of soil water‒heat transport processes in current land surface models (LSMs) introduces large uncertainty in simulating permafrost dynamics, particularly on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau (QTP). In this study, we modified the parameterizations of soil thermal conductivity, unfrozen water and soil evaporation resistance in version 5.0 of the Community Land Model (CLM5.0) and assessed their effects on soil hydrothermal dynamics in permafrost regions on the QTP using in-situ measurements at the depths of 10–40 cm. The results showed that soil temperature was more sensitive to the modified soil thermal conductivity and unfrozen water schemes, with average RMSE reduced by approximately 0.60 °C compared to the default CLM5.0. Soil moisture was mainly affected by the unfrozen water scheme during freezing and by the optimized soil evaporation resistance scheme during thawing, with maximum accuracy improvements of 8% and 25%, respectively. All three schemes significantly improved soil thermal conductivity simulations, reducing RMSE by over 80%. Overall, our modifications remarkably reduced simulation errors compared to the default schemes, improving the average accuracy of soil temperature, soil moisture and soil thermal conductivity by approximately 16%, 21% and 81% respectively. Additionally, this study emphasized the importance of accurately representing permafrost-related processes in LSMs, as they significantly affected simulation results. Specifically, soil thermodynamics is strongly sensitive to subtle changes in soil moisture transport processes, such as the hysteresis effect of unfrozen water content, and parameterizations of snowpack and vegetation. Therefore, future work should focus on enhancing the accurate representations of these processes and optimized paramet

关键词： CLM5.0 Parameterization modification Permafrost Qinghai–Tibet Plateau Soil hydrothermal

A Novel and Efficient Method for Predicting Spatial and Temporal Evolution of Coastal Urban Pluvial Flood Without Drainage Network

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Qin, Jintao Gao, Liang Lin, Kairong Shen, Ping State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Macau China State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City Department of Ocean Science and Technology University of Macau China Center of Water Resources and Environment School of Civil Engineering Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou510275 China

Because the increase in urban pluvial flood risks, proposing a prediction method is essential. However, accurately predicting spatiotemporal flood evolution is often impeded by incomplete or missing drainage data. This study proposes a hybrid method where a machine learning module is applied to prognosticate point waterlogging depth for real-time determination of equivalent infiltration and flood maps in the equivalent drainage module to address this issue. The accuracy and efficiency of hybrid method in flood prediction under missing drainage data are highlighted by comparing with two hydrodynamic models. The outcomes evince that the waterlogging prediction deviation of the hybrid method is less than 0.1 m during design storms, while the computational efficiency can ideally reach up to 5 times of the traditional 1D/2D coupled hydrodynamic model. Overall, the hybrid method offers a promising solution for early warning and mitigation of urban pluvial floods, especially for cities lacking drainage data. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Machine learning

Research on Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Ecological Evolution in North China Based on Computer Machine Learning and GIS Spatial Analysis

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Research on Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Ecological Evo...

Power, Electrical engineering, Electronics and Control (PEEEC), International Conference on

作者： Chengyu Wang Runqiao Zhang Zhongguan Wen College of Earth Science and Engineering Xi’an Shiyou University Xi’an China Key Laboratory for Urban Habitat Environmental Science and Technology School of Environment and Energy Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School Shenzhen China School of Geosciences Yangtze University Wuhan China

ISBN: (数字)9798350378917

ISBN: (纸本)9798350378924

The agro-pastoral ecotone is an ecologically fragile and sensitive area. Based on multi-source data, this research analyzes the Geo-Informatic tupu and forecasts of the ecological evolution of Ordos city in the agro-pastoral zone from 1990 to 2020. The findings reveal that: (1) Fractional vegetation cover(FVC) has been in a tendency to decrease first and then continue to increase in the last 30 years, with a total of 85% of regions with medium or higher cover by 2020.(2)The Land-Use and Land-Cover Change(LUCC)has remained relatively stable over the last 30 years, with unused land dominating the stable areas $(43.38 \%)$ and unused land changing to woodland dominating the changing areas ($\gt14 \% / 10 a$), and ecological restoration measures being effective, with farmland forecast being turned mainly to grassland $\mathbf{(9 . 5 6 \%}$) and unused land to woodland $(9.20 \%)$ between 2020 and 2030.(3)In the last 30 years, the average annual temperature and annual equivalent precipitation have been fluctuating upwards, and the annual equivalent precipitation line has been moving in and out widely, with extreme drought (200mm) in 2000 and 2005, and the forecast indicates that temperature and humidity will continue to rise slowly in the future. It is found that the ecological quality of Ordos has fluctuated and improved over time due to the positive and negative effects of climate change and human activities. Therefore, ecological restoration and governance play a pivotal role, and scientific measures to deal with climate change in the future are essential to prevent ecological risks.

关键词： Climate change Agriculture Geographic information systems Ecology Temperature measurement Precipitation Vegetation mapping Land use planning Urban areas Land surface temperature Grasslands Droughts Humidity measurement Urban areas

A Promising Composite Solid Electrolyte of Garnet-Type Llzto and Succinonitrile in Thermal Polyurethane Matrix for All-Solid-State Lithium-Ion Batteries

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Zhao, Zhiguang Wu, Borong Zhang, Yuanxing Cui, Jingwen Zhang, Ling Su, Yuefeng Wu, Feng Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Science and Engineering School of Material Science and Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing100081 China Chongqing Innovation Center Beijing Institute of Technology Chongqing401120 China Beijing Higher Institution Engineering Research Center of Power Battery and Chemical Energy Materials Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing100081 China

For solid-state electrolyte in lithium-ion batteries, high crystal boundary impedance leads to tough electrolyte-electrode interfacial issues. Here, we introduce garnet Li6.4La3Zr1.4Ta0.6O12 (LLZTO) nanoparticles and succinonitrile (SN) into thermal polyurethane (TPU) to fabricate a composite solid-state electrolyte (TPU/LLZTO/SN), achieving high ionic conductivity of 6.452 ´ 10-4 S cm-1. The TPU polymer with specific soft and hard segments allows lithium ions fast transport and holds good mechanical strength as the electrolyte matrix. The ionic conductor LLZTO further improves the ionic conductivity and mechanical property of the composite electrolyte membrane. Additional SN supplies the electrolyte’ wide electrochemical stabilization window, and enhances the metallic lithium compatibility of the TPU matrix. As a result, the as prepared TPU/LLZTO/SN electrolyte presents high lithium ions transference number of 0.64, and also good mechanical property. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Ionic conductivity

Front Aerobic Biological Treatment of Toxic Industrial Wastewater for Toxicity Inhibition and Nitrogen Release: A Case Study of Coking Wastewater Treatment

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Zhang, Heng Wei, Chaohai Chen, Acong Ke, Xiong Lia, Zemin Qin, Zhi Tian, Yuxin Wu, Haizhen Qiu, Guanglei Zhua, Shuang School of Environment and Energy South China University of Technology Guangdong Guangzhou510006 China School of Biology and Biological Engineering South China University of Technology Guangdong Guangzhou510006 China School of Environment South China Normal University Guangdong Guangzhou510006 China School of Environment and Energy Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling South China University of Technology Guangdong Guangzhou510006 China School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics Guangdong Pharmaceutical University Guangzhou510006 China

Biological treatment of industrial wastewater characterized by high organic loads rate (OLR), toxicity inhibition, high total nitrogen concentrations and nitrogen sequestration in toxic pollutants is a challenge. While the commonly used Anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic (AAO) process struggles with stability and nitrification, the performance of the front aerobic unit process remains underexplored. Here, we monitored Unit O1 in a full-scale coking wastewater (CWW) treatment Aerobic-Hydrolysis-Aerobic (OHO) process for nine months. Our findings reveal that the aerobic biological fluidized bed reactor (BFBR) OHO-O1 achieves stable detoxification and nitrification. By regulating dissolved oxygen (DO), we sustained long-term stability and activated ammonification, nitrosation, and complete nitrification phases. Our analyses demonstrate the significant impact of wastewater characteristics and dissolved oxygen on microbial community succession, C/N metabolic pathways, and related functional genes. Based on the results of metagenomic binning and proposed an ecological model of microorganisms synergised by toxic compound removing functional bacteria, autotrophic/heterotrophic nitrifying bacteria and denitrifying bacteria. In conclusion, our study sheds light on the potential of the front aerobic process to establish a stable ecosystem with simultaneous detoxification and nitrification, offering valuable insights for optimizing industrial wastewater treatment processes. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Dissolved oxygen

Nonlinear Ultrasonic Response in Single-Crystal Aluminum Without or with Dislocation Dipole: Atomic Insights

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Shen, Jinchuan Zhou, Jinjie Zheng, Yang Yue, Wenying Shen, Xingquan School of Mechanical Engineering North University of China Taiyuan030051 China Shanxi Key Laboratory of Intelligent Equipment Technology in Harsh Environment North University of China Taiyuan030051 China China Special Equipment Inspection and Research Institute Beijing100029 China

The nonlinear ultrasonic detection method shows potential for providing early warnings of material fatigue damage. However, the contribution of dislocation defects to nonlinear ultrasonics lacks atomic-level insights. This paper aims to elucidate nonlinear effects that are caused by anharmonic atomic potentials and dislocation dipoles during ultrasound propagation. Atomistic simulations have confirmed the sensitivity of dislocation dipole defects to nonlinear ultrasound and identified potential reasons for nonlinear effects' negative contribution. The intrinsic nonlinearity of materials mainly originates from the positive stress component in the ultrasonic stress. The nonlinearity of dislocations arises from the stress field near dislocation dipoles and the stress-strain relationship. Acoustic attenuation, sound velocity, and backscattered signals are also sensitive to dislocation dipoles. It is expected that as a supplement to nonlinear parameters, they will characterize materials' early damage states. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Molecular dynamics