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Simulation of Hybrid Air-Cooled and Liquid-Cooled Systems for Optimal Lithium-Ion Battery Performance and Condensation Prevention in High-Humidity environments

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Zhang, Bixiao Yuan, Nenglin Kong, Benben Zou, Yitao Shi, Hong College of Energy & Power Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and Technology 2 Mengxi Jingkou Zhenjiang212003 China Key Laboratory of Aircraft environment control and life support MIIT Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics 29 Yudao Street Nanjing210016 China

This study introduces an innovative hybrid air-cooled and liquid-cooled system designed to mitigate condensation in lithium-ion battery thermal management systems (BTMS) operating in high-humidity environments. The proposed system features a unique return air structure that enhances the thermal stability and safety of the batteries by recirculating air through the battery box, thereby utilizing residual heat to prevent condensation. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations were employed to analyze and optimize the system's thermal management performance under various airflow velocities and temperature conditions. The study results show that compared to traditional liquid cooling systems, the proposed hybrid system reduces the condensation area by approximately 39.68% at a wind speed of 0.5 m/s, and the temperature difference decreases by 0.35 K. The integration of flow deflectors further improves the anti-condensation effect, achieving a phase change rate greater than 0 in the cooling area, thereby enabling condensation-free operation throughout the entire cooling zone. A comprehensive evaluation using the entropy weight-TOPSIS method and nonlinear surface fitting was conducted to assess multiple schemes regarding heat dissipation, anti-condensation measures, and energy consumption. The optimal operating conditions were identified as an airflow velocity (Vair) of 1.29 m/s and a liquid flow velocity (Vwater) of 0.22 m/s, resulting in a maximum temperature difference (ΔT) of 3.98 K, a maximum temperature (Tmax) of 302.36 K, and energy consumption values (Enair and Enwater) of 0.158 J and 0.192 J, respectively. The proposed system not only addresses the thermal management challenges of lithium-ion batteries in high humidity environments, but also effectively ensures the insulation safety of electronic components. It provides a reliable solution for electric vehicles and other high-efficiency thermal management applications, demonstrating significant engineering a

关键词： Cooling systems

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Crispr Analysis Based on Pt@Mof Dual-Modal Signal for Multichannel Fluorescence and Visual Detection of Norovirus

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Mao, Zefeng Chen, Ruipeng Lei, Huang Ren, Shuyue Liu, Baolin Gao, Zhixian Tianjin Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment and Food Safety Military Medical Sciences Academy Academy of Military Sciences Tianjin300050 China School of Health Science and Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai200093 China Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine China

Norovirus (NoV) is a globally prevalent pathogen causing acute viral gastroenteritis across all age groups, characterized by high infectivity and a low infectious dose. Developing rapid, sensitive, and accurate detection technologies for NoV is challenging. In this study, we successfully developed a CRISPR analysis method mediated by Pt@MOF. The synthesized dual-modal Pt@MOF nanoparticles demonstrated high peroxidase-like activity, excellent stability, and good dispersibility in water. Moreover, the deprotonation of Pt@MOF by alkali induced the release of fluorescent organic moieties, generating a fluorescent signal. Recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) is a rapid, sensitive, and specific isothermal amplification technique. The design of gRNA based on non-canonical PAM sequences allowed for the flexible targeting of NoV, and a Pt@MOF-mediated RT-RPA/CRISPR fluorescent colorimetric qualitative analysis was established. This strategy was validated in spiked food samples with a 100% accuracy rate, consistent with RT-qPCR results. In summary, this work demonstrates a viable approach for constructing a dual-modal CRISPR biosensing platform based on multifunctional MOF probes for bioanalysis, along with a flexible and versatile strategy for gRNA design based on non-canonical PAM sequences. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Colorimetric analysis

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Designed of Multifunctional Fluorescent Probe for Detecting Zn2+/ Clo-/H2o and Application in High-Security Level Information Encryption

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Wang, Huizhen Guo, Yunyun Tang, Yan Tang, Qiaolin Yin, Sijie Xie, Zhengfeng Chang, Guanjun School of Science Asymmetric Synthesis and Chiral technology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Xihua University Chengdu610039 China State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials School of Materials and Chemistry Southwest University of Science and Technology Mianyang621010 China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Southwest Petroleum University Chengdu610500 China

In this article, a Schiff base-structured compound (TNB) was synthesized using 3-hydroxy-2-naphthaldehyde hydrazone and 2-hydroxy-5-tert-butylbenzaldehyde as starting materials. The structure of TNB was characterized using NMR spectroscopy, high-resolution MS, and IR spectroscopy. Studies showed that TNB can selectively recognize Zn2+/ClO- in solvent system of H2O/DMSO. Fluorescence and UV-vis spectrophotometry were used to investigate the spectral properties of TNB. TNB displayed a significant fluorescence enhancement effect when bound to Zn2+, while binding to ClO- resulted in fluorescence quenching. Job's plot and NMR titration were used to study the binding mechanism of TNB with Zn2+/ClO-. Linear standard curves were fitted for different Zn2+/ClO- concentrations corresponding to fluorescence intensity, and detection limits (LOD) were determined as 5.0300×10-9 mol/L (Zn2+) and 3.1700×10-9 mol/L (ClO-). Furthermore, TNB was used to determine trace water in organic solvents. The fluorescence intensity changes with water content were measured in three organic solvents (THF, DMSO, and acetone). Detection limits (LOD) were calculated as 1.4×10-4 % (THF), 8.3×10-4 % (DMSO), and 1.2×10-3 % (acetone). Using the characteristic reactions of TNB with Zn2+, a two-dimensional code information encryption technology was developed and can be used for high-security information encryption and transmission. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Cryptography

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Toxic Effects and Mechanisms of Cationic Blue Sd-Gsl on Chlorella Vulgaris Before and after the Biological Decolorization Process

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Liang, Jie Zhang, Chong-Miao Zhu, Cong-Cong School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology Xi'An710055 China Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource Environment and Ecology Ministry of Education Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology Xi'An710055 China International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Urban Alternative Water Resources Development Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology Xi'An710055 China

Biodegradation is regarded as an efficient way to decolorize azo dyes. However, the changes in the algal toxicity of azo dyes during biological decolorization are still unclear. In this study, the physiological responses of Chlorella vulgaris to the hydrophobic and hydrophilic components of cationic blue SD-GSL and its biological decolorization products were investigated. The toxicity of each component to Chlorella vulgaris and the sources of the toxicity were analyzed. The hydrophobic and hydrophilic components of cationic blue SD-GSL inhibited the algal cell division and superoxide dismutase activity (SOD) at all concentrations, and inhibited the synthesis of chlorophyll a (Chl-a) at concentrations >100 mg/L, whereas increased the malondialdehyde content (MDA). Compared with cationic blue SD-GSL, the hydrophobic and hydrophilic components of its biological decolorization products enhanced the inhibition of the cell density (10.68% and 15.61%, respectively), Chl-a content (31.15% and 8.39%, respectively) and SOD activity (13.51% and 1.85%, respectively) of Chlorella vulgaris, and increased the MDA content (4.38% and 7.00%, respectively), indicating that the biological decolorization process may aggravate the algal toxicity of cationic blue SD-GSL. The sensitivity sequence of Chlorella vulgaris to the toxicity of cationic blue SD-GSL and its biological decolorization products was: Chl-a synthesis > SOD activity > cell division. SUVA analysis and 3D-EEM analysis revealed that the enhanced algal toxicity of the biological decolorization products of cationic blue SD-GSL was attributed to aromatic compounds generated in the biological decolorization process, which were mainly concentrated in the hydrophobic components. Our findings may provide new insights into the toxic effects of azo dyes on microalgae before and after their biological decolorization. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Toxicity

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Evaluation of pollution potential in swine manure across growth stages: Impact of dietary nutrients and management strategies

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Science of the Total environment 2025年 958卷 177942页

作者： Fan, Hongyong Li, Chenghao Zhang, Wenxuan Liu, Chaoxiang Abass, Olusegun K. Liu, Lin Huang, Xu Sun, Yingjie Wang, Huawei Gesiye, Maureen W. Chen, Wushan School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering Qingdao University of Technology Qingdao266520 China College of Environment & Safety Engineering Fuzhou University Fuzhou350108 China Department of Civil Engineering and ReNEWACT Laboratory SDG 9 - Industry Innovation and Infrastructure Landmark University P.M.B 1001 Omu Aran251103 Nigeria Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion Institute of Urban Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Xiamen361021 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China Nanjing County Feng Xiuzhen Animal Husbandry Co. Ltd. Fujian 350108 China

Regulation of dietary nutrient fractions to control the release of labile manure pollutants in swine production remains a challenge. Feeding trials were conducted to assess the impact of dietary nutrient fractions on labile manure composition and pollution potential in pigs at different growth stages. The pigs were selected based on age (weaning = 60 days, feeding = 100 days, and finishing = 160 days), health, and average body weight (23.7 kg, 50.5 kg, and 109.0 kg respectively) and fed with (1) high, (2) medium, and (3) low energy diets twice daily in all three growth stages. Urine and feces were collected for analysis. The study utilized correlation, nutrient balance analysis, and theoretical models to evaluate the dietary impact on nutrient distribution and pollution potential. Results showed higher nutrient retention (N, P, Cu, Zn) with the high-energy diet across all growth stages compared to the other two diet energy levels. Correlation analysis revealed that pigs' weight gain does not reflect dietary efficiency nor indicate lower pollution potential from nutrient retention. However, dietary nutrient fractions played more significant role in labile manure release compare to the total manure component. Overall, the dietary regulatory approach offers a sustainable strategy to mitigate environmental pollution while supporting nutrient recycling using manure with lower pollutant loads. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Labile manure Nutrient balance analysis Nutrient fraction Sustainable management Theoretical model

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Electromagnetic Buffer Characteristics of Operating Mechanism of Vacuum Circuit Breaker

Electromagnetic Buffer Characteristics of Operating Mechanis...

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2020 IEEE International Conference on Applied Superconductivity and Electromagnetic Devices, ASEMD 2020

作者： Jiang, Wentao Liu, Xiaoming Chen, Hai Li, Peiyuan School of Mechanical Engineering Tiangong Univ. Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy Tianjin China State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment Hebei University of Technology Tianjin China

ISBN: (纸本)9781728152158

This paper takes 1.14kV/630A/20kA fast vacuum circuit breaker for marine DC power system as the research object, the mathematical model of electromagnetic repulsion operating mechanism and rotationally symmetric magnetic field model is established using finite element analysis method. Take speed and displacement characteristics as the constraints, the objective is to keep the mechanism reliability. By studying the influence of buffer current and time on the buffer effect, the electromagnetic buffer design of the operating mechanism for the fast vacuum circuit breaker with short opening stroke and large breaking capacity is numerically simulated and analyzed. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Electric circuit breakers

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Optimizing Soil Tetrabromobisphenol a Remediation Through Iron-Based Activation of Persulfate: A Comparative Analysis of Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Systems

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Yuan, Xuehong Yu, Shuntao Liu, Yiwei Zhang, Xinfei Hua, Jie Hu, Xiaojun Xue, Nandong Zhang, Sai School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Shanghai Institute of Technology Shanghai201418 China Technical Center for Soil Agricultural and Rural Ecology and Environment Ministry of Ecology and Environment Beijing100012 China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Quality Improvement and Ecological Restoration for Watersheds School of Ecology Environment and Resources Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou510006 China Faculty of Environment and Life Beijing University of Technology Beijing100124 China Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences China

Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) that widely exists in soil and poses a potential threat to ecological environment urgently needs economically efficient remediation techniques. This study utilized both homogeneous Fe²⁺ solution and heterogeneous iron-based nanomaterials (chemically synthesized nano zero-valence iron (nZVI) and green-synthesized iron nanoparticles (G-Fe NPs)) to activate persulfate (PS) and assess their efficacy in degrading TBBPA in soil. The results demonstrate the superior performance of heterogeneous catalytic systems (WG-Fe NPs/PS (82.07%) and WnZVI/PS (78.32%)) over homogeneous catalytic system (WFe2+/PS (71.69%)), In addition, G-Fe NPs and nZVI effectively controlled the slow release of Fe2+. The optimization analysis using response surface methodology (RSM) reveal the remarkable significance of the experimental model based on the box-behnken design. RSM show that G-Fe NPs/PS exhibited optimal process parameters and predicted the maximum soil TBBPA degradation efficiency reaching 98.77%. The results of density functional theory calculations suggest that C-Br are the primary targets for electrophilic substitution reactions. Based on the f0 value and G, the degradation pathway of TBBPA is inferred to involve a sequential debromination process, followed by the cleavage of intermediate carbon-carbon bonds and subsequent oxidation reactions. Hence, G-Fe NPs/PS not only facilitate waste resource utilization but also hold significant application potential. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Density functional theory

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Multi-fault zone repair method for active distribution network considering the fluctuation characteristics of distributed resources

Multi-fault zone repair method for active distribution netwo...

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Energy Systems and Electrical Power (ICESEP), International Conference on

作者： Xinghua Huang Lingfei Li Han Wu Yuanliang Fan Zhikai Huang State Grid Fujian Electric Power Research Institute Fuzhou Fujian Fujian Key Enterprise Laboratory of High Reliability for Power Distribution Technology Fuzhou Fujian China State Grid Quanzhou Electric Power Supply Company Quanzhou Fujian China School of Electrical Engineering Southeast University Nanjing China

ISBN: (数字)9798350353563

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353570

The existing repair methods may be affected by signal interference, noise, equipment failure and other factors, resulting in inaccurate repair results, which will affect the subsequent fault partitioning and repair work. Therefore, a multi-fault regional repair method for active distribution network considering the fluctuation characteristics of distributed resources is designed. The load of active distribution network is divided into three categories: uncontrollable load, controllable load and adjustable load. The optimal recovery value objective function of load fluctuation is established by considering multiple indexes such as user satisfaction, loss load, network loss and minimum voltage. The experimental results show that the design method has the lowest fault time (0.18 seconds), the best performance in terms of user satisfaction (99.07%), and the best performance in the power loss load (633.16kW).

关键词： Fluctuations Noise Distribution networks Maintenance engineering Linear programming Safety Maintenance

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TAM: A Computing in Memory based on Tandem Array within STT-MRAM for Energy-Efficient Analog MAC Operation

TAM: A Computing in Memory based on Tandem Array within STT-...

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Design, Automation and Test in Europe Conference and Exhibition

作者： Jinkai Wang Zhengkun Gu Hongyu Wang Zuolei Hao Bojun Zhang Weisheng Zhao Yue Zhang MIIT Key Laboratory of Spintronics Fert Beijing Institute School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering Beihang University Beijing China State Key Laboratory of Software Development Environment School of Computer Science and Engineering Beihang University Beijing China Nanoelectronics Science and Technology Center Hefei Innovation Research Institute Beihang University Hefei China

Computing in memory (CIM) has been demonstrated promising for energy efficient computing. However, the dramatic growth of the data scale in neural network processors has aroused a demand for CIM architecture of higher bit density, for which the spin transfer torque magnetic RAM (STT-MRAM) with high bit density and performance arises as an up-and-coming candidate solution. In this work, we propose an analog CIM scheme based on tandem array within STT-MRAM (TAM) to further improve energy efficiency while achieving high bit density. First, the resistance summation based analog MAC operation minimizes the effect of low tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) by the serial magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) structure in the proposed tandem array with smaller area overhead. Moreover, a read scheme of resistive-to-binary is designed to achieve the MAC results accurately and reliably. Besides, the data-dependent error caused by MTJs in series has been eliminated with a proposed dynamic selection circuit. Simulation results of a 2Kb TAM architecture show 113.2 TOPS/W and 63.7 TOPS/W for 4-bit and 8-bit input/weight precision, respectively, and reduction by 39.3% for bit-cell area compared with existing array of MTJs in series.

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Electric Field Optimization of 400V/20kA DC Vacuum Interrupter

Electric Field Optimization of 400V/20kA DC Vacuum Interrupt...

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2020 IEEE International Conference on Applied Superconductivity and Electromagnetic Devices, ASEMD 2020

作者： Chen, Hai Liu, Xiaoming Li, Peiyuan Zhang, Xusong Jiang, Wentao Liu, Yixiong State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment Hebei University of Technology Tianjin China School of Mechanical Engineering Tiangong Univ. Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy Tianjin China

ISBN: (纸本)9781728152158

The improved NSPSO algorithm and the finite element electric field numerical simulation is combined for optimizing the electric field uniformity of vacuum interrupter for 400V/20kA vacuum circuit breaker. And the structural parameters of contact and shielding cover are taken as the optimization variables, the influence law of multiple factors on electric field distribution is analyzed, multi-objective optimization of three-dimensional electric field of vacuum interrupter structure is obtained. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Electric circuit breakers

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