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A Lightweight Ship Detection Algorithm Based on YOLOV5

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A Lightweight Ship Detection Algorithm Based on YOLOV5

Chinese Automation Congress (CAC)

作者： Yao Sun Chengtao Cai Mingtao Li College of Intelligent Systems Science and Engineering Harbin Engineering University Harbin China Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Intelligent Perception Harbin China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Technology and Application of Marine Equipment (Harbin Engineering University) Ministry of Education Harbin China

Aiming at the high complexity and large amount of computation of ship target recognition, this paper proposes a detection algorithm of lightweight ship based on YOLOV5. The EagleEye pruning is used to compress the model and improve the speed of inference. α-EIoU loss function is proposed to accelerate model convergence and improve the accuracy of detection. The model is only 1.97MB after pruning, and the detection speed can reach 238FPS, which can achieve the real-time ship target recognition.

关键词： Training Fault diagnosis Target recognition Computational modeling Transportation Object detection Real-time systems

Wheat/Maize Recruited Distinct Rhizo-Microbial Communities to Adapt to Long-Term Cd and as Co-Contaminated Soil

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Sun, Hong-Xin Chen, Miao-Miao Wei, Liang Zhao, Quan-Li Gao, Pei-Pei Geng, Li-Ping Xue, Pei-Ying Liu, Wenju State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Hebei Agricultural University Baoding Hebei071000 China Key Laboratory for Farmland Eco-environment of Hebei Province Baoding Hebei071000 China Department of Resource and Environmental Engineering Hebei Vocational University of Technology and Engineering Xingtai Hebei054000 China

Cd and As accumulation in staple crops poses potential risks to food safety and human health. Rhizo-microbial communities are involved in their behaviors from soil to crops. However, the responses of crops and rhizo-microbial communities to different Cd and As co-contaminated soils in wheat‒maize rotation systems are still unclear. This study explored whether wheat or maize could recruit distinct rhizo-microbial communities to adapt to lightly or heavily long-term Cd and As co-contaminated soil (LS or HS). It was apparent that the average wheat grain-Cd/As concentrations were 17.96-fold/4.81-fold in LS and 5.64-fold/7.70-fold in HS higher than those in maize grains, depending on the soil mobility of Cd/As. Wheat roots recruited more specific genera in the rhizo-microbial community of norank_c__MB-A2-108, norank_f__JG30-KF-CM45, norank_o__Rokubacteriales, Metarhizium and Olpidium under HS than maize, and their relative abundances were positively correlated with soil Cd/As bioavailability and then promoted Cd/As transfer in the soil‒wheat system. Additionally, Arthrobacter, Nocardioides, Devosia, Skermanella, and Pedobacter were sensitive to Cd and As co-contamination and were specifically enriched in wheat rhizospheres under LS. These results confirmed that HS and LS shifted the composition of the rhizo-microbial community in the wheat/maize rhizosphere to promote crops survival in different Cd and As co-contaminated soils. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Soils

Distributed Transactive Energy Control of Electric Vehicles Based on Blockchain and Oracle technology

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Distributed Transactive Energy Control of Electric Vehicles ...

IEEE PES Asia-Pacific Power and Energy engineering Conference (APPEEC)

作者： Meiqin Mao Rui Xu Chen Yang Yuanyue Wang Yan Du Zhang Wei Minglei Zhu Hongwei Liu Research Center for Photovoltaic System Engineering.MOE Hefei University of Technology Hefei China Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Packaging and Reliability Hefei University of Technology Hefei China State Grid Anhui Electric Power Co. Ltd Hefei China State Grid Anhui Electric Vehcile Service Co. Ltd Hefei China

ISBN: (数字)9798350386127

ISBN: (纸本)9798350386134

The traditional centralized scheduling control of large-scale electric vehicles (EVs) has problems such as high scheduling costs, low reliability, and difficulty in making scheduling data open and transparent. To address the problems, based on blockchain and oracle technology, this paper proposes a distributed transactive energy control (DTEC) method for electric vehicle aggregators (EVAs) to participate in ancillary services in power system. Firstly, the framework of the proposed DTEC for EVAs is proposed using blockchain technology. Secondly, considering the execution requirements of smart contracts, a secure and fast on-chain and off-chain data interconnection module based on oracle technology is proposed for off-chain intelligent optimal dispatching decision model (ODDM), real time charging data of EVs, and on-chain electric vehicle control smart contract (EVCSC). Thirdly, an off-chain ODDM that considers multiple parties' interests is designed. Finally, taking the scenario of EVs participating in peak shaving and valley filling in the ADN as an example, the proposed method is verified based on the blockchain test platform built through Ethereum and Chainlink.

关键词： Transactive energy Smart contracts Tariffs Electric vehicles Real-time systems Filling Dispatching Blockchains Power system reliability reliability

Short-term offshore extension of Brahmaputra-Ganges and Irrawaddy freshwater plumes to the central northern Bay of Bengal based on in situ and satellite observations

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2021年第5期40卷 80-93页

作者： Zhiyuan Li Saihua Huang Xiaohua Zhu Zhilin Sun Yu Long Huawei Xie Key Laboratory for Technology in Rural Water Management of Zhejiang Province Zhejiang University of Water Resources and Electric PowerHangzhou 310018China State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics Second Institute of OceanographyMinistry of Natural ResourcesHangzhou 310012China School of Oceanography Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200030China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) Zhuhai 519080China Ocean College Zhejiang UniversityZhoushan 316021China

In this study, the short-term offshore extension of Brahmaputra-Ganges(BG) and Irrawaddy freshwater plumes to the central northern Bay of Bengal(BoB) was investigated based on in situ and satellite observations. In the summer and winter of 2015, two significant freshening events with periods of weeks were observed from a moored buoy at 15°N, 90°E in the BoB. Soil Moisture Active Passive(SMAP) satellite sea surface salinity compares well with the in situ data and shows that these freshening events are directly related to the short-term offshore extension of the BG and Irrawaddy freshwater, respectively. These data combined with the altimeter sea level anomaly data show that the offshore extending plumes result from freshwater modulated by eddies. During summer, the BG freshwater is modulated by a combination of three closely located eddies: a large anticyclonic eddy(ACE) off the northwestern BoB coast and two cyclonic eddies in the northern BoB. Consequently, the freshwater extends offshore from the river mouth and forms a long and narrow tongue-shaped plume extending southwestward to the central BoB. During winter, the Irrawaddy freshwater is modulated by two continuous ACEs evolved from Rossby wave propagating westward from the Irrawaddy Delta off Myanmar, forming a tongueshaped plume extending to the central BoB. Strong salinity fronts are formed along the boundaries of these tongue-shaped plumes. These findings confirm good capability of the SMAP data to investigate the short-term offshore extension of the BG and Irrawaddy freshwater. This study provides direct evidences of the pathways of the offshore extension of the BG and Irrawaddy freshwater and highlights the role of eddies in the northern BoB freshwater plume variability.

关键词： freshwater plume Bay of Bengal freshening event SMAP Brahmaputra-Ganges and Irrawaddy cyclonic and anticyclonic eddies

Synergistic Approach of Gcw-Istr for Enhanced Remediation of Semi-Volatile Organic Pollutants in Groundwater: Modeling and Experimental Validation

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Li, Bowen Yuan, Yongzu Lu, Liang Liu, Shibin Wang, Peng Yao, Meng Dong, Jun State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection Chengdu University of Technology 1# Dongsanlu Erxianqiao Chengdu610059 China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Changzhou University Changzhou213164 China Key Lab of Groundwater Resources and Environment Ministry of Education Jilin University Changchun130026 China

The poor remediation performance of groundwater circulation well (GCW) on semi-volatile organic contaminants has been severely limited its practical application. To address the challenges posed by the low volatility and solubility of these contaminants, the integration of GCW with in-situ thermal remediation (ISTR) was proposed to create a thermal enhanced circulation well (GCW-ISTR) in this study. laboratory experiments and model simulations were performed to evaluate the heat transfer law and enhanced remediation effect by GCW-ISTR. Results demonstrate that the groundwater flow surrounding GCW-ISTR is influenced by factors such as aeration flow rate, groundwater velocity and aquifer permeability, ultimately controlling the heat transfer process. Therefore, heating area is directly proportional to the seepage velocity of groundwater, which can be analyzed through a product of the maximum water table difference (H) and aquifer permeability (K). Furthermore, the heat transfer model, based on Darcy's seepage theory and the energy conservation equation, effectively simulates the heat transfer law with an error margin of less than 10%. Compared to individual GCW, GCW-ISTR exhibits a 25.8% improvement in remediation efficiency, resulting in a decrease in the average aniline concentration from 97.95 mg/L to 0.168 mg/L within 48 hour, effectively mitigating the occurrence of tailing phenomena. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Aniline

A Novel Equal Frequency Sampling of Factor Levels (Efsfl) Method is Applied to Identify the Dominant Factor Inducing the Combined Toxicities of 13 Factors

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Ding, Ting-Ting Liu, Shu-Shen Wang, Ze-Jun Huang, Peng Gu, Zhong-Wei Tao, Meng-Ting Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment Ministry of Education College of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai200092 China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse College of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai200092 China Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai200092 China National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology School of Environmental Science and Engineering Suzhou University of Science and Technology Suzhou215009 China

The research framework combining the global sensitivity analysis (GSA) with quantitative high-throughput screening (qHTS), called as GSA-qHTS, provides a potentially feasible way to screen for important factors that induce toxicities of complex mixtures. However, in the mixture samples designed using the GSA-qHTS technique, the numbers of occurrence between the different levels of the different factors were unequal,which leads to asymmetry on importance of elementary effects (EEs) computed from the mixture toxicities. Therefore, a new mixture design program, which has a nature of equal frequency sampling of factor levels (EFSFL), was developed in this study to balance the importance of various EEs. The program (simply EFSFL) has been successfully employed to design 168 mixtures of 13 factors (12 chemicals and time) that each has three levels. By means of time-microplate toxicity analysis and EE analysis, the toxicity change rules of the mixtures are revealed and the important factors affecting the toxicities of the mixtures are screened. It was found that the mixtures can be classified into low, middle and high toxic mixtures according to the toxicities at 12 h, and all the middle and high toxic mixtures contain erythromycin of the maximum concentration. It was also found that the toxicities of the middle toxic mixtures increase firstly over time (0.25~9 h) and then decrease (12 h) while those of the high toxic mixtures consistently increase over *** low toxic mixtures produce stimulation that increases with time. Erythromycin is the dominant factor in mixture toxicities, and therefore priority should be given to controlling the environmental risks of erythromycin in environmental risk management. Our sampling strategy allows for equal frequency sampling of factor levels, which provides a foundation for more accurate identification of important factors that induce mixture toxicity. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Antibiotics

Optimization and Mechanism of Tetrabromobisphenol a Removal by Dithionite Under Anaerobic Conditions: Response Surface Methodology and Degradation Pathway

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Wang, Zhuoyue Song, Wei Li, Ji Zhang, Xiaolei Wang, Hongjie School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen518055 China School of Civil and Transportation Engineering Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou510006 China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Water Resource Utilization and Environmental Pollution Control Shenzhen518055 China State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment School of Environment Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin150090 China

In this study, dithionite (DTN) was used to degrade Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), a widely applied brominated flame retardants, under anaerobic conditions with the reaction terminator of nitrite. The optimization of reaction parameters including TBBPA concentration, DTN concentration and pH value were conducted by response surface methodology (RSM) based on central composite design (CCD). The degradation process could be simulated accurately by a quadratic model with the correlation coefficient R 2 of 0.9550. The interaction between pH and DTN concentration was significant with the p-value of 0.0017. Moreover, the maximum TBBPA removal was 87.6% and obtained at TBBPA concentration of 2.00 μM, the DTN concentration of 322.31 μM, and the pH of 6.14 under anaerobic conditions. It was found that the factors influenced TBBPA removal followed the order: pH > DTN concentration > TBBPA concentration. The major active products from DTN are SO 3 2 − and S 2 O 3 2− . In addition, different inhibitions of natural water matrix including chloride, bicarbonate, sulfide and humic acid on TBBPA degradation had been confirmed. According to the identified six intermediates via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), two steps of the degradation pathways were speculated, including the breakage of C-Br bond and C-C bond. This study providesa convenient way to degrade TBBPA. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Gas chromatography

Confined Compressibility of Fine-Grained Marine Sediments with Cavities after Complete Dissociation of Noduled Natural Gas Hydrates

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Yang, Lei Liu, Lele Liu, Tao Lin, Jinbo Wan, Yizhao Zhang, Yongchao Wang, Zhihui Liu, Xiang Donghai Laboratory Zhoushan316021 China Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology Qingdao266237 China Key Laboratory of Gas Hydrate Ministry of Natural Resources Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology Qingdao266237 China Zhejiang Institute of Marine Geology Survey Zhoushan316021 China Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Geological Engineering Ocean University of China Qingdao266100 China Zhejiang Engineering Survey and Design Institute Group CO. LTD Ningbo315012 China

Due to natural and anthropogenic disturbances, natural gas hydrates with nodules and chunks morphologies dissociate and release massive free gas, creating large cavities within fine-grained marine sediments. However, it is still a challenge to quantify the impact of gas cavities on mechanical properties of cavitied fine-grained marine sediments as there is a lack of efforts focusing on the inner structure observation. In this study, an oedometer test and X-ray computed tomography scans are jointly conducted on marine clayey silt with gas cavities, and the confined compressibility and expansibility as well as the inner structure change under an undrained condition are explored, followed by development of a theoretical model depicting the void ratio change. The results show that vertical loading induces a void ratio reduction, and the reduced void ratio can fully recover after being unloaded. Although being fully recovered, unrecovered changes of the inner structure still remain after being unloaded. Examples include closed cracks in the lower matrix, new occurring cracks in the upper matrix, and the fragmented gas cavity. In addition, void ratio linearly increases with the increasing inverse of normalized pore gas pressure, while coefficient of the effective stress linearly decreases with the increasing inverse of normalized vertical loading stress. The proposed theoretical model captures the essential physics behind undrained confined deformation of fine-grained marine sediments with gas cavities when subjected to loading and unloading. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Gases

Investigation and assessment of micropollutants and associated biological effects in wastewater treatment processes

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2020年第8期32卷 119-127页

作者： Xiaoyan Y.Ma Ke Dong Lei Tang Yongkun Wang Xiaochang C.Wang Huu Hao Ngo Rong Chen Na Wang International Science&Technology Cooperation Center for Urban Alternative Water Resources Development Key Lab of Northwest Water ResourceEnvironment and EcologyMOEEngineering Technology Research Center for Wastewater Treatment and ReuseShaanxi ProvinceShaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental EngineeringXi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an 710055China School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Information TechnologyUniversity of Technology SydneyBroadwayNSW 2007Australia School of Architecture and Civil Engineering Xi’an University of Science and TechnologyXi’an 710054China

Currently,the wastewater treatment plants(WWTPs)attempt to achieve the shifting from general pollution parameters control to reduction of organic micropollutants ***,they have not been able to satisfy the increasing ecological safety *** this study,the removal of micropollutants was investigated,and the ecological safety was assessed for a local *** the total concentration of 31 micropollutants detected was reduced by 83%using the traditional biological treatment processes,the results did not reflect chemicals that had poor removal efficiencies and low *** the five categories of micropollutants,herbicides,insecticides,and bactericides were difficult to remove,pharmaceuticals and UV filters were effectively *** specific photosynthesis inhibition effect and non-specific bioluminescence inhibition effect from wastewater were detected and evaluated using hazardous concentration where 5%of aquatic organisms are *** photosynthesis inhibition effect from wastewater in the WWTP was negligible,even the untreated raw ***,the bioluminescence inhibition effect from wastewater which was defined as the priority biological effect,posed potential ecological *** decrease non-specific biological effects,especially of macromolecular dissolved organic matter,overall pollutant reduction strategy is ***,the ozonation process was used to further decrease the bioluminescence inhibition effects from the secondary effluent;≥0.34 g O 3/g DOC of ozone dose was recommended for micropollutants elimination control and ecological safety.

关键词： Micropollutants Biological effect Wastewater treatment Ecological safety Ozonation