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Multivariate Time-Series Anomaly Detection Based on Dynamic Graph Neural Networks and Self-Distillation in Industrial Internet of Things

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年第9期12卷 12181-12192页

作者： Zhao, Mengmeng Peng, Haipeng Li, Lixiang Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Information Security Center State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology National Engineering Laboratory for Disaster Backup and Recovery Beijing100876 China Zaozhuang University Department of Information Science and Engineering Shandong 277160 China

Time-series anomaly detection is critical to securing the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT). Although numerous deep learning-based methods have been proposed, these methods fail to consider the interdependencies between different dimensions of the data and often neglect the dynamic changes in these dependencies. Moreover, these methods utilize only the global features from the last layer of the network for anomaly detection. However, local features can capture subtle variations in the data, which are crucial for accurately detecting anomalies. To alleviate these problems, this article proposes a novel framework for detecting time-series anomalies, including four parts, namely, the graph structure learning module, the dynamic graph module, the anomaly scoring module, and the self-distillation. The graph structure learning module generates different graph structures based on the inputs, which will be used in the dynamic graph module. The dynamic graph module employs dynamic graph neural networks to capture the complex relationships within time series from both temporal and spatial dimensions. The anomaly scoring module obtains anomaly scores from predictions and observed values, and the model makes anomaly judgments based on these scores. Additionally, self-distillation enhances model performance by utilizing mutual learning between the teacher and student models, thereby integrating local and global information for better anomaly detection. We carry out a series of experiments on IIoT datasets, which verify the performance of the framework. The experimental results of the proposed method outperform other methods, demonstrating the advantage of our framework. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Time series analysis Anomaly detection Feature extraction Graph neural networks Industrial Internet of Things Training Data models Adaptation models Transformers Telecommunications

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Unveiling the confined dispersion mechanism of nanomaterials by stereocomplex cross-linked networks in polylactic acid

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Journal of Materials science and technology 2025年 235卷 293-301页

作者： Su, Xiaolong Pan, Qingchun Zhai, Yaling Jia, Chao Wang, Jinqi Xu, Zhe Li, Jiaxin Zhao, Jian Xiang, Hengxue Wei, Xiaoding Zhu, Meifang State Key Laboratory of Advanced Fiber Materials College of Material Science and Engineering Donghua University Shanghai201620 China State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex System Department of Mechanics and Engineering Science College of Engineering Beijing Innovation Center for Engineering Science and Advanced Technology Peking University Beijing100871 China College of Material Science and Engineering Xinjiang University Urumqi830046 China

Nanomaterials are extensively utilized in a multitude of sectors, but their propensity to aggregate can considerably diminish the efficacy of functional materials. A pivotal challenge in this domain is achieving a homogenous distribution of nanomaterials, which is essential for enhancing their performance while also reducing production costs. In this work, we achieve uniform and stable dispersion of various nanomaterials through the confinement effect generated by the stereocomplex cross-linked network formed by the combination of poly (L-lactic) acid and poly (D-lactic) acid. The unique confinement effect of polylactic acid (PLA) isomers is universal and significantly enhances the dispersion of nanomaterials in both PLA solutions and films. To demonstrate the efficacy of our approach, we disperse aggregation-induced emission (AIE) molecules within PLA, which leads to the production of PLA films exhibiting improved fluorescence property. This work provides an effective solution for the preparation of nanocomposite materials that are both high-performing and cost-efficient. © 2025

关键词： Nanoclay

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Speckle-free laser display enabled by self-assembled supraparticles of semiconductor nanoplatelets

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Nano Research 2025年第2期18卷 769-775页

作者： Chenlin Wang Haixiao Zhao Xian Zhao Baoqing Sun Yuan Gao School of Information Science and Engineering Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China Key Laboratory of Laser&Infrared System(Shandong University) Ministry of EducationShandong UniversityQingdao 266237China Center for Optics Research and Engineering(CORE) Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China

Laser-based light sources are highly desirable for display applications due to their narrow emission linewidth and exceptional ***,the coherence inherent in lasers often leads to the formation of unwanted speckles,which can significantly degrade display ***,there is a critical need for light sources that retain the narrow emission and high brightness of lasers while minimizing spatial coherence to reduce speckle *** lasing has emerged as a promising strategy to address this issue,though its random emission directions can lead to energy *** overcome this challenge,we propose a novel approach in which CdSe nanoplatelets,known for their efficient optical gain properties,are self-assembled into supraparticles(SPs),serving as both scattering centers and gain *** configuration enables random lasing,and by coupling the random gain medium to a Fabry-Perot(FP)cavity,we successfully direct the typically omnidirectional random lasing into a controlled,low-coherence *** experimental results,comparing conventional lasers(e.g.,He:Ne lasers)with our SP-based laser for a projector,demonstrate effective suppression of speckle formation,reducing speckle contrast from 0.5 to *** findings offer a promising solution for improving the performance and quality of laser-based displays.

关键词： CdSe nanoplatelet self-assembly cavity coupled random lasing speckle-free display

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Tree comprehensive diversity-based pruned deep forest

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International Journal of Machine Learning and Cybernetics 2025年 1-20页

作者： Ding, Jiaman Jiang, Xiangyu Jia, Lianyin Fu, Xiaodong Jiang, Ying Faculty of Information Engineering and Automation Kunming University of Science and Technology Yunnan Kunming650500 China Artificial Intelligence Key Laboratory of Yunnan Province Kunming University of Science and Technology Yunnan Kunming650500 China

Deep Forest (DF) is proposed as a deep learning model based on non-differentiable modules, which extends the deep learning paradigm by incorporating non-neural network structures and has demonstrated remarkable performance in several fields. DF utilizes a cascade structure where each layer contains one or more sets of random forests. However, some of these forests may include decision trees with high redundancy and suboptimal performance. Additionally, the feature representations in DF are composed of prediction class probability vectors, and these prediction-based representations require the retention of a large amount of information about the forest models for subsequent testing. These two characteristics of DF make it prone to issues related to high time, memory, and storage costs, and may even lead to performance degradation. To address these challenges, we design a novel pruning strategy aimed at optimizing random forests in cascade layers and propose a new deep forest model called Tree Comprehensive Diversity-based Pruned Deep Forest (TCDPDF). Unlike most methods that rely on model prediction results to measure diversity, we explore a diversity measure based on the morphological structure of decision trees. Furthermore, we propose a tree comprehensive diversity measure for the pruning strategy by balancing both structural diversity and prediction accuracy of decision trees. We conduct experiments on 12 public datasets, and the results demonstrate that TCDPDF achieves competitive performance, significantly reduces the model’s high computational complexity, and further enhances its generalization ability. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Deep learning

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MCFF-Net: Multi-Scale Contextual Feature Fusion Network for Polyp Segmentation

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Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University (science) 2025年 1-13页

作者： Ma, Lei Yan, Jiangkai Shao, Dangguo Li, Jingtao Wang, Jiawei Yan, Yukun Faculty of Information Engineering and Automation Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming650500 China Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence Kunming650500 China

In clinical practice, technologies for automatically segmenting polyps might greatly improve the speed and accuracy of medical diagnosis, significantly reducing the chances of patients developing colorectal cancer. Nevertheless, the segmentation of polyps presents a considerable challenge due to their low contrast, presence of occlusion, and intricate background disturbances. In this paper, we propose an innovative approach for segmenting polyps, called multi-scale contextual feature fusion network for polyp segmentation (MCFF-Net). Specifically, MCFF-Net includes three modules: feature enhancement module (FEM), global-local feature fusion module (GLFF), and cross-scale feature fusion module (CFFM). Among them, FEM is used to improve the features at each scale. Building on this, the CFFM enables comprehensive interaction among the information across various scales, enhancing the diversity of the feature scales extracted. Moreover, the GLFF fuses global-local features to generate a rough object localization map. This map further modulates the fusion features from the CFFM, facilitating more precise segmentation. On five publicly available datasets, our approach not only segments various polyp types but also surpasses existing methods in terms of accuracy and generalizability. © Shanghai Jiao Tong University 2024.

关键词： Diseases

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Bilateral Pricing for Dynamic Association in Federated Edge Learning

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IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing 2025年第6期24卷 4684-4697页

作者： Pan, Bangqi Lu, Jianfeng Cao, Shuqin Liu, Jing Tian, Wenlong Li, Minglu Wuhan University of Science and Technology School of Computer Science and Technology Wuhan430065 China Wuhan University of Science and Technology Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing and Real-time Industrial System China Dalian University of Technology Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Social Computing and Cognitive Intelligence China University of South China School of Computer Science and Technology Hengyang421001 China Zhejiang Normal University School of Computer Science and Technology Jinhua321004 China

Devices and servers in Federated Edge Learning (FEL) are self-interested and resource-constrained, making it critical to design incentives to improve model performance. However, dynamic network conditions raise energy consumption, while data heterogeneity undermines device cooperation. Current research overlooks the interplay between system efficiency and device clustering, resulting in suboptimal updates. To address these challenges, we develop BENCH, a bilateral pricing mechanism consisting of three core rules aimed at incentivizing participation from both devices and servers. Specifically, we first design a reward allocation rule, based on the Rubinstein bargaining model, which dynamically allocates rewards. Theoretically, we derive a closed-form solution for this rule, demonstrating BENCH achieves Nash equilibrium. Secondly, we design a device partitioning rule that leverages modularity to group similar devices, facilitating personalized edge aggregation to accelerate local data adaptation. Thirdly, we design an edge matching rule that employs the Kuhn-Munkres algorithm to balance the load at edge servers, thus minimizing the congestion. Together, these three rules enable hierarchical optimization of pricing and associations, effectively mitigating the impact of dynamic costs and device heterogeneity. Extensive experiments demonstrate BENCH's effectiveness in increasing device participation by 28.81% and improving model performance by 2.66% compared to state-of-the-art baselines. © 2002-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Mobile edge computing

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Decoupling the nonthermal effect of current by electrically assisted crystal plasticity modeling of Ni-based single crystal superalloys

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材料科学技术（英文版） 2025年第1期204卷 91-103页

作者： Jia Gao Hongwei Li Xin Zhang Guangda Shao Zhiyu Xiang Xinxin Sun State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing School of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of High-performance Precision Forming Technology and Equipment Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of High-performance Precision Forming Technology and Equipment Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072China School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072China Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Laboratory of Aeroengine Technology Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072China

The electrically assisted(EA)deformation process has received considerable attention in recent years,ac-companied by research on current-induced deformation ***,there are still challenges in eliminating thermal effects,which have prevented a comprehensive understanding of the underlying current-induced *** for a single crystal(SC)in research provides advantages in decou-pling the nonthermal effect of electric current at smaller scales and eliminating the complex interactions that exist in polycrystalline ***,the innovation of this work lies in decoupling the non-thermal effect of electric current and conducting a comprehensive analysis of anisotropic deformation and mechanisms within a Ni-based SC with different crystallographic axes and various current directions dur-ing electrically assisted tensile simulation.A significant tension axis direction in the SC during EA tension was induced by the combination of a higher current direction factor(|cos θ|)and a dimensionless factor for the current density(Jα/Jα0|)along the[100]*** stress drop within the SC due to the nonthermal effect of electric current generally increased with increasing current *** was attributed to the increased dislocation density differences and decreased *** increased stress anisotropy of the SC at a current direction of 45° was attributed to fewer activated(111)slip systems and the pinning effect of more dislocations within these *** study advances our understanding of the thermal and nonthermal effects of electric current and offers valuable insights for the informed application of EA deformations in industrial and aerospace settings with SC superalloys.

关键词： Electrically assisted(EA)tension Single crystal superalloys Nonthermal effect Anisotropy Tension axis Current direction

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Effectiveness of Precursor Emission Reductions for the Control of Summertime Ozone and PM2.5 in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei Region under Different Meteorological Conditions

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Advances in Atmospheric sciences 2025年第4期42卷 653-669页

作者： Jing QIAN Hong LIAO Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment TechnologySchool of Environmental Science and EngineeringNanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044JiangsuChina

We used observed concentrations of air pollutants,reanalyzed meteorological parameters,and results from the Goddard Earth Observing system Chemical Transport Model to examine the relationships between concentrations of maximum daily 8-h average ozone(MDA8 O_(3)),PM_(2.5)(particulate matter with diameter of 2.5μm or less),and PM_(2.5)components and 2-m temperature(T2)or relative humidity(RH),as well as the effectiveness of precursor emission reductions on the control of O_(3) and PM_(2.5) in Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei(BTH)under different summertime temperature and humidity *** observed(simulated)MDA8 O_(3) and PM_(2.5) concentrations increased as T2 went up,with linear trends of 4.8(3.2)ppb℃^(−1) and 1.9(1.5)μg m^(−3)℃^(−1),*** results showed that the decreases in MDA8 O_(3) from precursor emission reductions were more sensitive to T2 than to *** a larger proportion of volatile organic compound(VOC)emissions at higher T2 was more effective for the control of summertime O_(3) in *** the control of summertime PM_(2.5) in BTH,reducing nitrogen oxides(NOx)combined with a small proportion of VOCs was the best *** magnitude of reduction in PM_(2.5) from reducing precursor emissions was more sensitive to RH than to T2,with the best efficiency at high *** from this study are helpful for formulating effective policies to tackle O_(3) and PM_(2.5) pollution in BTH.

关键词： ozone PM_(2.5) emission reductions meteorological conditions

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Spatiotemporal mode-locked intelligent fiber laser based on cascaded photonic lanterns

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Optics Letters 2025年第2期50卷 463-466页

作者： Liu, Zhuyixiao Zhang, Fengming Qian, Zichen Liu, Jing Dai, Lilong Mou, Chengbo Zhao, Luming Tang, Ming National Engineering Laboratory for Next Generation Internet Access System School of Optical and Electronic Information Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China Key Laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Optical Access Networks Shanghai University Shanghai200444 China

An intelligent controlled spatiotemporal mode-locked (STML) fiber laser based on a photonic lantern (PL) is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. A pair of in-house developed PLs is spliced into the cavity in a back-to-back structure. This PL-based structure functions as a mode multiplexer/demultiplexer to generate higher-order spatial modes. Owing to the strong polarization-dependent loss structural characteristics, the structure also serves as an equivalent saturable absorber based on nonlinear polarization rotation. The STML fiber laser delivers pulsed high-order modes at a center wavelength of 1555.4 nm with a pulse duration of 6.99 ps. With the deployment of a motorized polarization controller and a time-domain signal feedback system, the laser enables intelligent control via a stochastic global polarization search algorithm. Experimental results indicate that the proposed laser can effectively evade disturbances from complex intracavity states and accurately lock onto the fundamental mode-locking state within only 2 min. © 2025 Optica Publishing Group. All rights,including for text and data mining (TDM), Artificial Intelligence (AI)training, and similar technologies, are reserved.

关键词： Time domain analysis

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Circular Polarization Selective Metasurface for Folded Reflectarray Antenna at Ka-band

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IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 2025年第5期24卷 1278-1282页

作者： Huang, Heng Ye, Jingxin Xue, Chunhua Li, Teng Guangxi University of Science and Technology Guangxi Key Laboratory of Multidimensional Information Fusion for Intelligent Vehicles School of Electronic Engineering Liuzhou545006 China Southeast University State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves School of Information Science and Engineering Nanjing210096 China Purple Mountain Laboratories Nanjing211111 China

A circular polarization (CP) folded reflectarray antenna is proposed at the 30 GHz band. A five-layered circular polarization selective metasurface (CPSM) is introduced to realize the path folding for a CP source. The CPSM element consists of two back-to-back connected CP antennas with a slant I-shaped slot on the ground plane for electromagnetic wave coupling. A 2×2 patch array with a cross-shaped strip embedded in the center is designed for CP response. To enhance angular response stability, square patches are stacked on both the top and bottom sides. A metallic post through all layers is placed in the center to balance the transmission and axial ratio (AR) bandwidth. The proposed CPSM element exhibits superior AR and amplitude performance under larger-angle oblique incidence which promises the folded reflectarray antenna achieves excellent aperture efficiency along with substantial AR and gain bandwidth. To verify the proposed CPSM, a 40×40 folded reflectarray is presented. The measured results show a 3 dB AR bandwidth of 20.3% and a 3 dB gain bandwidth of 15.13%. The peak gain of 33.89 dBic is found at 30 GHz with an aperture efficiency of 60.9%. The remarkable results demonstrate the proposed CPSM for antenna engineering applications. © 2002-2011 IEEE.

关键词： Reflection

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