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Glycine betaine modulates extracellular polymeric substances to enhance microbial salinity tolerance

Environmental science and Ecotechnology 2024年第4期20卷 259-268页

作者： Yan Xia Xinbai Jiang Shuaishuai Guo Yuxuan Wang Yang Mu Jinyou Shen Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health Ministry of Industry and Information TechnologySchool of Environmental and Biological EngineeringNanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing210094China CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion Department of Environmental Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science&Technology of ChinaHefei230026China

High salinity inhibits microbial activity in the bioremediation of saline *** alleviate osmotic stress,glycine betaine(GB),an osmoprotectant,is added to enhance the secretion of extracellular polymeric substances(EPS).These EPS are pivotal in withstanding environmental stressors,yet the intricate interplay between GB supplementation and microbial responses through EPS modificationsdencompassing composition,molecular architecture,and electrochemical featuresdremains elusive in hypersaline *** we show microbial strategies for salinity endurance by investigating the impact of GB on the dynamic alterations of EPS *** findings reveal that GB supplementation at 3.5%salinity elevates the total EPS(T-EPS)content from 12.50±0.05 to 24.58±0.96 mg per g dry cell *** observed shift in zeta potential from-28.95 to-6.25 mV at 0%and 3.5%salinity,respectively,with GB treatment,indicates a reduction in electrostatic repulsion and ***,the EPS protein secondary structure transition from b-sheet to a-helix,with GB addition,signifies a more compact protein configuration,less susceptible to salinity *** analyses,including cyclic voltammetry(CV)and differential pulse voltammetry(DPV),reveal GB's role in promoting the release of exogenous electron shuttles,such as flavins and c-type cytochromes(c-Cyts).The enhancement in DPV peak areas(Q_(DPV))with GB addition implies an increase in available extracellular electron transfer *** investigation advances our comprehension of microbial adaptation mechanisms to salinity through EPS modifications facilitated by GB in saline habitats.

关键词： High salinity Extracellular polymeric substances Glycine betaine Protein secondary structure Extracellular electron transfer

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Investigation into enhancing the sensitivity method for monitoring trace erosion product concentration in the ceramic channel of a Hall thruster

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Plasma science and technology 2025年第4期27卷 95-104页

作者： Wei XI Ximing ZHU Bowen ZHENG Zhongxi NING Daren YU School of Energy Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Aerospace Plasma Propulsion Ministry of Industry and Information TechnologyHarbin 150001People’s Republic of China

An optical emission spectroscopy(OES)method with a non-invasive measurement capability,without inducing disturbance to the discharge,represents an effective method for material ***,when the OES method is employed to monitor the trace erosion product within the ceramic channel of a Hall thruster,it becomes challenging to distinguish between signal and *** this study,we propose a model filtering method based on the signal characteristics of the Hall thruster plume *** method integrates the slit imaging and spectral resolution features of the *** this method,we extract the spectral signals of the erosion product and working gas from the Hall thruster under different operating *** results indicate that our new method performs comparably to the traditional method without model filtering when extracting atom signals from strong xenon working ***,for trace amounts of the erosion product,our approach significantly enhances the signal-to-noise ratio(SNR),enabling the identification of extremely weak spectral signals even under low mass flow rate and low-voltage *** obtain boron atom concentration of 3.91×10^(-3) kg/m^(3) at a mass flow rate of 4×10^(-7) kg/s and voltage of 200 V while monitoring a wider range of thruster operating *** new method proposed in this study is suitable for monitoring other low-concentration elements,making it valuable for materials processing,environmental monitoring and space propulsion applications.

关键词： model filtering method optical emission spectroscopy Hall thruster advanced actinometry method trace erosion product concentration(Some figures may appear in colour only in the online journal)

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A DECOUPLED,LINEARLY IMPLICIT AND UNCONDITIONALLY ENERGY STABLE SCHEME FOR THE COUPLED CAHN-HILLIARD systems

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 2025年第3期43卷 708-730页

作者： Dan Zhao Dongfang Li Yanbin Tang Jinming Wen School of Mathematics and Statistics Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Hubei Key Laboratory of Engineering Modeling and Scientific Computing Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China College of Information Science and Technology Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China

We present a decoupled,linearly implicit numerical scheme with energy stability and mass conservation for solving the coupled Cahn-Hilliard *** time-discretization is done by leap-frog method with the scalar auxiliary variable(SAV)*** only needs to solve three linear equations at each time step,where each unknown variable can be solved *** is shown that the semi-discrete scheme has second-order accuracy in the temporal *** convergence results are proved by a rigorous analysis of the boundedness of the numerical solution and the error estimates at different *** examples are presented to further confirm the validity of the methods.

关键词： Coupled Cahn-Hilliard system Leap-frog method Scalar auxiliary variable Error estimate

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Enhancing Offensive Language Detection with Data Augmentation and Knowledge Distillation

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Research 2024年第2期6卷 29-40页

作者： Jiawen Deng Zhuang Chen Hao Sun Zhexin Zhang Jincenzi Wu Satoshi Nakagawa Fuji Ren Minlie Huang The CoAl group DCSTInstitute for Artificial InteligenceState Key Lab of Intelligent Technology and SystemsBeijing National Research Center for Information Science and TechnologyTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Graduate School of Information Science&Technology The University of Tokyo.Tokyo 1138654Japan School of Computer Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduSichuan611731China

Offensive language detection has received important attention and plays a crucial role in promoting healthy communication on social platforms,as well as promoting the safe deployment of large language *** data is the basis for developing detectors;however,the available offense-related dataset in Chinese is severely limited in terms of data scale and coverage when compared to English *** significantly affects the accuracy of Chinese offensive language detectors in practical applications,especially when dealing with hard cases or out-of-domain *** alleviate the limitations posed by available datasets,we introduce AugCOLD(Augmented Chinese Offensive Language Dataset),a large-scale unsupervised dataset containing 1 million samples gathered by data crawling and model ***,we employ a multiteacher distillation framework to enhance detection performance with unsupervised *** is,we build multiple teachers with publicly accessible datasets and use them to assign soft labels to *** soft labels serve as a bridge for knowledge to be distilled from both AugCOLD and multiteacher to the student network,i.e.,the final offensive *** conduct experiments on multiple public test sets and our well-designed hard tests,demonstrating that our proposal can effectively improve the generalization and robustness of the offensive language detector.

关键词： COLD dealing limitations

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KCl acts as a flux to assist the growth of sub-millimeter-scale metallic 2D non-layered molybdenum dioxide

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Rare Metals 2025年第1期44卷 404-416页

作者： Li-Ying Deng Qing Zhang Wang-Yang Li Xiao-Yuan Ye Yi-Fan Zhao Shen-Zhong Chen Yu-Lan Wang Xing-Hui Wang Hui-Peng Chen Zhi-Yang Yu Qun Yan Shu-Ying Cheng Tai-Liang Guo Wen-Ping Hu Feng Ding Jie Sun National and Local United Engineering Laboratory of Flat Panel Display Technology College of Physics and Information EngineeringFuzhou UniversityFuzhou350100China Fujian Key Laboratory of Agricultural Information Sensing Technology College of Mechanical and Electrical EngineeringFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou350002China Key Laboratory of Organic Integrated Circuit Department of ChemistrySchool of ScienceMinistry of Education and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic SciencesTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering(Tianjin) Tianjin300072China College of Physics and Information Engineering Institute of Micro-Nano Devices and Solar CellsFuzhou UniversityFuzhou350108China State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment College of ChemistryFuzhou UniversityFuzhou350116China Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering/Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutrality Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen518000China

Two-dimensional(2D)metal oxides(2DMOs),such as MoO_(2),have made impressive strides in recent years,and their applicability in a number of fields such as electronic devices,optoelectronic devices and lasers has been ***,2DMOs present challenges in their synthesis using conventional methods due to their non-van der Waals *** report that KCl acts as a flux to prepare large-area 2DMOs with sub-millimeter *** systematically investigate the effects of temperature,homogeneous time and cooling rate on the products in the flux method,demonstrating that in this reaction a saturated homogenous solution is obtained upon the melting of the salt and ***,the cooling rate was adjusted to regulate the thickness of the target crystals,leading to the precipitation of 2D non-layered material from the supersaturated solution;by applying this method,the highly crystalline non-layered 2D MoO_(2)flakes with so far the largest lateral size of up to sub-millimeter scale(~464μm)were *** studies have revealed that the 2D MoO_(2)features metallic properties,with an excellent sheet resistance as low as 99Ω·square^(-1 )at room temperature,and exhibits a property of charge density wave in the measurement of resistivity as a function of temperature.

关键词： 2D non-layered materials Metallic Metal oxide Thickness modulation Flux method

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Development of a toroidal soft x-ray imaging system and application for investigating three-dimensional plasma on J-TEXT

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Plasma science and technology 2024年第3期26卷 94-99页

作者：赵传旭李建超张晓卿王能超丁永华杨州军江中和严伟李杨波毛飞越任正康 the J-TEXT Team International Joint Research Laboratory of Magnetic Confinement Fusion and Plasma Physics State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and TechnologySchool of Electrical and Electronic Engineering and School of PhysicsHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074People's Republic of China Hubei Key Laboratory of Optical Information and Pattern Recognition Wuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan 430205People's Republic of China International Joint Research Laboratory of Magnetic Confinement Fusion and Plasma Physics State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and TechnologySchool of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074People's Republic of China

A toroidal soft x-ray imaging(T-SXRI)system has been developed to investigate threedimensional(3D)plasma physics on *** T-SXRI system consists of three sets of SXR *** sets are newly developed and located on the vacuum chamber wall at toroidal positionsφof 126.4°and 272.6°,respectively,while one set was established previously atφ=*** set of SXR arrays consists of three arrays viewing the plasma poloidally,and hence can be used separately to obtain SXR images via the tomographic *** sawtooth precursor oscillations are measured by T-SXRI,and the corresponding images of perturbative SXR signals are successfully reconstructed at these three toroidal positions,hence providing measurement of the 3D structure of precursor *** observed 3D structure is consistent with the helical structure of the m/n=1/1 *** experimental observation confirms that the T-SXRI system is able to observe 3D structures in the J-TEXT plasma.

关键词： SXR imaging J-TEXT tokamak three-dimensional measurement MHD

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Mechanically reconfigurable terahertz polarization converter by coupling-mediated metasurfaces

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Chinese Optics Letters 2024年第12期22卷 113-119页

作者： Zhibo Yao Zhaohua Xu Xiaoyuan Hao Jiajun He Yanfeng Zhao Xiangyu Liu Yanfeng Li Xueqian Zhang Quan Xu Su Xu Jiaguang Han Center for Terahertz Waves and State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments College of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics College of Electronic Science and EngineeringJilin UniversityChangchun 130012China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information Processing School of Optoelectronic EngineeringGuilin University of Electronic TechnologyGuilin 541004China

Free manipulation of electromagnetic waves in the terahertz(THz)band based on metasurface functional devices has been the focus of research in recent *** these devices,active metasurfaces have generated extensive research interest due to their *** this work,we demonstrate a mechanically reconfigurable THz polarization converter that consists of two parallel transmissive metasurfaces with a tunable *** mechanically adjusting the coupling strength between the metasurfaces,the orthogonal polarization conversion of the incident linearly polarized THz waves can be ***,the device can be tuned from efficient dual-frequency orthogonal polarization conversion to efficient single-frequency orthogonal polarization *** a gradual decrease in efficiency,it is finally changed to a low transmission state as the gap distance increases from 150 to 800μ*** theoretically analyze the tuning process under different spacings and experimentally verify it using a vector network *** proposed design is straightforward and robust,with the potential to find wide applications in THz science and technology.

关键词： mechanically reconfigurable THz metasurface polarization converter tunable spacing vector network analyzer

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DNA-based nanosystems to generate reactive oxygen species for nanomedicine

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第11期35卷 25-34页

作者： Zhongyu Wang Lijun Wang Huaixin Zhao Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering(MOE)Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical EngineeringSchool of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin 300350China

Reactive oxygen species(ROS)are essential in various pathological and physiological *** nanosystems that generate ROS in a controlled manner is of great interest for *** nanotechnology offers a promising approach to constructing programmable ROS-generating *** incorporating photosensitizers or metal ions,DNA nanostructures can be designed to produce ROS in a spatially and temporally desired ***-based ROS-generating nanosystems hold great potential in intracellular homeostasis regulation,drug release,and cancer *** review summarizes recent advances in developing DNA-based ROS-generating nanosystems,highlights their emerging biomedical applications,and discusses the opportunities and challenges for further *** nanotechnology provides a versatile toolkit to construct biocompatible ROS-generating platforms for next-generation nanomedicines.

关键词： DNA nanotechnology Photodynamic therapy Chemodynamic therapy Reactive oxygen species Nanomedicine

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Cooperative decision-making algorithm with efficient convergence for UCAV formation in beyond-visual-range air combat based on multi-agent reinforcement learning

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第8期37卷 311-328页

作者： Yaoming ZHOU Fan YANG Chaoyue ZHANG Shida LI Yongchao WANG School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology Institute of Cyber-Systems and ControlZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China

Highly intelligent Unmanned Combat Aerial Vehicle(UCAV)formation is expected to bring out strengths in Beyond-Visual-Range(BVR)air *** Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning(MARL)shows outstanding performance in cooperative decision-making,it is challenging for existing MARL algorithms to quickly converge to an optimal strategy for UCAV formation in BVR air combat where confrontation is complicated and reward is extremely sparse and *** to solve this problem,this paper proposes an Advantage Highlight Multi-Agent Proximal Policy Optimization(AHMAPPO)***,at every step,the AHMAPPO records the degree to which the best formation exceeds the average of formations in parallel environments and carries out additional advantage sampling according to ***,the sampling result is introduced into the updating process of the actor network to improve its optimization ***,the simulation results reveal that compared with some state-of-the-art MARL algorithms,the AHMAPPO can obtain a more excellent strategy utilizing fewer sample episodes in the UCAV formation BVR air combat simulation environment built in this paper,which can reflect the critical features of BVR air *** AHMAPPO can significantly increase the convergence efficiency of the strategy for UCAV formation in BVR air combat,with a maximum increase of 81.5%relative to other algorithms.

关键词： Unmanned combat aerial vehicle(UCAV)formation Decision-making Beyond-visual-range(BVR)air combat Advantage highlight Multi-agent reinforcement learning(MARL)

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Conversion-type anode chemistry with interfacial compatibility toward Ah-level near-neutral high-voltage zinc ion batteries

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National science Review 2024年第7期11卷 226-238页

作者： Shan Guo Liping Qin Jia Wu Zhexuan Liu Yuhao Huang Yiman Xie Guozhao Fang Shuquan Liang School of Materials Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Electronic Packaging and Advanced Functional Materials of Hunan ProvinceCentral South University College of Biological and Chemical Engineering Guangxi University of Science and Technology Information and Network Center Central South University

High-voltage aqueous zinc ion batteries（AZIBs） with a high-safety near-neutral electrolyte is of great significance for practical sustainable application; however, they suffer from anode and electrode/electrolyte interfacial incompatibility. Herein, a conversion-type anode chemistry with a low anodic potential, which is guided by the Gibbs free energy change of conversion reaction, was designed for high-voltage near-neutral AZIBs. A reversible conversion reaction between ZnC2O4·2H2O particles and three-dimensional Zn metal networks well-matched in CH3COOLi-based electrolyte was revealed. This mechanism can be universally validated in the battery systems with sodium or iodine ions. More importantly, a cathodic crowded micellar electrolyte with a water confinement effect was proposed in which lies the core for the stability and reversibility of the cathode under an operating platform voltage beyond 2.0 V, obtaining a capacity retention of 95% after 100 cycles. Remarkably, the scientific and technological challenges from the coin cell to Ah-scale battery, sluggish kinetics of the solid-solid electrode reaction, capacity excitation under high loading of active material, and preparation complexities associated with large-area quasi-solid electrolytes,were explored, successfully achieving an 88% capacity retention under high loading of more than 20 mg cm-2and particularly a practical 1.1 Ah-level pouch cell. This work provides a path for designing low-cost, eco-friendly and high-voltage aqueous batteries.

关键词： zinc compound anode conversion reaction voltage regulation interfacial design pouch cell

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