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Copper-catalyzed C–H bond functionalization enabled by programmed alternating current

science China Chemistry 2025年第1期68卷 10-11页

作者： Zhoumei Tan Kun Xu Chengchu Zeng Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental and Viral Oncology College of Chemistry and Life ScienceBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China

Synthetic electrochemistry has been selected as one of the Top Ten Emerging Technologies in Chemistry in 2023 by International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry(IUPAC)^([1]).It has emerged as a sustainable platform for organic synthesis and has exhibited a wide range of applications from academia to industry^([2]).However,electrosynthesis has been predominantly performed by using direct current(DC).

关键词： catalyzed Copper IUPAC

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Study on the Impact Characteristics of Modular Floating Airbags for life-Saving Platforms Entering Water 7th

Study on the Impact Characteristics of Modular Floating Airb...

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7th China Aeronautical science and technology Conference, CASTC 2024

作者： Zhu, Yuanchun Sun, Libing Ren, Jian AVIC Aerospace Life-Support Industries Ltd. Xiangyang441000 China Key Laboratory of Aviation Science and Technology for Aviation Protection and Life-Saving Technology Xiangyang441000 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819797738

The life-saving platform can provide remote life-saving materials and refuge facilities for victims who encounter sudden natural disasters and accidents within the delivery radius, and has the ability to improve the survival chances of victims. The rescue platform in this article is equipped with a modular floating airbag to provide the rescue platform with long-term floating capacity. In order to evaluate whether the connection belt and airbag pressure of the modular floating airbag and the selection of airbag material and connection belt material meet the requirements when the life-saving platform enters the water with different posture, three water entry posture were simulated and calculated. The simulation results show that the pressure of the connecting belt and the airbag of the water entry posture 2 is the most tested, and the design of the connecting belt and the airbag has a large safety space. © Chinese Society of Aeronautics and Astronautics 2025.

关键词： Disasters

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Age-dependent alpha-synuclein aggregation and Lewy body formation in Parkinson's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第12期20卷 3533-3534页

作者： Chun Chau Sung Kenny K.K.Chung Division of Life Science State Key Laboratory of Molecular NeuroscienceThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common degenerative disorder that is becoming increasingly prevalent because of the global aging *** exact cause of the disorder is unknown;however,recent studies have suggested that multiple factors may contribute to its *** is characterized by a movement disorder that primarily affects motor control;pathologically,the disease is marked by the presence of Lewy bodies (LBs) in the brain.

关键词： pathogenesis aggregation becoming

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Bioinspired smart dual-layer hydrogels system with synchronous solar and thermal radiation modulation for energy-saving all-season temperature regulation

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第2期101卷 175-190,I0005页

作者： Meng-Chen Huang Chao-Hua Xue Zhongxue Bai Jun Cheng Yong-Gang Wu Chao-Qun Ma Li Wan Long Xie Hui-Di Wang Bing-Ying Liu Xiao-Jing Guo College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering Shaanxi University of Science&TechnologyXi'an 710021ShaanxiChina Schoolof Manufacture Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Testing Technology for Manufacturing ProcessMinistry of EducationSouthwest University of Science and TechnologyMianyang 621010SichuanChina School of Life Science and Engineering Southwest University of Science and TechnologyMianyang 621010SichuanChina Northwest Institute for Nonferrous Metal Research Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Biomedical Metal MaterialsXi'an 710016ShanxiChina

All-season thermal management with zero energy consumption and emissions is more crucial to global decarbonization over traditional energy-intensive cooling/heating ***,the static single thermal management for cooling or heating fails to self-regulate the temperature in dynamic seasonal temperature ***,inspired by the dual-temperature regulation function of the fur color changes on the backs and abdomens of penguins,a smart thermal management composite hydrogel(PNA@H-PM Gel)system was subtly created though an"on-demand"dual-layer structure design *** PNA@H-PM Gel system features synchronous solar and thermal radiation modulation as well as tunable phase transition temperatures to meet the variable seasonal thermal requirements and energy-saving demands via self-adaptive radiative cooling and solar heating ***,this system demonstrates superb modulations of both the solar reflectance(ΔR=0.74)and thermal emissivity(ΔE=0.52)in response to ambient temperature changes,highlighting efficient temperature regulation with average radiative cooling and solar heating effects of 9.6℃in summer and 6.1℃in winter,***,compared to standard building baselines,the PNA@H-PM Gel presents a more substantial energy-saving cooling/heating potentials for energy-efficient buildings across various regions and *** novel solution,inspired by penguins in the real world,will offer a fresh approach for producing intelligent,energy-saving thermal management materials,and serve for temperature regulation under dynamic climate conditions and even throughout all seasons.

关键词： Thermochromic hydrogel Self-adaptive thermal management Radiative cooling Spectral modulation Energy-saving

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Thermal damage behavior of contaminated mirror by continuous wave high-power laser

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Optical Engineering 2025年第3期64卷

作者： Luo, Xinyu Qiu, Jing Liu, Guanjun Yang, Peng National University of Defense Technology College of Intelligence Science and Technology Changsha China National University of Defense Technology National Key Laboratory of Equipment State Sensing and Smart Support Changsha China

High-power continuous wave (CW) lasers are widely used in manufacturing, military, medical, and other fields. These applications often need optical elements, especially mirrors. However, environmental contamination is inevitable. Contaminated mirrors can be damaged by CW laser irradiation. We present the thermal damage behavior of contaminated optical mirrors under CW laser irradiation and establish a thermal damage simulation model for single and multiple contaminant particles. Carbon (C) particle has greater harm on optical mirrors compared with iron (Fe) and silicon dioxide (SiO2) particles. The safe and damage ranges of laser power, spot radius, and incident angle are obtained by simulation models to avoid damage. In fact, multiple contaminant particles have a high probability of damage, and particles near the center area of laser irradiation can cause a sudden temperature change on the surface of optical mirrors, resulting in thermal damage. Finally, the simulation model we proposed was validated through laser damage experiments on contaminated mirrors. We contributed to understanding the impact of contamination on optical elements and can be used to prevent thermal damage in high-power CW laser systems. © 2025 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)

关键词： Laser mirrors

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Redox state of NAD modulates the activation of Na-bicarbonate cotransporter NBCe1-B via IRBIT and L-IRBIT

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science China life sciences 2025年第5期68卷 1452-1462页

作者： Tianxiang Gui Ying Liu Mingfeng Fu 吴寒 Pan Su Xuhui Feng Mengmeng Zheng Zixuan Huang Xudong Luo Walter F.Boron Li-Ming Chen Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education College of Life Science & TechnologyHuazhong University of Science & Technology Institute of Biomedicine and Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research College of Basic MedicineHubei University of Medicine Department of Physiology and Biophysics Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine Research Institute of Huazhong University of Science and Technology in Shenzhen

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide（NAD） is well known as a coenzyme involved in many redox reactions in cellular energy metabolism,or as a substrate for many NAD+-consuming enzymes,including those that generate the second messenger cyclic ADP-ribose or deacetylate proteins（e.g.,histones）.The role of NAD in non-catalytic proteins is poorly *** and L-IRBIT（the IRBITs） are two cytosolic proteins that are structurally related to dehydrogenases but lack catalytic ***,by interacting directly with their targets,the IRBITs modulate the function of numerous proteins with important roles,ranging from Ca2+signaling and intracellular pH（pHi） regulation to DNA metabolism to *** the targets of the IRBITs is the Na+-HCO3-cotransporter NBCe1-B,which plays a central role in intracellular pH（pHi） regulation and epithelial electrolyte ***,we demonstrate that NAD modulates NBCe1-B activation by serving as a cofactor of IRBIT or *** NAD salvage pathway greatly decreases NBCe1-B activation by the *** of the oxidized form NAD+enhances,whereas the reduced form NADH decreases NBCe1-B *** study represents the first example in which the redox state of NAD,via IRBIT or L-IRBIT,modulates the function of a membrane transport *** findings reveal a new role of NAD and greatly expand our understanding of NAD *** the NAD redox state fluctuates greatly with metabolic status,our work provides insight into how,via the IRBITs,energy metabolism could affect pHiregulation and many other IRBIT-dependent processes.

关键词： IRBIT NAD acid-base transporter NBCe1 SLC4A4 AHCYL1 AHCY

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Absolute test for flat surfaces by shifted and rotated maps with yaw angle monitored

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Optics Letters 2025年第9期50卷 3126-3129页

作者： Xue, Shuai Mao, Yunfeng Liu, Yong Hu, Jie National Key Laboratory of Equipment State Sensing and Smart Support College of Intelligent Science National University of Defense Technology Hunan Changsha410073 China Hunan Key Laboratory of Ultra-Precision Machining Technology Hunan Changsha410073 China

An absolute testing method for flat surfaces, termed the shifted and rotated maps with yaw angle monitored (SR-YAM) technique, has been developed. This approach requires only four measurement configurations: the initial position, a position translated along the x axis, a 90° rotated position, and a subsequent x-translation applied after the rotation. The relative yaw angles among these four configurations are precisely monitored using an autocollimator. The reconstruction model shows that this method can recover the absolute surface form at pixel-level resolution with no theoretical error including all the two-order terms. The proposed method exhibits both simplicity and completeness, necessitating only four test maps, two degrees of motion, and two flat surfaces. Theoretical simulations and experiments on flats were conducted and compared with the existing absolute data to show it can realize sub-nanometer accuracy. © 2025 Optica Publishing Group. All rights, including for text and data mining (TDM), Artificial Intelligence (AI) training, and similar technologies, are reserved.

关键词： CCD cameras Image reconstruction Measuring instruments Resolution Roll to roll processing Spatial resolution

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Stereoscopic Imaging of Single Molecules at Plasma Membrane of Single Cell Using Photoreduction-Assisted Electrochemistry

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Research 2025年第1期7卷 975-983页

作者： Rong Jin Yu Li Yanyan Xu Lei Cheng Dechen Jiang State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina College of Engineering and Technology Southwest UniversityChongqingChina

Stereoscopic imaging of single molecules at the plasma membrane of single cell requires spatial resolutions in 3 dimensions(x-y-z)at 10-nm level,which is rarely achieved using most optical super-resolution ***,electrochemical stereoscopic microscopy with a detection limit down to a single molecule is achieved using a photoreduction-assisted cycle inside a 20-nm gel electrolyte nanoball at the tip of a *** the basis of the electrochemical oxidation of Ru(bpy)_(3)^(2+)into Ru(bpy)33+followed by the reduction of Ru(bpy)_(3)^(3+)into Ru(bpy)_(3)^(2+)by photogenerated isopropanol radicals,a charge of 1.5 fC is obtained from the cycling electron transfers involving one Ru(bpy)_(3)^(2+/3+)*** using the nanopipette to scan the cellular membrane modified with Ru(bpy)_(3)^(2+)-tagged antibody,the morphology of the cell membrane and the distribution of carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA)on the membrane are electrochemically visualized with a spatial resolution of 14 *** resultant stereoscopic image reveals more CEA on membrane protrusions,providing direct evidence to support easy access of membrane CEA to intravenous *** breakthrough in single-molecule electrochemistry at the cellular level leads to the establishment of high-resolution 3-dimensional single-cell electrochemical microscopy,offering an alternative strategy to remedy the imperfection of stereoscopic visualization in optical microscopes.

关键词： stereoscopic imaging electrochemical oxidation plasma membrane photoreduction assisted electrochemistry single molecules stereoscopic microscopy

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Dual roles ofα1,4-galactosyltransferase 1 in spermatogenesis of Drosophila melanogaster

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Insect science 2025年第1期32卷 127-139页

作者： Yanhong Xiao Bo Huang Sibo Chen Zhikai Lin Zhiying Zhu Yuzhen Lu Xiao-Qiang Yu Liang Wen Qihao Hu Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Insect Development Regulation and Application ResearchInstitute of Insect Science and TechnologySchool of Life SciencesSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhouChina School of Life Sciences Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative BiologyCentral China Normal UniversityWuhanChina

Spermatogenesis is critical for insect reproduction and the process is regulated by multiple *** have been shown to participate in the development of Drosophila melanogaster;however,their role in spermatogenesis is still *** this study,we found thatα1,4-galactosyltransferase 1(α4GT1)was expressed at a significantly higher level in the testis than in the ovary of ***,the hatching rate was significantly decreased whenα4GT1 RNA interference(RNAi)males were crossed with w1118 females,with only a few mature sperm being present in the seminal vesicle ofα4GT1 RNAi *** staining further revealed that the individualization complex(IC)in the testes fromα4GT1 RNAi flies was scattered and did not move synchronically,compared with the clustered IC observed in the control *** deoxyribonucleotide transferase(TdT)-mediated dUTP nick end labeling(TUNEL)assay showed that apoptosis signals in the sperm bundles ofα4GT1 RNAi flies were significantly ***,the expression of several individualization-related genes,such as Shrub,Obp44a and Hanabi,was significantly decreased,whereas the expression of several apoptosis-related genes,including Dronc and Drice,was significantly increased in the testes ofα4GT1 RNAi ***,these results suggest thatα4GT1 may play dual roles in Drosophila spermatogenesis by regulating the sperm individualization process and maintaining the survival of sperm bundles.

关键词： apoptosis α4GT1 galactosyltransferase individualization spermatogenesis

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Research on Calculation Method of Drag Chute Opening Performance Based on Rocket Sled Platform 7th

Research on Calculation Method of Drag Chute Opening Perform...

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7th China Aeronautical science and technology Conference, CASTC 2024

作者： Jin, Lou Cui, Dongyue Yang, Pin Yu, Yuanyuan Aviation Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Life-Support Technology Xianyang China Overall Technology R&D Department AVIC Aerospace Life-Support Industries Ltd. Xianyang China Institute of Mechanical and Electrical System AVIC The First Aircraft Institute Xi’an China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819797738

This paper proposes a calculation method based on the rocket sled test method to quickly verify the performance of the main drag chute of aircraft. According to the working principle and folding process of the drag chute, combined with the pre-processing folding and calculation folding methods, the simulation folding process of the finite element model of the drag chute is designed, the finite element model of the rocket sled system was established. Then, the S-ALE fluid structure coupling algorithm was used to simulate and calculate the performance parameters of the rocket sled drag parachute system during the parachute deployment process, forming a simulation verification process for the parachute deployment performance of the drag chute. The calculation results show that the force on the rope of the drag chute during the operation process of the rocket sled drag parachute system shows a consistent trend over time, and the error generated by calculating the opening performance parameters of the rocket sled drag parachute system using the method proposed in this article are within 12%, which can meet the requirements of engineering use. The calculation method proposed in this article can to some extent replace the rocket sled test to verify the performance of the parachute. The calculation method proposed can quickly predict the performance of the drag chute instead of physical tests at the initial stage of development. © Chinese Society of Aeronautics and Astronautics 2025.

关键词： Parachutes

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