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Dual roles ofα1,4-galactosyltransferase 1 in spermatogenesis of Drosophila melanogaster

Insect science 2025年第1期32卷 127-139页

作者： Yanhong Xiao Bo Huang Sibo Chen Zhikai Lin Zhiying Zhu Yuzhen Lu Xiao-Qiang Yu Liang Wen Qihao Hu Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Insect Development Regulation and Application ResearchInstitute of Insect Science and TechnologySchool of Life SciencesSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhouChina School of Life Sciences Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative BiologyCentral China Normal UniversityWuhanChina

Spermatogenesis is critical for insect reproduction and the process is regulated by multiple *** have been shown to participate in the development of Drosophila melanogaster;however,their role in spermatogenesis is still *** this study,we found thatα1,4-galactosyltransferase 1(α4GT1)was expressed at a significantly higher level in the testis than in the ovary of ***,the hatching rate was significantly decreased whenα4GT1 RNA interference(RNAi)males were crossed with w1118 females,with only a few mature sperm being present in the seminal vesicle ofα4GT1 RNAi *** staining further revealed that the individualization complex(IC)in the testes fromα4GT1 RNAi flies was scattered and did not move synchronically,compared with the clustered IC observed in the control *** deoxyribonucleotide transferase(TdT)-mediated dUTP nick end labeling(TUNEL)assay showed that apoptosis signals in the sperm bundles ofα4GT1 RNAi flies were significantly ***,the expression of several individualization-related genes,such as Shrub,Obp44a and Hanabi,was significantly decreased,whereas the expression of several apoptosis-related genes,including Dronc and Drice,was significantly increased in the testes ofα4GT1 RNAi ***,these results suggest thatα4GT1 may play dual roles in Drosophila spermatogenesis by regulating the sperm individualization process and maintaining the survival of sperm bundles.

关键词： apoptosis α4GT1 galactosyltransferase individualization spermatogenesis

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Expanding super-resolution imaging versatility in organisms with multi-confocal image scanning microscopy

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National science Review 2024年第9期11卷 158-170页

作者： Wei Ren Meiling Guan Qianxi Liang Meiqi Li Boya Jin Guangxing Duan Liya Zhang Xichuan Ge Hong Xu Yiwei Hou Baoxiang Gao Sodmergen Peng Xi Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Future TechnologyPeking University National Biomedical Imaging Center Peking University Key Laboratory of Computational Optical Imaging Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Life Sciences Peking University Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province College of Chemistry and Material ScienceHebei University Airy Technologies Co.Ltd.

Resolving complex three-dimensional(3D) subcellular dynamics noninvasively in live tissues demands imaging tools that balance spatiotemporal resolution, field-of-view and phototoxicity. Image scanning microscopy(ISM), as an advancement of confocal laser scanning microscopy, provides a 2-fold 3D resolution enhancement. Nevertheless, the relatively low imaging speed has been the major obstacle for ISM to be further employed in in vivo imaging of biological tissues. Our proposed solution, multi-confocal image scanning microscopy(MC-ISM), aims to overcome the limitations of existing techniques in terms of spatiotemporal resolution balancing by optimizing pinhole diameter and pitch, eliminating out-of-focus signals, and introducing a frame reduction reconstruction algorithm. The imaging speed is increased by 16times compared with multifocal structured illumination microscopy. We further propose a single-galvo scan,akin to the Archimedes spiral in spinning disk confocal systems, to ensure a high-speed and high-accuracy scan without the galvanometer's inertial motion. Benefitting from its high photon efficiency, MC-ISM allows continuous imaging of mitochondria dynamics in live cells for 1000 frames without apparent phototoxicity, reaching an imaging depth of 175 μm. Noteworthy, MC-ISM enables the observation of the inner membrane structure of living mitochondria in Arabidopsis hypocotyl for the first time, demonstrating its outstanding performance.

关键词： super-resolution imaging confocal image scanning microscopy

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Research on Calculation Method of Drag Chute Opening Performance Based on Rocket Sled Platform 7th

Research on Calculation Method of Drag Chute Opening Perform...

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7th China Aeronautical science and technology Conference, CASTC 2024

作者： Jin, Lou Cui, Dongyue Yang, Pin Yu, Yuanyuan Aviation Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Life-Support Technology Xianyang China Overall Technology R&D Department AVIC Aerospace Life-Support Industries Ltd. Xianyang China Institute of Mechanical and Electrical System AVIC The First Aircraft Institute Xi’an China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819797738

This paper proposes a calculation method based on the rocket sled test method to quickly verify the performance of the main drag chute of aircraft. According to the working principle and folding process of the drag chute, combined with the pre-processing folding and calculation folding methods, the simulation folding process of the finite element model of the drag chute is designed, the finite element model of the rocket sled system was established. Then, the S-ALE fluid structure coupling algorithm was used to simulate and calculate the performance parameters of the rocket sled drag parachute system during the parachute deployment process, forming a simulation verification process for the parachute deployment performance of the drag chute. The calculation results show that the force on the rope of the drag chute during the operation process of the rocket sled drag parachute system shows a consistent trend over time, and the error generated by calculating the opening performance parameters of the rocket sled drag parachute system using the method proposed in this article are within 12%, which can meet the requirements of engineering use. The calculation method proposed in this article can to some extent replace the rocket sled test to verify the performance of the parachute. The calculation method proposed can quickly predict the performance of the drag chute instead of physical tests at the initial stage of development. © Chinese Society of Aeronautics and Astronautics 2025.

关键词： Parachutes

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Recent advances in protective technologies against copper corrosion

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Journal of Materials science & technology 2024年第34期201卷 75-94页

作者： Xiaomeng She Jian Peng Yujie Qiang Yue Zhou Song Zhang State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing Wuhan University of Technology122 Luoshi RoadWuhan 430070China National Center for Materials Service Safety University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China School of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Life ScienceWuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China

Copper,one of the most frequently utilized non-ferrous metals,finds extensive applications in the elec-trical industry,mechanical engineering,construction industry,and arm ***-term exposure to corrosive environments including moisture,sulfur,chlorine,and microbes induces corrosion,a signifi-cant factor contributing to material ***,numerous scientific endeavors have been directed towards the prevention of copper ***,coating copper with innovative materials like graphene,boron nitride,and various conductive polymers has proven effective in thwarting ***,the introduction of new organic compounds,including azole derivatives,amino acids,and N-heterocyclic carbenes,has bolstered the eco-friendliness and efficiency of corrosion inhibitors and molecular passivation ***,these approaches have been extensively investigated for their efficacy in antioxidation of copper *** study provides a comprehensive review of the latest advancements in protective technologies,such as anti-corrosion coatings,corrosion inhibitors,and molecular passivation layers,aimed at countering copper corrosion under aggressive conditions.

关键词： Copper corrosion Coating Corrosion inhibitor Molecular passivation

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An Experimental Study on Water Curtain Cooling and Infrared Concealment Effects

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哈尔滨工程大学学报(英文版) 2025年第3期24卷 567-579页

作者： Nenglin Yuan Meinan Liu Yitao Zou Hong Shi School of Energy and Power Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiang 212003China Key Laboratory of Aircraft Environment Control and Life Support Nanjing University of Aeronautics&AstronauticsNanjing 210016China

The water curtain spray system of the ship helps reduce surface thermal load and lowers thermal infrared radiation, notably enhancing the stealth and survivability of naval ships. The performance of the water curtain spray system is largely influenced by the density of the nozzles and their installation height. Therefore, a test platform was established to investigate these critical influencing factors, employing an orthogonal design methodology for the experimental study. Specifically, the study evaluated the effects of varying distances to the steel plate target and different injection heights on the cooling performance of the system. Results demonstrate that using one nozzle per 4 square meters of the ship's surface area effectively lowers the surface temperature, bringing it closer to the ambient background temperature. This nozzle configuration creates irregular infrared heat patterns, which complicate the task for infrared detectors to discern the ship's outline, thus enhancing its infrared stealth. Additionally, maintaining the nozzle installation height within 0.6 m to prevent the temperature difference between the steel plate and the background temperature from exceeding 4 K. Moreover, as the infrared imaging distance increases from 3 to 9 m, the temperature difference measured by the thermocouple and the infrared imager increases by 141.27%. Furthermore, with the increase in infrared imaging distance, the infrared temperature of the target steel plate approaches the background temperature, indicating improved detectability. These findings have significantly enhanced the stealth capabilities of naval ships, maximizing their immunity to infrared-guided weapon attacks. Moreover, their importance in improving the survivability of ships on the water surface cannot be underestimated.

关键词： Ship water curtain stealth Water curtain nozzles Water curtain cooling Infrared shielding Infrared stealth

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Quantitative Analysis of Flow Resistance in the Ventilation Pipeline of Ejection Seats and Optimization Design of Flow Resistance Reduction 7th

Quantitative Analysis of Flow Resistance in the Ventilation ...

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7th China Aeronautical science and technology Conference, CASTC 2024

作者： Jin, Lou Wu, Jing Chen, Yuxiang Cui, Dongyue Aviation Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Life-Support Technology Xianyang China Overall Technology R&D Department AVIC Aerospace Life-Support Industries Ltd. Xianyang China Institute of Mechanical and Electrical System AVIC The First Aircraft Institute Xi’an China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819797707

During normal flight, the ejection seat ventilation system provides a dedicated gas transmission channel for electronic oxygen and anti load regulators. The flow resistance of the pipeline directly affects the ventilation and supply performance of the regulator and the anti load protection ability during mobile operations. This article adopts a combination of numerical simulation and experimental testing methods to quantitatively analyze the flow resistance of a certain type of ejection seat ventilation pipeline. Based on the principle of gas supply performance testing and numerical simulation methods, a research process is designed. The simulation accuracy of different simulation models under different ventilation flow rates is analyzed, and the ventilation pipeline is optimized based on the calculation formula of pipeline flow resistance theory and the analysis results of pipeline flow field. The research results indicate that among multiple turbulence models, the Realizable k-e model has the best accuracy in simulating pipeline flow resistance, with a maximum error of 14.2% and a minimum error of 1.3% under different flow conditions, both below 15%, meeting the requirements for engineering use;the vortices generated at the corners and variable diameter areas of the ventilation pipeline can lead to energy dissipation. Optimizing the transition corners and pipeline diameter of the bend can reduce the generation of vortices and reduce the system flow resistance to 17.9% of the original value;under the premise of constant pipeline flow rate, the flow resistance of ventilation pipelines is inversely proportional to the fifth power of pipeline diameter. When optimizing pipeline flow resistance design, emphasis should be placed on optimizing from the pipeline diameter. © Chinese Society of Aeronautics and Astronautics 2025.

关键词： Ejection seats

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Structural and biochemical basis of FLS2-mediated signal activation and transduction in rice

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Plant Communications 2024年第3期5卷 216-231页

作者： Qiaoqiao Zhao Jinlin Bao Huailong Li Wei Hu Yanqiong Kong Yifeng Zhong Qiang Fu Guolyu Xu Fenmei Liu Xi Jiao Jian Jin Zhenhua Ming State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources College of Life Science and TechnologyGuangxi Key Laboratory for Sugarcane BiologyGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004P.R.China

The receptor-like kinase FLAGELLIN-SENSITIVE 2(FLS2)functions as a bacterialflagellin receptor local-ized on the cell membrane of *** Arabidopsis,the co-receptor BRI1-ASSOCIATED RECEPTOR KI-NASE 1(BAK1)cooperates with FLS2 to detect theflagellin epitopeflg22,resulting in formation of a signaling complex that triggers plant defense ***,the co-receptor responsible for recog-nizing and signaling theflg22 epitope in rice remains to be determined,and the precise structural mecha-nism underlying FLS2-mediated signal activation and transduction has not been *** study pre-sents the structural characterization of a kinase-dead mutant of the intracellular kinase domain of OsFLS2(OsFLS2-KDD1013A)in complex with ATP or ADP,resolved at resolutions of 1.98 A˚and 2.09 A˚,*** analysis revealed that OsFLS2 can adopt an active conformation in the absence of phosphorylation,although it exhibits only weak basal catalytic activity for ***-quent investigations demonstrated that OsSERK2 effectively phosphorylates OsFLS2,which reciprocally phosphorylates OsSERK2,leading to complete activation of OsSERK2 and rapid phosphorylation of the downstream substrate receptor-like cytoplasmic kinases OsRLCK176 and *** mass spectrometry experiments,we successfully identied critical autophosphorylation sites on OsSERK2,as well as sites transphosphorylated by ***,we demonstrated the interaction between OsSERK2 and OsFLS2,which is enhanced in the presence *** evidence suggests that OsRLCK176 and OsRLCK185 may function downstream of the OsFLS2-mediated signaling *** study reveals the molecular mechanism by which OsFLS2 mediates signal transduction pathways in rice and provides a valuable example for understanding RLK-mediated signaling pathways in plants.

关键词： FLS2 active conformation kinase activation transphosphorylation signal transduction

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Refining biome labeling for large-scale microbial community samples:Leveraging neural networks and transfer learning

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Environmental science and Ecotechnology 2024年第1期17卷 128-137页

作者： Nan Wang Teng Wang Kang Ning Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Molecular-imagingCenter of AI BiologyDepartment of Bioinformatics and Systems BiologyCollege of Life Science and TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074HubeiChina

Microbiome research has generated an extensive amount of data,resulting in a wealth of publicly accessible *** annotation of these samples is crucial for effectively utilizing microbiome data across scientific ***,a notable challenge arises from the lack of essential annotations,particularly regarding collection location and sample biome information,which significantly hinders environmental microbiome *** this study,we introduce Meta-Sorter,a novel approach utilizing neural networks and transfer learning,to enhance biome labeling for thousands of microbiome samples in the MGnify database that have incomplete *** findings demonstrate that Meta-Sorter achieved a remarkable accuracy rate of 96.7%in classifying samples among the 16,507 lacking detailed biome ***,Meta-Sorter provides precise classifications for representative environmental samples that were previously ambiguously labeled as“Marine”in MGnify,thereby elucidating their specific origins in benthic and water column ***,Meta-Sorter effectively distinguishes samples derived from human-environment interactions,enabling clear differentiation between environmental and human-related *** improving the completeness of biome label information for numerous microbial community samples,our research facilitates more accurate knowledge discovery across diverse disciplines,with particular implications for environmental research.

关键词： Microbial community Transfer learning Sample classification Environmental scientific research Novel knowledge discovery

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Generation and characterization of nanobodies targeting GPCR

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Biophysics Reports 2024年第1期10卷 22-30页

作者： Shenglan Zhang Zhiran Fan Jianfeng Liu Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory) Cellular Signaling laboratory International Research Center for Sensory Biology and Technology of MOST Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of MOE College of Life Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology

G protein-coupled receptors(GPCRs) are a large family of cell membrane proteins that are important targets for drug discovery. Nanobodies, also known as VHH(variable domains of heavy chain-only antibodies, HcAbs) antibodies, are small antibody fragments derived from camelids that have gained significant attention as potential therapeutics for targeting GPCRs due to their advantages over conventional antibodies. However, there are challenges in developing nanobodies targeting GPCRs, among which epitope accessibility is the most significant because the cell membrane partially shields the GPCR surface. We developed a universal protocol for making nanobodies targeting GPCRs using the cell membrane extract of GPCR-overexpressing HEK293 cells as the llama/alpaca immunization antigen. We constructed an immune VHH library and identified nanobodies by phage display bio-panning. The monoclonal nanobodies were recombinantly expressed in Escherichia coli(E. coli) and purified to characterize their binding potency.

关键词： Nanobody G protein-coupled receptor GPCR Single domain antibody Heavy chain-only antibody

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Effects of different water levels on phytoplankton in the Harbin section of the Songhua River

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2025年第1期43卷 134-146页

作者： Yi’nan SUN Jingshen LI Yawen FAN Xinxin LU College of Life Science and Technology Harbin Normal UniversityHarbin 150025China Key Laboratory of Aquatic Organisms Harbin Normal UniversityHarbin 150025China

The functional diversity index of a phytoplankton body has gradually become a new mean of measuring and *** explore the response of phytoplankton taxonomy and the functional diversity index to interannual environmental changes,a survey on the structure of the phytoplankton community and water physicochemical characteristics of the water was carried out at 28 sampling points in the Harbin section of the Songhua River for three consecutive years in every May from 2021 to *** taxonomy diversity index and the functional diversity index were ***,The relationship between the structure of the characteristics of the community and environmental factors was explored;secondly,we reveal the responses of taxonomic and functional diversity indices to different habitats between years;finally,we explore the main environmental factors that control the taxonomic and functional diversity indices of *** show that,initially,environmental factors in water changes caused by different water levels between years affected the composition of phytoplankton ***,by comparing the taxonomic diversity index and the functional diversity index on a time scale,we found that the taxonomic diversity index was more responsive to environmental ***,the main environmental factors on the phytoplankton taxonomic diversity index were dissolved oxygen,Taxonomic diversity index,and specific conductivity,and the main environmental factors that affected the functional diversity index were dissolved oxygen,turbidity,and water *** study reveals the important role of the taxonomic diversity index in river water quality evaluation,obtained new information on the relative precision of the taxonomic diversity index and the functional diversity index in the evaluation of ecological health of the water,and provided a reliable tool for monitoring river water quality based on aquatic organisms.

关键词： Songhua River Basin phytoplankton functional diversity biodiversity index watershed ecology

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