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2024 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, EMNLP 2024

作者： Xu, Yue Qi, Xiuyuan Qin, Zhan Wang, Wenjie School of Information Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University China The State Key Laboratory of Blockchain and Data Security Zhejiang University China

ISBN: (纸本)9798891761681

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) extend the capacity of LLMs to understand multimodal information comprehensively, achieving remarkable performance in many vision-centric tasks. Despite that, recent studies have shown that these models are susceptible to jailbreak attacks, which refer to an exploitative technique where malicious users can break the safety alignment of the target model and generate misleading and harmful answers. This potential threat is caused by both the inherent vulnerabilities of LLM and the larger attack scope introduced by vision input. To enhance the security of MLLMs against jailbreak attacks, researchers have developed various defense techniques. However, these methods either require modifications to the model's internal structure or demand significant computational resources during the inference phase. Multimodal information is a double-edged sword. While it increases the risk of attacks, it also provides additional data that can enhance safeguards. Inspired by this, we propose Cross-modality Information DEtectoR (CIDER), a plug-and-play jailbreaking detector designed to identify maliciously perturbed image inputs, utilizing the cross-modal similarity between harmful queries and adversarial images. CIDER is independent of the target MLLMs and requires less computation cost. Extensive experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of CIDER, as well as its transferability to both white-box and black-box MLLMs. The resource is available at https://***/PandragonXIII/CIDER. © 2024 Association for Computational Linguistics.

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Dielectric Properties of Insulating Materials in Subnanosecond Pulse Generator 16

Dielectric Properties of Insulating Materials in Subnanoseco...

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16th IEEE PES Asia-Pacific Power and Energy Engineering Conference, APPEEC 2024

作者： Yu, Siyan Zhang, Xingjia Wang, Zixuan Ma, Zhuxin Li, Huaqiang Gao, Jinghui Zhong, Lisheng Xi'an Jiaotong University State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment Xi'an China Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology Key Laboratory of Advanced Science and Technology on High Power Microwave Xi'an China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350386127

High power subnanosecond pulse is a hot topic in pulse power field. Aim at the insulation of the high power subnanosecond pulse generator, the high frequency dielectric properties of the common insulating materials were tested in the range of IMHz3GHz and -50°C100°C. The results show that in the range of high frequency band and wide temperature range, the relative permittivity of the insulating material decreases with frequency. The relative permittvity of propylene carbonate is still as high as 50 in the GHz range at room temperature, so propylene carbonate can be used as an ideal liquid material for pulse power energy storage devices. The high frequency dielectric properties of solid and liquid insulating materials in wide temperature range were established to provide data support for the research of insulation materials in pulse generation devices in the future. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Liquid insulating materials

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CHARACTERISTICS OF IRRADIATION PRODUCTION OF RADIOISOTOPE IN AN ULTRA-HIGH FLUX RESEARCH REACTOR 31

CHARACTERISTICS OF IRRADIATION PRODUCTION OF RADIOISOTOPE IN...

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2024 31st International Conference on nuclear Engineering, ICONE 2024

作者： Li, Jian Xu, Wei Zhao, Jing Liu, Zhihong She, Ding Xie, Heng Shi, Lei Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Nuclear Energy Technology Key Laboratory of Advanced Reactor Engineering and Safety of Ministry of Education Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China School of Nuclear Science and Engineering Beijing Key Laboratory of Passive Safety Technology for Nuclear Energy North China Electric Power University Beijing102206 China

ISBN: (纸本)9780791888223

Radioisotopes are widely used in industry, agriculture, healthcare, and other fields, they are important basic materials for nuclear science and technology. The research reactor scheme designed by our institute is characterized by high neutron flux, flexible rector core layout, strong irradiation capability, and convenient operation. It has important applications in nuclear fuel and material irradiation test, radioisotope production, neutron science research, etc. By arranging irradiation targets in the thermal irradiation channels of this reactor to produce radioisotopes, it is expected to obtain satisfactory radioisotope yield. This paper analyzes the characteristics of radioisotope production with the high flux reactor, and the productions of rare isotopes, medical isotopes and industrial isotopes are considered. With the relatively high thermal neutron flux, the target irradiation period could be shortened and the specific activity would be improved. Based on the characteristics of radioisotope conversion, a reasonable arrangement scheme for irradiation targets will help to improve the neutron utilization and isotope production. Copyright © 2024 by *** rights reserved.

关键词： Neutron flux

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ERROR ANALYSIS OF VIRTUAL ELEMENT METHODS FOR THE TIME-DEPENDENT POISSON-NERNST-PLANCK EQUATIONS

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 2025年第3期43卷 731-770页

作者： Ying Yang Ya Liu Yang Liu Shi Shu School of Mathematics and Computational Science Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Data Analysis and ComputationCenter for Applied Mathematics of Guangxi(GUET)Guilin University of Electronic TechnologyGuilin 541004China School of Mathematics and Computational Science Guilin University of Electronic TechnologyGuilin 541004China School of Mathematics and Computational Science Xiangtan UniversityXiangtan 411105China

We discuss and analyze the virtual element method on general polygonal meshes for the time-dependent Poisson-Nernst-Planck(PNP)equations,which are a nonlinear coupled system widely used in semiconductors and ion *** presenting the semi-discrete scheme,the optimal H1 norm error estimates are presented for the time-dependent PNP equations,which are based on some error estimates of a virtual element energy *** Gummel iteration is used to decouple and linearize the PNP equations and the error analysis is also given for the iteration of fully discrete virtual element *** numerical experiment on different polygonal meshes verifies the theoretical convergence results and shows the efficiency of the virtual element method.

关键词： Virtual element method Error estimate Poisson-Nernst-Planck equations Polygonal meshes Energy projection Gummel iteration

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Nanorepair medicine for treatment of organ injury

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National science Review 2024年第9期11卷 346-360页

作者： Han Wang Jessica C.Hsu Wenyu Song Xiaoli Lan Weibo Cai Dalong Ni Department of Orthopaedics Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint DiseasesShanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics Ruijin Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Departments of Radiology and Medical Physics University of Wisconsin-Madison Department of Nuclear Medicine Union Hospital Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy of the Ministry of Education

Organ injuries, such as acute kidney injury, ischemic stroke, and spinal cord injury, often result in complications that can be life-threatening or even fatal. Recently, many nanomaterials have emerged as promising agents for repairing various organ injuries. In this review, we present the important developments in the field of nanomaterial-based repair medicine, herein referred to as ‘nanorepair medicine'. We first introduce the disease characteristics associated with different types of organ injuries and highlight key examples of relevant nanorepair medicine. We then provide a summary of existing strategies in nanorepair medicine, including organ-targeting methodologies and potential countermeasures against exogenous and endogenous pathologic risk factors. Finally, we offer our perspectives on current challenges and future expectations for the advancement of nanomedicine designed for organ injury repair.

关键词： nanomedicine organ injury reactive oxygen species inflammation drug administration

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Electron modulation by atomic Ir site decoration in porous Co/N co-doped carbon for electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution

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Nano Research 2023年第2期16卷 2011-2019页

作者： Youkui Zhang Zitong Yan Yeli Gao Yaqin Fu Wenhao Li Yunxiang Lin Chuanqiang Wu Yujuan Pu Tao Duan Li Song State Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Energy Materials National Co-Innovation Center for Nuclear Waste Disposal and Environmental SafetySouthwest University of Science and TechnologyMianyang 621010China National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Center for Excellence in NanoscienceUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230029China Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology School of Materials Science and EngineeringAnhui Key Laboratory of Information Materials and DevicesKey Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of EducationAnhui UniversityHefei 230601China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 401331China

The rational design of materials at atomic scale as efficient and stable electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)is critical for energy ***,we report a novel hybrid nanostructure with iridium(Ir)and cobalt(Co)atomic pair configuration anchored in porous nitrogen-doped carbon(pNC)nanosheets(denoted as IrCo-pNC)for electrocatalytic *** investigations and theoretical calculations reveal that the interaction between Ir and Co species in pNC promotes electron accumulation and depletion around isolated Ir and Co atoms,respectively,resulting in a local asymmetry electron density *** functional theory calculations also suggest that the electrons transfer from Co to adjacent Ir atom causing the down shift of the d-band center of Ir 5d in IrCo-pNC catalyst,thus optimizing the adsorption of hydrogen on Ir *** as-prepared IrCo-pNC exhibits significant HER performance with an overpotential of 21 mV to achieve a current density of 10 mA·cm^(−2)in 0.5 M *** work provides insight into the role of asymmetry electron density distribution in nanomaterials in regulating HER electrocatalysis.

关键词： electron modulation iridium decoration porous carbon electrocatalysis hydrogen evolution reaction

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Manipulating TWIP/TRIP via oxygen-doping to synergistically enhance strength and ductility of metastable beta titanium alloys

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材料科学技术（英文版） 2025年第12期215卷 58-70页

作者： Yue Gao Wenlong Xiao Damon Kent Junshuai Wang Wentao Jiang Fanqiang Meng Ziling Peng Yu Fu Chaoli Ma Key Laboratory of Aerospace Advanced Materials and Performance of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Tianmushan Laboratory Yuhang DistrictHangzhou 311115China School of Science Technology and EngineeringUniversity of the Sunshine CoastMaroochydore BCQLD 4558Australia Key Laboratory of Aerospace Advanced Materials and Performance of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology Sun Yat-Sen UniversityZhuhai 519000China Sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology Sun Yat-Sen UniversityZhuhai 519000China Synchrotron Radiation Facility Division Institute of Advanced Science FacilitiesShenzhen 518083China School of Mechanical Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China

Metastable β-Ti alloys exhibiting twinning-induced plasticity(TWIP)and transformation-induced plastic-ity(TRIP)generally have excellent ductility,but typically at the expense of relatively low yield strengths which has restricted their widespread *** work shows that interstitial oxygen can be employed to regulate β phase stability to significantly enhance both strength and ductility of TWIP/TRIP *** a Ti-32Nb wt.％base alloy,inclusion of 0.3 wt.％O enhanced ductility by more than 140％,reaching up to 54％strain,and improved the tensile yield strength by over 95％to 632 *** to other common engineering alloys such as Ti-45Nb,elongation was increased by 29％,and the yield strength increased by 182 MPa,***,we elucidate on impacts of oxygen doping on TWIP/TRIP be-haviors in the Ti-32Nb *** reveal that oxygen regulates the critical stress for martensitic transfor-mation,twinning,and dislocation *** lower oxygen doping concentrations(≤0.3 wt.％O),multi-stage martensitic transformation and martensitic twinning resulted in high *** higher oxygen content alloys(≥0.5 wt.％O),deformation occurred initially via twinning,while strain induced martensite was subsequently induced in retained β phase *** concentrations control the deformation mech-anisms,providing a flexible means to synergistically balance an alloy's strength and *** use of oxygen to enhance stability of the β phase and regulate deformation behaviors is a promising new approach for creating high-performance TWIP/TRIP metastable β-Ti alloys with outstanding mechanical properties.

关键词： Titanium alloy TWIP/TRIP Oxygen-doping Deformation behavior Critical stress High-energy X-ray diffraction

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Review on application progress of federated learning model and security hazard protection

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Digital Communications and Networks 2023年第1期9卷 146-158页

作者： Aimin Yang Zezhong Ma Chunying Zhang Yang Han Zhibin Hu Wei Zhang Xiangdong Huang Yafeng Wu Hebei Engineering Research Center for the Intelligentization of Iron Ore Optimization and Ironmaking Raw Materials Preparation Processes North China University of Science and TechnologyTangshanHebeiChina Hebei Key Laboratory of Data Science and Application North China University of Science and TechnologyTangshanHebeiChina The Key Laboratory of Engineering Computing in Tangshan City North China University of Science and TechnologyTangshanHebeiChina Tangshan Intelligent Industry and Image Processing Technology Innovation Center North China University of Science and TechnologyTangshanHebeiChina College of Science North China University of Science and TechnologyTangshanHebeiChina College of Artificial Intelligence North China University of Science and TechnologyTangshanHebeiChina

Federated learning is a new type of distributed learning framework that allows multiple participants to share training results without revealing their data *** data privacy becomes more important,it becomes difficult to collect data from multiple data owners to make machine learning predictions due to the lack of data *** is forced to be stored independently between companies,creating“data silos”.With the goal of safeguarding data privacy and security,the federated learning framework greatly expands the amount of training data,effectively improving the shortcomings of traditional machine learning and deep learning,and bringing AI algorithms closer to our *** the context of the current international data security issues,federated learning is developing rapidly and has gradually moved from the theoretical to the applied *** paper first introduces the federated learning framework,analyzes its advantages,reviews the results of federated learning applications in industries such as communication and healthcare,then analyzes the pitfalls of federated learning and discusses the security issues that should be considered in applications,and finally looks into the future of federated learning and the application layer.

关键词： data silos Machine learning Federated learning Privacy protection Learning framework

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Modeling of ion cyclotron resonance frequency heating of proton-boron plasmas in EHL-2 spherical tokamak

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Plasma science and technology 2024年第10期26卷 39-48页

作者： Xianshu WU Jingchun LI Jiaqi DONG Yuejiang SHI Guoqing LIU Yong LIU Zhiqiang LONG Buqing ZHANG Baoshan YUAN Y.K.Martin PENG Minsheng LIU Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Nuclear and Radiation Safety Institute for Advanced Study in Nuclear Energy&SafetyCollege of Physics and Optoelectronic EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 510640People’s Republic of China Department of Earth and Space Sciences Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055People’s Republic of China ENN Science and Technology Development Co. Ltd.and Hebei Key Laboratory of Compact FusionLangfang 065001People’s Republic of China Siemens Shenzhen Magnetic Resonance Ltd. Shenzhen 518057People’s Republic of China

Ion cyclotron resonance heating(ICRH)stands out as a widely utilized and cost-effective auxiliary method for plasma heating,bearing significant importance in achieving high-performance discharges in p-^(11)B *** light of the specific context of p-^(11)B plasma in the EHL-2 device,we conducted a comprehensive scan of the fundamental physical parameters of the antenna using the full-wave simulation program *** preliminary result indicated that for p-^(11)B plasma,optimal ion heating parameters include a frequency of 40 MHz,with a high toroidal mode number like N_(?)=28 to heat the majority H *** addition,we discussed the impact of concentration of minority ion species on ion cyclotron resonance heating when^(11)B serves as the heavy minority *** significant difference in charge-to-mass ratio between boron and hydrogen ions results in a considerable distance between the hybrid resonance layer and the tow inverted cyclotron resonance layer,necessitating a quite low boron ion concentration to achieve effective minority *** also considered another method of direct heating of hydrogen ions in the presence of boron ion *** is found that at appropriate boron ion concentrations(X(^(11)B)~17%),the position of the hybrid resonance layer approaches that of the hydrogen ion cyclotron resonance layer,thereby altering the polarization at this position and significantly enhancing hydrogen ion fundamental absorption.

关键词： ICRF hydrogen-boron fusion mode conversion fundamental absorption

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Group-wise co-salient object detection via multi-view self-labeling novel class discovery

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Frontiers of Computer science 2024年第2期18卷 259-261页

作者： Yang WU Gang DONG Lingyan LIANG Yaqian ZHAO Kaihua ZHANG Inspur Electronic Information Industry Co. Ltd.Beijing 100080China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Big Data Analysis Technology and Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China

1 Introduction Co-salient object detection(CoSOD)aims to extract the salient object(s)that are common across a group of relevant images[1].Group-wise clue plays a crucial role in accurately predicting the co-salient ***,numerous groupwise deep models have been proposed by exploring consistency across images in unsupervised clustering manners[2-4]or the semantic connections guidance information[5].

关键词： consistency Group semantic

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