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Conceptual design of a SiPM-based Cherenkov detector for application to DT reaction rate diagnostics in fusion reactors

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Journal of Instrumentation 2025年第06期20卷 P06050-P06050页

作者： Chao Zhou Lu Liu JunYong Peng Peng Luan Haoxuan Huang Ze Zhang Yiguo Li Xiaodong Wang Min Xiao Song Feng School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of South China Hengyang 421001 China Division of Reactor Engineering Technology Research China Institute of Atomic Energy Beijing 102413 China Key Laboratory of Advanced Nuclear Energy Design and Safety Ministry of Education Hengyang 421001 China

To detect the 16.7 MeV γ-rays produced by the T(D,γ)5He reaction in a strong neutron interference environment for DT reaction rate determination in fusion reactors, a Cherenkov detector based on a silicon photomu...

To detect the 16.7 MeV γ-rays produced by the T(D,γ)⁵He reaction in a strong neutron interference environment for DT reaction rate determination in fusion reactors, a Cherenkov detector based on a silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) array has been designed. A systematic evaluation of its response to neutrons and γ-rays has been conducted using Geant4. The simulation results indicate that the detector exhibits a good linear response to incident 16.7 MeV γ-rays. The ring imaging reconstruction of Cherenkov photons has been obtained due to the excellent spatial resolution of the SiPM array. The key factors affecting the quality of determining the Cherenkov ring have been analyzed and the physical design of the detector has been optimized. The detector demonstrated the capability of measuring the energy of the incident 16.7 MeV γ-rays and showed an energy resolution of approximately 40%. This study provides an independent and feasible technique for DT fusion power measurement in fusion reactors.

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Observation of intrinsic chiral bound states in the continuum

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Chen, Yang Deng, Huachun Sha, Xinbo Chen, Weijin Wang, Ruize Chen, Yuhang Wu, Dong Chu, Jiaru Kivshar, Yuri S. Xiao, Shumin Qiu, Cheng-Wei Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore117583 Singapore Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation University of Science and Technology of China Hefei230027 China Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Lab of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen518055 China Nonlinear Physics Center Research School of Physics Australian National University CanberraACT2601 Australia Pengcheng Laboratory Shenzhen518055 China

Photons with spin angular momentum possess intrinsic chirality which underpins many phenomena including nonlinear optics1, quantum optics2, topological photonics3 and chiroptics4. Intrinsic chirality is weak in natural materials, and recent theoretical proposals5-7 aimed to enlarge circular dichroism by resonant metasurfaces supporting bound states in the continuum that enhance substantially chiral light-matter interaction. Those insightful works resort to three-dimensional sophisticated geometries, which are too challenging to be realized for optical frequencies8. Therefore, most of the experimental attempts9-11 showing strong circular dichroism rely on false/extrinsic chirality by employing either oblique incidence9, 10 or structural anisotropy11. Here, we report on the experimental realization of true/intrinsic chiral response with resonant metasurfaces where the engineered slant geometry breaks both in-plane and out-of-plane symmetries. Our result marks the first observation of intrinsic chiral bound states in the continuum with near-unity chiral dichroism of 0.93 and record-high quality factor exceeding 2663 for visible frequencies. Our chiral metasurfaces promise a plethora of applications in chiral light sources and detectors, chiral sensing, valleytronics and asymmetric photocatalysis. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Dichroism

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The Impact Failure and Energy Dissipation Mechanism of Polyethylene Laminates

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Journal of Wuhan University of technology(Materials science) 2019年第3期34卷 723-727页

作者： SHU Zaiqin ZHANG Jinyong State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing Institute of Material Science and EngineeringWuhan University of TechnologyWuhan430070China System Design Institute of Hubei Aerospace Technology Academy Wuhan430040China

The damage mechanism and energy dissipation of the Polyethylene (PE) laminates in impacting was investigated. It was found that the dissipated energy of the impacting sphere bullet by the 1-mmthick PE plate firstly increased with the impacting velocity increasing from 50 to about 300 m/s, and then decreased with the impacting velocity increasing up to 600 m/s. According to the measured deformation and damage degree, a numerical simulation of the dissipated energy was made and obvious offset was found with the experimental results. The quasi-static properties of the PE fibers, decreasing with increase in tensile velocity, may be the main reason for the offset.

关键词： polyethylene ballistic impact energy dissipation strain rate

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Modification of severe accident analysis code for accident tolerant fuel (ATF) applications 27

Modification of severe accident analysis code for accident t...

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27th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering: Nuclear Power Saves the World!, ICONE 2019

作者： Xu, Tao Ma, Haifu Tian, Chao Wu, Yirui Yang, Junyun Wang, Kai Zhang, Bin Wang, Junlong Deng, Yaxin Science and Technology on Reactor System Design Technology Laboratory Nuclear Power Institute of China Chengdu Sichuan China School of Nuclear Science and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi China

ISBN: (纸本)9784888983051

After the Fukushima nuclear accident, we gradually realized the safety issues of the traditional UO2+Zr nuclear fuel system. Accident tolerance fuel (ATF) is a new generation fuel concept proposed to improve the performance of fuel elements against severe accidents, and can withstand the consequences of accidents for a long time while maintaining or improving their performance under normal operating conditions. Nowadays, the issue of the safe utilization of nuclear energy has attracted more and more attention. reactor severe accident simulation and analysis for ATF has also become one of the important research directions. MELCOR is a fully integrated engineering-grade computer code which can model severe accidents phenomena in light water reactors. However, the existing MELCOR code is only applicable for the UO2+Zr fuel system, and cannot simulate the behavior of the ATF. So it is necessary to modify the MELCOR code for ATF applications. Based on extensive investigation, multi-fuel and multi-cladding processing module and new physical properties of ATF are added to MELCOR. Also the heat transfer model, oxidation model and cladding failure model are modified, enabling the MELCOR code to calculate ATF behaviors. Afterwards, the model verification is carried out. Then the traditional UO2+Zr and five ATF combinations are applied to the traditional three-loop PWR nuclear power plant to perform the safety analysis under large break loss of coolant accident (LBLOCA). The calculation results show that ATFs have better accident tolerance ability than UO2+Zr fuel system used in the commercial PWR, and the temperature of the cladding rises more slowly. The cladding failure is also delayed to different extent. The ATF fuel system has a better performance under the severe accident condition. © 2018-2019 by JSME

关键词： Uranium dioxide

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Effects of heaving condition on characteristics of system under forced circulation and natural circulation 27

Effects of heaving condition on characteristics of system un...

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27th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering: Nuclear Power Saves the World!, ICONE 2019

作者： Cai, Rong Mi, Zhengpeng Yue, Nina Fang, Hongyu Qiu, Suizheng Wang, Kai Qiu, Zhifang Science and Technology on Reactor System Design Technology Laboratory Chengdu China CNNC Key Laboratory on Nuclear Reactor Thermal Hydraulics Technology Chengdu China Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi China Department of Nuclear Engineering and Management School of Engineering University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9784888983051

Under ocean conditions, the nuclear power plants have complex movements due to the effects of wind and wave. The thermal-hydraulic characteristics of the nuclear power plants under ocean conditions are influenced by its various motions. To ensure the safety of the reactor, the research on the effects of various motions on its thermal-hydraulic characteristics are necessary. The previous research has shown that heaving condition has more serious effects on the thermal-hydraulic characteristics of the nuclear power plants. In this paper, a thermal-hydraulic system code for ocean conditions named STAC was developed, and the STAC code was validated by test data. The effects of heaving conditions on the thermal-hydraulic characteristics of the system under forced circulation and natural circulation are studied with the STAC code. The simulation results show that the thermal parameters of the reactor system under heaving condition fluctuate periodically, and the fluctuation period is the same as the heaving period. The delay of the variation of circuit flow and the thermal inertia of the fuel material cause a phase difference between the fluctuations of the thermal parameters of reactor core. Heaving motion has less effect on the nuclear power system under forced circulation than that under natural circulation. As the amplitude of the acceleration increases, the fluctuation amplitudes of thermal-hydraulic parameters in the nuclear power system increase. Under heaving condition with short period, the fluctuation amplitudes of thermal-hydraulic parameters are affected by the heaving period. With the increase of the fluctuation period, the fluctuation amplitudes of thermal-hydraulic parameters increase gradually, and finally approach certain values. Copyright © 2018-2019 by JSME

关键词： Nuclear power plants

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Modeling of SiC cladding bowing behavior with consideration of spacer grids

Modeling of SiC cladding bowing behavior with consideration ...

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2019 Transactions of the American Nuclear Society, ANS 2019

作者： Li, Wei Shirvan, Koroush Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Science Technology on Reactor System Design Technology Laboratory Nuclear Power Institute of China Chengdu610213 China

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An acceleration technique for method of characteristics based on preconditioning method and CUDA technique 27

An acceleration technique for method of characteristics base...

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27th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering: Nuclear Power Saves the World!, ICONE 2019

作者： Zheng, Yong Peng, Minjun Ping, A.N. Wei, L.U. Science and Technology on Reactor System Design Technology Laboratory Nuclear Power Institute of China Chengdu Sichuan China Fundamental Science on Nuclear Safety and Simulation Technology Laboratory Harbin Engineering University Harbin Heilongjiang China

ISBN: (纸本)9784888983051

The method of characteristics (MOC) with matrix form has more favorable performance compared with its standard application. And the linear algebraic solver affects heavily the computation efficiency. As a Krylov subspace technique, the preconditioned generalized minimal residual algorithm (PGMRES) was proposed to solve the resulting linear system in previous work. To accelerate the iteration process further, the current study utilizes the GPU-based compute unified device architecture(CUDA) technique to program the massively parallel PGMRES. The sparse matrix vector multiplication(SpMV), the most time-consuming operation, was optimized using the coherent visiting and shared memory, which improves the parallel computing performance significantly. Based on the analysis of the numerical feature of the coefficient matrix, two parallel optimization strategies are proposed to deal with the first part of the matrix equation, and the different schemes are utilized to the different parts of the matrix based on the size of row vector, which are expected to improve the throughput of the SpMV operation. The benchmark problem HTTR(i.e. 2D high temperature engineering test reactor benchmark problem) has been simulated to verify the parallel code and evaluate the acceleration performance, and the numerical results demonstrate that the parallel strategies are efficient for the HTTR problem, and the speedup can achieve more than 5.5 times with the optimal strategy. © 2018-2019 by JSME

关键词： Linear systems

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Determining impact parameters of heavy-ion collisions at low-intermediate incident energies using deep learning with convolutional neural networks

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Physical Review C 2022年第3期105卷 034611-034611页

作者： X. Zhang (张鑫) X. Liu (刘星泉) Y. Huang (黄宇) W. Lin (林炜平) H. Zheng (郑华) R. Wada A. Bonasera Z. Chen (陈志强) L. Chen (陈蕾) J. Han (韩纪锋) R. Han (韩瑞) M. Huang (黄美容) Q. Hu (胡强) Q. Leng (冷强钟) C. W. Ma (马春旺) G. Qu (曲国峰) P. Ren (任培培) G. Tian (田国玉) Z. Xu (徐子虚) Z. Yang (杨振雷) L. Zhang (张丽娜) Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology of the Ministry of Education Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 China School of Physics and Information Technology Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 China Cyclotron Institute Texas A&M University College Station Texas 77843 USA Laboratori Nazionali del Sud INFN via Santa Sofia 62 95123 Catania Italy Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China College of Physics and Electronics information Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities Tongliao 028000 China School of Physics Henan Normal University Xinxiang 453007 China Science and Technology on Reactor System Design Technology Laboratory Nuclear Power Institute of China Chengdu 610213 China School of Information Sciences and Engineering Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China

A deep learning based method with the convolutional neural network (CNN) algorithm for determining the impact parameters is developed by using constrained molecular-dynamics model simulations, focusing on the heavy-ion collisions at the low-intermediate incident energies from several tens to one hundred MeV/nucleon in which the emissions of heavy fragments with the charge numbers larger than three become crucial. To make the CNN applicable in the task of the impact-parameter determination at the present energy range, specific improvements are made in the input selection, the CNN construction, and the CNN training. It is demonstrated from the comparisons of the deep CNN method and the conventional methods with the impact-parameter-sensitive observables that the deep CNN method shows better performance for determining the impact parameters, especially leading to the capability of providing better recognition of the central collision events. With a proper consideration of the experimental filter effect in both training and testing processes to keep consistency with the actual experiments, the good performance of the deep CNN method holds and performs significantly better in terms of predicting the impact parameters and recognizing the central collision events compared with conventional methods, demonstrating the superiority of the present deep CNN method. The deep CNN method with the consideration of the filter effect is applied in the deduction of nuclear stopping power. Higher accuracy for the stopping power deduction is achieved benefitting from the better impact-parameter determination using the deep CNN method, compared with using conventional methods. This result reveals the importance of selecting a reliable impact-parameter-determination method in the experimental deduction of the nuclear stopping power as well as other observables.

关键词： Low & intermediate energy heavy-ion reactions Convolutional neural networks Machine learning Nuclear data analysis & compilation

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A transient and steady-state network model forannular-wick heat pipes in continuum flow pattern 27

A transient and steady-state network model forannular-wick h...

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27th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering: Nuclear Power Saves the World!, ICONE 2019

作者： Ma, Yugao Zhong, Ruicheng Zhang, Zhuohua Chai, Xiaoming Huang, Shanfang Yu, Hongxing Department of Engineering Physics Tsinghua University Beijing China Science and Technology on Reactor System Design Technology Laboratory Nuclear Power Institute of China Chengdu China Design Technology Laboratory Nuclear Power Institute of China Chengdu China

ISBN: (纸本)9784888983051

The heat pipe power system is a potential and near-term space nuclear power system. One of the essential techniques is the high-temperature heat pipe designs with high reliability and heat transfer capacity. In space reactor study, an annular heat pipe, with a liquid annulus between the wick and wall, was proposed to decrease the pressure losses for liquid metal returning and hence, raising the capillary limit of the heat pipes. In this work, a node-based network steady-state and transient model were developed for analyses of these new heat pipes and accuracy improvement in the continuum flow pattern. The model was validated against the experiments and numerical results in the literature. Moreover, the model was applied to calculate the high-temperature heat pipe for space nuclear power system. Preliminary results validate the model for predicting reasonably the thermal-hydraulic features. Copyright © 2018-2019 by JSME

关键词： Heat pipes

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The bending vibration characteristics of the hull grillage structure based on back propagation neural network

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Ocean Engineering 2025年 337卷

作者： Dongyan Shi Liang Yan Xiaofan Zhuang Qinlin Xie College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Harbin Engineering University Harbin 150001 People's Republic of China China Ship Design & Research Center Co. Ltd Qingdao 266520 People's Republic of China Science and Technology on Reactor System Design Technology Laboratory Nuclear Power Institute of China Chendu 610041 People's Republic of China

This study investigates the longitudinal bending vibration characteristics of hull grillage structures through a synergistic approach integrating wave propagation methodology and back propagation neural network. The spring oscillator coupled beam system is established as the equivalent physical model to represent the low-frequency bending vibration behaviour of the grillage structure. The governing equations for this coupled beam system with elastic boundary conditions are systematically derived using the wave propagation approach. Subsequently, the back propagation neural network is developed to predict the natural frequencies of longitudinal bending vibrations, effectively circumventing the requirement for constructing finite element models during preliminary frequency analysis. The bending vibration of the grillage structure is conducted using the proposed equivalent model, with validation performed through comparative analysis with finite element simulations and model experiments. The research further explores the effects of structural parameters on longitudinal bending vibration characteristics. The neural network-based prediction methodology demonstrates significant advantages in rapidly estimating natural frequencies. This integrated approach provides an efficient alternative for preliminary vibration assessment of grillage structures, demonstrating both theoretical validity and practical applicability through comprehensive validation.

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