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Unexpectedly High Salt Accumulation inside Carbon Nanotubes Soaked in Dilute Salt Solutions

Physical Review Letters 2018年第22期121卷 226102-226102页

作者： Xueliang Wang Guosheng Shi Shanshan Liang Jian Liu Deyuan Li Gang Fang Renduo Liu Long Yan Haiping Fang Center for Thorium Molten Salt Reactor System Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201800 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Division of Interfacial Water Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology and Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201800 China Shanghai Applied Radiation Institute and Department of Physics Shanghai University Shanghai 200444 China School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 China

We experimentally demonstrate the formation of salt aggregations with unexpectedly high concentration inside multiwalled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) soaked only in dilute salt solution sand even in solutions containing only traces of salts. This finding suggests the blocking of fluid across CNTs by the salt aggregations when CNTs are soaked in a dilute salt solution with the concentration of seawater or even lower, which may open new avenues for the development of novel CNT-based desalination techniques. The high salt accumulation of CNTs also provides a new CNT-based strategy for the collection or extraction of noble metal salts in solutions containing traces of noble metal salts. Theoretical analyses reveal that this high salt accumulation inside CNTs can be mainly attributed to the strong hydrated cation-π interactions of hydrated cations and π electrons in the aromatic rings of CNTs.

关键词： Chemical Physics & Physical Chemistry Physisorption Surface & interfacial phenomena

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Soft Robots: Fast‐Response, Stiffness‐Tunable Soft Actuator by Hybrid Multimaterial 3D Printing (Adv. Funct. Mater. 15/2019)

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Advanced Functional Materials 2019年第15期29卷

作者： Yuan‐Fang Zhang Ningbin Zhang Hardik Hingorani Ningyuan Ding Dong Wang Chao Yuan Biao Zhang Guoying Gu Qi Ge Digital Manufacturing and Design Centre Singapore University of Technology and Design Singapore 487372 Singapore Soft Robotics and Biodesign Lab Robotics Institute School of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China Science and Math Cluster Singapore University of Technology and Design Singapore 487372 Singapore

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On-Line Monitoring Method for Fatigue of Mechanical Structure Parts

On-Line Monitoring Method for Fatigue of Mechanical Structur...

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2017 2nd International Conference on Energy, Power and Electrical Engineering(EPEE 2017)

作者： Xi-qiang MA Fang YANG Yu-jun XUE Ji-shun LI Henan Key Laboratory for Machinery Design and Transmission System Henan University of Science and Technology School of Mechatronics Engineering Henan University of Science and Technology

Fatigue failure was a typical failure form of mechanical structure parts, elastic modulus drop was an important characteristic of structural material occur fatigue, so a new mechanical structure fatigue monitoring online method was proposed. Firstly, a test device that could impose cyclic load with adjustable frequency and amplitude on cantilever beams was designed;secondly, a stress measurement system based on Fiber Bragg Grating sensor to monitor structural state of fatigue was developed;thirdly, a method to calculations stress based on this system was described;finally, the online method was used in the elastic modulus drop.

关键词： Fiber Bragg grating sensor Fatigue monitoring Cyclic loading

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design and Analysis of All-electric Aircraft Nose Wheel Steering system Based on Intelligent Algorithm

Design and Analysis of All-electric Aircraft Nose Wheel Stee...

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2017 2nd International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechatronics Engineering(AMME 2017)

作者： Ming ZHANG Meng-jiao LENG Xin WU Key Laboratory of Fundamental Science for National Defense-Advanced Design Technology of Flight Vehicle Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics Aviation Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Aero Electromechanical System Integration

As all-electric aircraft has many advantages, aircraft nose wheel steering system would be developed to the all-electric direction. Aiming at the control demand of nose wheel steering system, based on the basic principles of nose wheel steering system and the design technique of mechanotronics, an all-electric aircraft nose wheel steering system composed of a nose wheel steering mechanism of two worm gear and a control servo system of fly-by-wire having both steering and anti-shimmy function is designed to meet the demand for operation control in nose wheel steering system. Besides, the fuzzy algorithm and BP neural network algorithm is applied to the control system to explore its algorithm. Then based on Matlab/Simulink and LMS/AMESim software, the united simulation model of the system with fuzzy PID controller is established to make the dynamic simulation analysis for the verification of its steering function, the research results indicate that the nose wheel steering system is reasonable and validated, can meet the requirements of the general project.

关键词： Mechanotronics design United simulation analysis Nose wheel steering system Landing gear

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The preliminary performance study of ATF with M3 fuel and Zr-4 cladding 24

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2016 24th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering, ICONE 2016

作者： Chunyu, Yin Teng, Tu Tang, Changbing Jiao, Yongjun Science and Technology on Reactor System Design Technology Laboratory Nuclear Power Institute of China ChengduSichuan China

ISBN: (纸本)9780791850015

Metal matrix microencapsulated (M3) fuel is one of the research directions on Accident Tolerant Fuel (ATF). In this article, it provides one of ATF design which consists of BISO (Bistructural ISOtropic) particles embedded in a zirconium alloy matrix, and the cladding coating with silicon carbon (SiC). The temperature distribution of the ATF element has been built, and then the center temperature has also been calculated based on the operation parameters of the large-scale pressurized-water reactor. Simultaneity, the several factors of fuel failure is preliminary analyzed and calculated, especially the pressure shell failure mechanism. Copyright © 2016 by ASME.

关键词： Metallic matrix composites

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Neutronic feasibility analysis of fully ceramic microencapsulated fuel for commercial PWRs

Neutronic feasibility analysis of fully ceramic microencapsu...

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Top Fuel 2016: LWR Fuels with Enhanced Safety and Performance

作者： Mancang, Li Dan, Wang Yingrui, Yu Dong, Qin Wenjie, Li Science and Technology on Reactor System Design Technology Laboratory Nuclear Power Institute of China Chengdu610041 China

ISBN: (纸本)9780894487309

The fully ceramic microencapsulated (FCM) fuel is based on tristructural isotropic (TRISO) coated particles embedded in silicon carbide (SiC) matrix, which is among the accident tolerant fuel concept options. With the strength of high fission product retention, the FCM fuel provides potential superior safety performance. Compared to the conventional standard UO2 fuel, the deficiency of FCM fuel is its considerable lower fissile inventory, which results in a reduced reactor power or/and life. Supposing the FCM fuel is used as direct replacement of the fuel in commercial PWRs, the spectrum is softened due to the usage of SiC as matrix, and the moderator temperature coefficient is possible to be positive at the beginning of life, leading to high risk during operation. A neutronic feasibility study of FCM fuel utilized in commercial PWRs is performed in the paper. The fuel enrichment and undermoderated lattice are evaluated by analyzing the typical TRISO particle with UO2 kernels which is widely used in high temperature gas reactors and that with enlarged UN fuel kernels. It was found that under the mandatory constraint of low enriched uranium, the FCM fuel with UO2 kernels, although relatively mature, is only capable of small reactor designs, and the assembly lattice needs to be modified. The FCM fuel with UN kernels, when directly loading in the commercial PWRs, can yield comparable reactor power and life;however, a higher fuel enrichment and the fuel design and fabrication need to be optimized.

关键词： Silicon carbide

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Scaling analysis and SE simulation of the tilted cylinder-interface capillary interaction

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IOP Conference Series: Materials science and Engineering 2018年第1期372卷

作者： S Q Gao X Y Zhang Y H Zhou National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Reactor System Design Technology Nuclear Power Institute of China Chengdu 610041 China Department of Mechanics and Engineering Sciences College of Civil Engineering and Mechanics Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China

The capillary interaction induced by a tilted cylinder and interface is the basic configuration of many complex systems, such as micro-pillar arrays clustering, super-hydrophobicity of hairy surface, water-walking insects, and fiber aggregation. We systematically analyzed the scaling laws of tilt angle, contact angle, and cylinder radius on the contact line shape by SE simulation and experiment. The following in-depth analysis of the characteristic parameters (shift, stretch and distortion) of the deformed contact lines reveals the self-similar shape of contact line. Then a general capillary force scaling law is proposed to incredibly grasp all the simulated and experimental data by a quite straightforward ellipse approximation approach.

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Bottom Reflooding Experiments in a Thin Rectangular Channel

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Energy Procedia 2017年 127卷 335-342页

作者： Wei Xu Jun Yao Jianye Ji Xiaojing Liu Xu Cheng Wei Zeng Hongxing Yu School of Nuclear Science and Engineering Shang Hai Jiao Tong University 800 Dong Chuan Road Shanghai 200240 P.R.China Science and Technology on Reactor System Design Technology Laboratory Nuclear Power Institute of China Cheng Du 610041 P.R.China

Experiments were carried out to study the thermal hydraulic behaviors in a narrow rectangular channel under bottom reflooding conditions. The channel is formed between a stainless steel heating plate and a transparent heatproof glass and dimensions of the channel are 600 mm in height, 60 mm in width and 4 mm of gap thickness. All the parameters (such as initial wall temperature, inlet velocity and systematic pressure) affect the heat transfer features during quenching process. The experimental results illustrate that for a given initial surface temperature, rewetting velocity increases with the increasing flow rate and increasing systematic pressure, while it decreases with the increasing initial surface temperature. With different flow rate and system pressure, the rewetting temperature is almost the same, but it varies when initial surface temperature is different.

关键词： Bottom reflooding Rectangular channel Heat tranfer

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Investigation on contact angle of ball bearings

Investigation on contact angle of ball bearings

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作者： Wang, Fengtao Jing, Minqing Fan, Hongwei Wei, Yaobing Zhao, Yang Liu, Heng State Key Lab for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures Xi'An Jiaotong University Xi'an China Key Laboratory of Education Ministry for Modern Design and Rotor-Bearing System Xi'An Jiaotong University No. 28Xianning West Road Xi'an Shaanxi710049 China School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Lanzhou University of Technology Lanzhou China School of Mechanical Engineering Xi'An University of Science and Technology Xi'an China

As an important structure parameter, contact angle is also a judgement factor for the working performance of ball bearings. However, under some conditions, the ball may roll over the raceway shoulder, and contact angle is not enough for estimating this phenomenon. Thus, edge angle and edge distance are proposed as compensatory judgement factors in the current study. A six-degree dynamic model with time-varying contact stiffness was developed for investigating effects of initial contact angle, raceway groove curvature factors, number of balls, axial load, shaft speed, friction coefficient and raceway misalignment on contact angle, contact stiffness, edge angle and edge distance. Inapposite initial contact angle may make the ball roller over the raceway shoulder, inner raceway misalignment have significant influences on the stable motion of ball bearings, and more harmonics frequencies about contact angle appear. Comparison of contact angle from presented model with Jones-Harris model under axial load shows reasonable qualitative agreement. © IMechE 2016.

关键词： Contact angle

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Unexpectedly high salt accumulation inside carbon nanotubes soaked in very dilute salt solutions

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2018年

作者： Wang, Xueliang Shi, Guosheng Liang, Shanshan Liu, Jian Li, Deyuan Fang, Gang Liu, Renduo Yan, Long Fang, Haiping Center for Thorium Molten Salt Reactor System Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai201800 China Division of Interfacial Water Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology and Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai201800 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China Shanghai Applied Radiation Institute Department of Physics Shanghai University Shanghai200444 China School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai201210 China

We experimentally demonstrate the formation of salt aggregations with unexpectedly high concentration inside multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) soaked only in dilute salt solutions and even in solutions containing only traces of salts. This finding suggests the blocking of fluid across CNTs by the salt aggregations when CNTs are soaked in a dilute salt solution with the concentration of seawater or even lower, which may open new avenues for the development of novel CNT-based desalination techniques. The high salt accumulation of CNTs also provides a new CNT-based strategy for the collection/extraction of noble metal salts in solutions containing traces of noble metal salts. Theoretical analyses reveal that this high salt accumulation inside CNTs can be mainly attributed to the strong hydrated cation–π interactions of hydrated cations and π electrons in the aromatic rings of CNTs. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Hydration

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