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SSRN 2023年

作者： Chen, Gongning Liang, Zihao Liang, Yanpeng Zhou, Zijian Lu, Yuxi Li, Huawei Zeng, Honghu College of Environmental Science and Engineering Guilin University of Technology Guilin541004 China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology Guilin University of Technology Guilin541004 China Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety in Karst Areas Guilin University of Technology Guilin541004 China

Cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) have become the focus and difficulty of inorganic pollution control in rice fields due to their opposite chemical properties, distinct geochemical behavior and wide distribution. Field experiments were performed to thoroughly evaluate the performance and mechanism of the two carbon-iron compositesin(ZVI-biochar and ZVI-peat) mitigating the bioavailability of soil Cd and As. The results indicated that the mitigating performance for Cd bioavailability decreased as follows: ZVI-biochar > ZVI-peat > biochar > wood peat > ZVI, and the mitigating performance for As bioavailability was in the order of ZVI-peat > ZVI-biochar > ZVI;Biochar and wood peat enhanced the bioavailability of soil As. The two Carbon-iron composites signifificantly decreased Cd(65.6-81.6%) and As(at least 32%) concentration in soil solution and bioavailable soil Cd and As forms compared with the control. Both ZVI-biochar and ZVI-peat resulted in a more than 42% reduction for grain Cd and 33.8% reduction for grain As. The two carbon-iron composites demonstrated synergistic effects of carbon materials and ZVI by facilitating the transformation Cd and As from bioavailable fractions to immobilized fractions, which was attribute to carbon materials’ electrical conductivity that lead to rapid corrosion of ZVI and generation of amorphous iron oxyhydroxides and iron-based ternary complexes. Nevertheless, the two carbon-iron composites achieved a higher soil pH, CEC and the formation of iron plaque in rice rhizosphere than single carbon materials or ZVI treatments, thus showed superior immobilization performance. In addition, the two carbon-iron composites significantly enhanced the Fe availability and promoted Fe uptake in rice tissues, which inhibited the Cd/As transported from rice roots to grains and mitigated Cd/As uptake in rice grains. Therefore, the two carbon-iron composites showed great potential toward sustainability in situ synchronous amelioration and safe utilizatio

关键词： Cadmium

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Chemical Characteristics of Air Pollution with Significant Emission Changes During 2019-2021 in a Typical Industrial City of Eastern China

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Huang, Xiangpeng Li, Changping Pan, Chao Li, Yue'e Zheng, Wei Lin, Guangwu Li, Haiwei Zhang, Yunjiang Wang, Junfeng Lei, Yali Ge, Xinlei Ye, Jianhuai Zhang, Hongliang Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention Fudan University Shanghai200438 China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology School of Environmental Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing210044 China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518055 China Suzhou Environmental Monitoring Center Suzhou215011 China China Energy Science and Technology Research Institute Co. Ltd. Nanjing210023 China Key Lab of Geographic Information Science of The Ministry of Education School of Geographic Sciences East China Normal University Shanghai200241 China Shanghai200062 China IRDR ICoE on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather Climate Extremes Impact and Public Health Fudan University Shanghai200241 China

Restrictions on emission controls were implemented in China to cope with the outbreak of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), providing a chance to study the impacts of anthropogenic emissions on air quality. Subsequently, three-year measurements of PM2.5 chemical composition and light absorption were conducted in a typical megacity (Suzhou) of the Yangtze River Delta in China from 2019 to 2021. Overall, the annual observation period is divided into four stages: Normal Days, Chinese New Year, Lockdown, and Work Resumption. Our results show that the concentrations of chemical species (such as NO3-, SO42-, OC, EC) in PM2.5 and other gas species, including SO2, NO2, and CO from 2019 to 2021 decreased gradually, which were associated with emission reduction. During the four stages, the COVID-19 lockdown period had the lowest concentration of BC and PM2.5, indicating that strict emission control could significantly improve the air quality. The significant increase of O3 during the COVID-19 lockdown period is likely due to the reduced emission of NO from the traffic, which could weaken the effect of NO on O3 formation. The Normal Days in 2020 has the highest mass loadings of SO42-, NO3-, NH4+, OC, and EC, while the mass concentrations of SO42-, NO3-, NH4+, Cl-, and Na+ in the Lockdown were the lowest. Meanwhile, the aerosol light absorption has decreased yearly, and the significant decreases in light absorption were observed during the COVID-19 lockdown when compared to other stages. The highest frequency of Absorption Ångström exponent (AAE) ranges from 1.3 to 1.4, indicating that brown carbon played critical contributions to the light absorption. The mass concentration and fraction of fuel fossil were significantly higher than that of biomass burning during the whole campaign. The remarkable decline of fuel fossil during the COVID-19 lockdown can be attributed to the closure of factories and the reduction of vehicle emissions. The potential contribution source funct

关键词： COVID-19

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Proximal and remote sensing in plant phenomics: 20 years of progress, challenges, and perspectives

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Plant Communications 2022年第6期3卷 135-173页

作者： Haiyu Tao Shan Xu Yongchao Tian Zhaofeng Li Yan Ge Jiaoping Zhang Yu Wang Guodong Zhou Xiong Deng Ze Zhang Yanfeng Ding Dong Jiang Qinghua Guo Shichao Jin Plant Phenomics Research Centre Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary StudiesNational Engineering and Technology Center for Information AgricultureCollaborative Innovation Centre for Modern Crop Production co-sponsored by Province and MinistryNanjing Agricultural UniversityAddress:No.1 WeigangXuanwu DistrictNanjing 210095China The Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-agriculture Xinjiang Production and Construction CorpsAgriculture CollegeShihezi UniversityShihezi 832003China Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory Sanya 572025China State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement National Center for Soybean ImprovementKey Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean(GeneralMinistry of Agriculture)Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China Sanya Research Institute of Nanjing Agriculture University Sanya 572024China Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China Institute of Ecology College of Urban and Environmental SciencePeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science and Technology International Institute for Earth System SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210023China

Plant phenomics(PP)has been recognized as a bottleneck in studying the interactions of genomics and environment on plants,limiting the progress of smart breeding and precise ***-throughput plant phenotyping is challenging owing to the spatio-temporal dynamics of *** and remote sensing(PRS)techniques are increasingly used for plant phenotyping because of their advantages in multi-dimensional data acquisition and *** progress of PRS applications in PP has been observed over the last two decades and is analyzed here from an interdisciplinary perspective based on 2972 *** progress covers most aspects of PRS application in PP,including patterns of global spatial distribution and temporal dynamics,specific PRS technologies,phenotypic research fields,working environments,species,and ***,we demonstrate how to link PRS to multi-omics studies,including how to achieve multi-dimensional PRS data acquisition and processing,how to systematically integrate all kinds of phenotypic information and derive phenotypic knowledge with biological significance,and how to link PP to multi-omics association ***,we identify three future perspectives for PRS-based PP:(1)strengthening the spatial and temporal consistency of PRS data,(2)exploring novel phenotypic traits,and(3)facilitating multi-omics communication.

关键词： plant phenomics remote sensing phenotyping phenotypic traits multi-omics breeding precision cultivation

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Rational Design of High-Performance Continuous Flow Catalytic Membrane Reactor Based on Poly(4-Vinylpyridine) Brush-Anchored AU Nanoparticles

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Zhang, Qiang Hong, Mei Wang, Bingyu Xu, Xiaoling Bin, Peng Zhang, Jingyu Key Laboratory of New Membrane Materials Ministry of Industry and Information Technology School of Environmental and Biological Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing210094 China Institute of Polymer Ecomaterials School of Environmental and Biological Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing210094 China

The catalytic membrane reactor (CMR) is recognized as one of the most effective strategies to treat the organic wastewater system. Yet so far, inefficiency, lack of bactericidal ability, and serious membrane fouling have limited its further application. In this study, we designed a novel polyacrylonitrile (PAN) catalytic separation membrane loaded with gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) via a facile photopolymerization method. The Au NPs on the catalytic separation membrane (PAN-Au) surface can serve as a high-performance catalyst, and the ligand of the 4-vinylpyridine (4VP) acts as an efficient protecting ligand for Au NPs to avoid leakage and agglomeration. The PAN-Au membrane was applied to CMR, which can one-step catalytic separation of nitrophenols and MB efficiently in a flow-through mode (up to ˃ 97.5% over multiple cycles of reuse). Even after contamination with organic dyes, the PAN-Au membrane can still recover the catalytic separation performance by self-cleaning. Moreover, a remarkable antibacterial (with an efficiency of ≈100%) activity of the PAN-Au membrane, with a strong correlation with the small-sized and well-distributed Au NPs loaded on the membrane surface. The tremendous catalytical, self-cleaning, and antibacterial performance of the PAN-Au membrane provides new insights for the rational design of flow CMR for industrial applications. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Gold nanoparticles

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Biophysical impact of forest age changes on land surface temperature in China

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science of the Total Environment 2025年 964卷 178445页

作者： Zhang, Zhijiang Wang, Lunche Chen, Chao Zhang, Xiang Ding, Chao Yuan, Moxi Shen, Lixing Li, Xinxin School of Geography Science and Geomatics Engineering Suzhou University of Science and Technology Suzhou215009 China Suzhou Key Laboratory of Spatial Information Intelligent Technology and Application Suzhou University of Science and Technology Suzhou215009 China School of Geography and Information Engineering China University of Geosciences Wuhan430074 China Department of Geographic Science Faculty of Arts and Sciences Beijing Normal University Zhuhai519087 China School of Public Administration and Human Geography Hunan University of Technology and Business Changsha410205 China School of Atmospheric Science and Remote Sensing Wuxi University Wuxi214105 China School of Resource and Environmental Science Wuhan University Wuhan430079 China

Forest age structures have been substantially affected by natural disturbances and anthropogenic activities worldwide. Their changes can significantly influence local and nonlocal climate through both the biogeochemical and biophysical processes. However, numerous studies have focused on the biogeochemical effect of forest age changes whereas the biophysical effect has received far less attention. Here we investigated how forest age changes influence land surface temperature (LST) by comparing older forests and adjacent younger forests pixels and unraveled underlying biophysical mechanisms using satellite observations over China during 2003–2012. Our study showed that older forests had a substantial annual cooling benefit than adjacent medium-aged and young forests. Attribution analysis indicated that the cooling effect of latent heat flux counteracted the albedo-induced warming effect, leading to the net cooling effect of older evergreen needle-leaved forest or evergreen broadleaved forest. Furthermore, the cooling effect of sensible heat flux is greater than the albedo-driven warming effect, contributing to the net cooling effect of older deciduous broadleaved forest. Our work is a step forward to underscore the potential of preserving mature forests as a local climate adaptation strategy and provides important parameterization foundation for earth system models without incorporation of forest age modules. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Land surface temperature

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Machine Learning-Assisted Three-Dimensional Sensing Array for Simultaneous Discrimination and Quantification of Hypochlorite and Hydroxyl Radicals

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Li, Xin Yu, Long Su, Pengchen Lu, Yunfei Zhang, Qiang Wang, Lingxiao Sun, Mingtai Yuan, Chao Qiu, Bing Wang, Suhua Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Pollution Process and Control School of Environmental Science and Engineering Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology Guangdong Maoming525000 China MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental System Optimization College of Environmental Science and Engineering North China Electric Power University Beijing102206 China School of Materials Science and Technology China University of Geosciences Beijing100083 China

Herein, we reported a new molecular fluorescent probe and employed machine learning methods to develop a three-dimensional sensor array for the simultaneous and rapid identification of hypochlorite and hydroxyl radical with one fluorescent probe, on the basis of its responsive differentiation of spectroscopic properties including fluorescence and UV-vis absorption. The raw array signals were first transformed into a synthetic index by principal component analysis (PCA) for the selective quantitative analysis of hypochlorite and the identification of hydroxyl radicals. Then, hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) and density clustering analysis (DCA) were used to establish a classifier to correlate the data structure and similarity between various samples. This method quickly grouped different concentrations of hypochlorite, and accurately identified hypochlorite and hydroxyl radical. Finally, by comparing the three-dimensional fluorescence differential spectroscopic data of five kinds of reactive oxygen species, the specific changes of hypochlorite and hydroxyl radical were apparently observed and distinguished from other reactive oxygen species. The method opens up a new way for the accurate identification of environmental pollutants with highly similar properties. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Principal component analysis

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Iron-Carbon Substrates Enhance Treatment of Reclaimed Water in Vertical Up-Flow Constructed Wetland

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Liao, Yating Qiu, Bin Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution College of Environmental Science and Engineering Beijing Forestry University Beijing100083 China

Reclaimed water from wastewater treatment plant needs further removal of nitrogen and phosphorus before being discharged to water bodies. In this work, the iron-carbon (Fe-C) micro-electrolysis and plant-based carbon source (pine bark) were used to enhance the nutrients removal performance of vertical up-flow CWs treating reclaimed water. Results showed that Fe-C substrates increased NO3-N removal efficiency by 35%, TN by 25%, and TP by 35% in CWs. The addition of pine bark to Fe-C CWs significantly contributed to TP removal (P © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Electrolysis

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Removal of Mercury(Hg(Ⅱ)) from Seaweed Extracts by Electrodialysis and Process Optimization Using Response Surface Methodology

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2020年第1期19卷 135-142页

作者： SUN Jiuyi SU Xin LIU Zhen LIU Junlan MA Zhun SUN Yongchao GAO Xueli GAO Jun College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266590China Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China

In this work,response surface methodology(RSM)was employed to model and optimize electrodialysis process for mercury(Hg(II))removal from seaweed ***-Behnken design(BBD)was utilized to evaluate the effects and the interaction of influential variables such as operating voltage,influent flow rate,initial concentration of Hg(II)on the removal rate of Hg(II).The developed regression model for removal rate response was validated by analysis of variance,and presented a good agreement of the experimental data with the quadratic equation with high value coefficient of determination value(R2=0.9913,RAdj 2=0.9678).The optimum operating parameters were determined as 7.17V operating voltage,72.54L h−1 influent flow rate and 5.04mgL−1 initial concentration of ***(II)removal rate of 76.45%was acquired under the optimum conditions,which showed good agreement with model-predicted(75.81%)*** results revealed that electrodialysis can be considered as a promising strategy for removal of Hg(II)from seaweed extracts.

关键词： electrodialysis seaweed extracts mercury removal response surface methodology Box-Behnken design

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Temperature Dependence of Volatile Organic Compound Emissions from Surface Coatings: Inter-Species Difference Observed in Real Indoor Environments and Mechanistic Understanding

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Qiu, Jia Xie, Di Li, Yatai Qu, Yuekun Liu, Ying Zhu, Tong Xiong, Jianyin Liu, Yingjun Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control College of Environmental Science and Engineering Peking University Beijing100871 China School of Mechanical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing100081 China

Coatings often cover two-thirds of the surfaces in indoor environments and represent important sources of indoor volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Temperature is known to affect VOC emission rates from coatings, yet inter-species difference in the temperature dependence still needs to be understood. Based on time-resolved VOC measurements in an indoor air campaign conducted in residences in Beijing, China, we identified dibasic ester (DBE), a solvent mixture often used in coatings, and found that the concentration ratios of DBE components exhibited strong temperature dependence in an apartment when the indoor temperature declined stepwise over a multiweek period. To interpret the observational results, we developed a simplified mechanistic model relating the temperature dependence of VOC emission rates from coated surfaces to the temperature dependence of the diffusion coefficient of the emitted VOCs in the coating layer and further to a predicable molecular property of the emitted VOCs, molar volumes at 0 K, based on the free-volume theory. This correlation was quantitatively verified using the DBE data as well as using the data of alkanes, another set of VOCs that might be emitted from coatings, observed in two apartments in the same campaign. Given that indoor temperature varies considerably over seasons and across regions, the correlation proposed herein may help better predict indoor VOC emissions from coatings. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Volatile organic compounds

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lon migration suppression mechanism via 4-sulfobenzoic acid monopotassium salt for 22.7%stable perovskite solar cells

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science China Materials 2022年第12期65卷 3368-3381页

作者： Le Bai Fang Yao Rui Wang Baibai Liu Dongmei He Qian Zhou Wenqi Wang Cunyun Xu Xiaobo Hu Shaoqiang Chen Qunliang Song Tingwei Zhou Donghwa Lee Pengjun Zhao Cong Chen Hua Yang Qianqian Lin Zhigang Zang Jiangzhao Chen Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology&Systems(Ministry of Education) College of Optoelectronic EngineeringChongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China Key Lab of Artificial Micro-and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education of China School of Physics and TechnologyWuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China Department of Electronic Engineering East China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China Institute for Clean Energy and Advanced Materials School of Materials and EnergySouthwest UniversityChongqing 400715China School of Physical Science and Technology Southwest UniversityChongqing 400715China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)Pohang 37673Korea Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China School of Material Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical EquipmentHebei University of TechnologyTianjin 300130China Spallation Neutron Source Science Center Institute of High Energy PhysicsUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Dongguan 523803China

The deep-level traps at grain boundaries(GBs)and halide ion migration are quite challenging for further enhancement of the stability and efficiency of perovskite solar cells(PSCs)as well as for the elimination of notorious ***,we report a large-sized strongly coordinated organic anion GB anchoring strategy for suppressing ion migration and passivating defects in planar *** practical implementation of this strategy involves the incorporation of potassium salts containing a large-sized organic counter anion(4-sulfobenzoic acid monopotassium salt,SAMS)into the perovskite *** has been found that anions within SAMS can be firmly anchored at GBs due to the strong coordination interaction between C=O and/or S=O at both ends of bulky anion and undercoordinated Pb^(2+)and/or halide vacancies,along with the hydrogen bond between–OH and *** can not only passivate shallowlevel defects but also cause more effective passivation of the deep-level *** GB manipulation strategy results in a reduced defect density,an increased carrier lifetime as well as suppressed ion migration,which in turn contributed to enhanced efficiency and stability of PSCs together with a thorough elimination of *** a result,the SAMSmodified device with an outstanding fill factor of 0.84 delivers a significant improvement in efficiency(22.7%)in comparison with the control device(20.3%).The unencapsulated modified device demonstrates only little degradation after 1320 h at 60℃.

关键词： perovskite solar cells ion migration suppression defect passivation large-sized organic anions potassium cations

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