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SSRN 2024年

作者： Liu, Yan Zhong, Zhengxiang Liang, Cuiyuan Wang, Fanyu Xu, Hongbo Wan, Ye Ma, Xinzhi Tian, Gongwei Qi, Dianpeng MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis Transformation and Separation of Extreme Environmental Nutrients School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin150001 China Key Laboratory of Science and Engineering for the Multi-modal Prevention and Control of Major Chronic Diseases Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Zhengzhou Research Institute Harbin Institute of Technology Zhengzhou450000 China China Silicon Coporation Ltd. China ENFI Engineering Coporation Ltd Luoyang471003 China Key Experiment of Optoelectronic Bandgap Materials Ministry of Education Harbin Normal University Harbin150500 China

Owing to the good sensitivity and simple fabrication process, flexible piezoresistive pressure sensors based on aerogels shows great applications in soft robotics, bioelectronics and so on. However, the poor compressibility and stability of the aerogel is still challenging the development of aerogel based flexible piezoresistive pressure sensors, simultaneously, it is urgent to pave a way to enhance the sensitivity of these sensors. Here, for the first time, we propose a universal strategy to prepare aerogel skeleton-elastomer shell hybrid porous material with enhanced compressibility for high-sensitive and stable flexible pressure sensors. We found that the elastomer shell disperses the strain in the aerogel skeleton and enhances the compressibility of the aerogel, which improve the stability of the sensor (10000 cycles of compression). More importantly, there are elastomer micro-blocks formed in the hybrid material, these micro-blocks redistribute the strain in the material which contributes to the high sensitivity (10.25 kPa-1) of the sensors. Furthermore, the sensors are successful in monitoring both of the large joint bending and subtle skin vibration, as well as remote controlling toy car and artificial hand. This work provides an effective and universal strategy to enhance the sensitivity and stability of the aerogel based flexible pressure sensors and promotes their development towards practical applications. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Aerogels

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Heating Characteristics and Economic Analysis of a Controllable On-Demand Heating System Based on Off-Peak Electricity Energy Storage

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Journal of Thermal science 2020年第2期29卷 343-351页

作者： YIN Shaowu SHI Yongle TONG Lige LIU Chuanping WANG Li DING Yulong School of Energy and Environmental Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Saving and Emission Reduction in Metallurgical Industry University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China College of Chemical Engineering University of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUK

The working principle of a controllable on-demand heating system based on off-peak electricity energy storage(COHSBOEES) is as follows: the cheap off-peak electricity energy is converted into heat energy for storage in the evening, and the heat energy can be extracted on demand for heating during daytime peak or flat electricity periods. This technology can promote the smooth operation of the power grid, solve the problem of peak regulation for the electrical network, and promote renewable energy consumption. Based on the controllable on-demand heating strategy, a COHSBOEES for a heating area of 1000 m^2 was designed and built. Variations in the energy consumption and operating cost of the COHSBOEES in different heating situations were analyzed. The results showed that, off-peak electricity energy storage for heating was energy saving in comparison with central heating when the heating intensity of the COHSBOEES was 70 W/m^2 and the on-demand heating rate was less than 73.0%, and the off-peak electricity energy storage for heating was energy saving at any on-demand heating rate when the COHSBOEES had a heating intensity of 50 W/m^2. After the COHSBOEES has been running for three complete heating seasons, when the off-peak electricity price was 0.25 yuan/kW·h, the energy consumption cost of the COHSBOEES can be saved by 77.6% in comparison with central heating.

关键词： energy storage on-demand heating off-peak electricity heating characteristics heat storage characteristics

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Regulation of Soil Carbon Fractions by Microbial C Degradation Genes Under Long-Term Crop Rotation in the Loess Plateau

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Liu, Rui Liu, Yang Wen, Mengmeng Guo, Tianqi Zhang, Shaohong Zhao, Fazhu Wang, Jun State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau Institute of Soil and Water Conservation Chinese Academy of Sciences Ministry of Water Resources Yangling712100 China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity College of Urban and Environmental Science Northwest University Xi’an710127 China Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Carbon Neutral Technology Northwest University Xi’an710127 China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Dezhou University Dezhou253023 China

AbstractLong-term diversified crop rotations are known to alter soil carbon fractions, but the mechanisms through which soil microbial functional genes and associated communities regulate carbon fractions remain unclear. The present study examined impacts of long-term crop rotational regimes on soil carbon fractions, soil microbial carbon degradation genes, and associated communities in the Loess Plateau. Crop rotation involving corn and alfalfa-potato significantly enhanced soil carbon fractions including soil organic carbon, particulate organic carbon, potential carbon mineralization, and microbial biomass carbon. Soil total nitrogen and bulk density were identified as primary regulators of soil microbial carbon degradation genes and associated communities. Soil carbon degradation genes and microbial diversity were positively correlated with soil carbon fractions. Moreover, lignin and cellulose degradation functional genes including ligB and bglX play a key role in the formation of soil carbon fractions. This research sheds light on the vital role of long-term crop rotation in regulating soil carbon fractions by impacting soil microbial functional genes and associated communities. The findings provide valuable insights for enhancing sustainable agricultural practices and soil management strategies. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Crop rotation

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A review on thermal application of metal foam

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science China(Technological sciences) 2020年第12期63卷 2469-2490页

作者： CHEN Kang GUO LieJin WANG Hui State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China Institute of Solar Engineering Technology Northwest Engineering Corporation LimitedPowerChinaXi’an 710065China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Donghua UniversityShanghai 201620China

Heat exchangers embedded with metal foam are drawing increasing attention in the thermal application field,due to the performance of low density,large ratio of surface area to volume as well as high thermal conductivity. In these applications,compact heat exchanger,solar thermal facilities and thermal energy storage are the three core components. This paper focuses on the lasted advances in thermal applications,presenting a review of theoretical and experimental progress over metal foam in thermal application. The empirical and theoretical models for pressure drop,heat transfer coefficient and performance evaluation criteria of compact heat exchangers with metal foam are reviewed and discussed,especially different optimized *** is a trade-off between heat transfer enhancement and increase of pressure drop. Some exploratory work performed by present authors are also introduced. The manufacturing,heat transfer and flow characteristics of tube bundle wrapped with metal foam are taken into account for optimization of heat exchanger. It is confirmed that the conversion mechanism of heat transfer is carried out that heat conduction is the dominative term at high dimension permeability. The correlations of heat transfer rate and pressure drop for staggered and single row tube bundle wrapped with metal foam are concluded,respectively. The effects of different bonding methods are revealed for point-contact in metal foam and base tube. The powder-sintering method can provide a stable and minimum-thickness bonding layer. Various types of solar thermal facilities utilized metal foam to improve the energy conversion efficiency from solar radiant energy to thermal energy are also reviewed and discussed,including solar collector for intermediate-low temperature utilization and solar receiver for high temperature utilization. The Last but not least,existing and future metal foam thermal application stations are overviewed.

关键词： metal foam heat transfer enhancement solar thermal facilities thermal energy storage

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Energy Conversion and Stress Distribution During Impacts of Hyperelastic Spheres on Water and Rigid Surfaces

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Yang, Liu Wei, Yingjie Rao, Zhonghao Kang, Huifeng School of Energy and Environmental Engineering Hebei University of Technology Tianjin300401 China Hebei Key Laboratory of Thermal Science and Energy Clean Utilization Hebei University of Technology Tianjin300401 China School of Astronautics Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin150001 China Key Laboratory of Micro Spacecraft Technology of Hebei Province North China Institute of Aerospace Engineering Langfang065000 China Key Laboratory of Trans-media Aerial Underwater Vehicle of Hebei Province North China Institute of Aerospace Engineering Langfang065000 China

Water entry in the aerospace field is facing great challenges for impact overload and water resistance. This paper aims to assess the impact responses of hyperelastic materials with the potential to effectively reduce loads and drag during water impacts. Over a single deformation cycle, the mechanisms of energy conversion and stress distribution induced by the deformation behaviors of hyperelastic spheres impacting rigid and water surfaces are investigated using experimental and numerical methods. By comparing the impact events of rigid spheres, the impact resistance of the hyperelastic spheres is evaluated by analyzing the elastic waves propagating. The results show that the energy loss into the fluid is responsible for more kinetic energy loss during the water impact of hyperelastic spheres. The drag reduction effect of hyperelastic spheres depends on the deformation behaviors during water entry. Additionally, an analysis is conducted on the strain energy density of hyperelastic spheres during the first deformation cycle. The initial change in kinetic energy is studied as a function of the dimensionless ratio of material shear modulus to impact hydrodynamic pressure. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Spheres

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Super Stable Selenium Nickel-Iron Electrocatalyst for Oxygen Evolution Reaction in Natural Seawater

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Wang, Jue Li, Zhi Feng, Libei Lu, Dachun Fang, LiWei Zhang, Qinfang Hedman, Daniel Tong, Shengfu Key Laboratory for Advanced Technology in Environmental Protection of Jiangsu Province School of Materials Science and Engineering Yancheng Institute of Technology Jiangsu Yancheng224051 China Ulsan44919 Korea Republic of Department of Sustainable Energy Materials and Sciences Jinhua Advanced Research Institute Zhejiang Jinhua321013 China

Efficient and stable catalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in seawater presents a major challenge for hydrogen production through water electrolysis. In this work, we present an ultra-stable NiFe foam catalyst with a Se-doped Ni/Fe oxide surface prepared through a combination of chemical vapor deposition and electrochemical exfoliation. This method effectively modifies the surface of the commercial NiFe foam to a rough and stable Se-doped Ni/Fe oxide surface, displaying exceptional OER performance in both freshwater and seawater with more than 54 days stability. Experimental characterization and density functional theory calculations reveal that high concentration of NiSe on the surface, with subsurface layers consisting of Ni alloyed with a moderate concentration of Fe, optimizes the adsorption free energy of oxygen-containing intermediates. Our results demonstrate a surface engineering approach to activate NiFe foam as a robust OER catalyst for seawater electrolysis, which is beneficial for the hydrogen economy and for the environment. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Chemical vapor deposition

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engineering Mesoporous Nascent Mno2 Colloids for Efficient Elimination of Emerging Organic Contaminants

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Liu, Zhuoyue Cheng, Dong Yin, Haochen Zhao, Jianghao Zhang, Jiale Chen, Rongzhi Yang, Shengjiong Wei, Jing Wang, Gen School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology Xi’an710055 China The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering Ministry of Education State Key Lab of Transducer Technology School of Life Science and Technology Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China

Nascent MnO2 colloids produced during permanganate oxidation process is highly oxidative and appealing for the oxidation of emerging organic contaminants (EOCs). However, the nascent MnO2 colloids usually show dense bulked structure which blocks the availability of the active sites and further enhancement of the reactivity. Herein, spherical nascent MnO2 colloids with mesoporous structure were synthesized via redox reactions between colloidal nanospheres of plant polyphenol (e.g., tannic acid) and permanganate. The mesoporous nascent MnO2 colloids shows highly exposure of active sites with abundant of surface-Mn (III) (16.2 mol%), and thus exhibits outstanding oxidation performance towards the oxidation of EOCs. Complete removal of bis-phenol A (BPA, 10 mg/L) was obtained with 1.0 mM of mesoporous nascent MnO2 colloids in 40 min at neutral pH. Mechanism study reveals that both Mn(III) and Mn(IV) contribute to the oxidation of BPA. The presence of surface-Mn(III) greatly promotes the reactivity of the mesoporous nascent MnO2 colloids, leading to a high kinetic of 0.12 min−1 during the initial 10 min. The nascent mesoporous MnO2 colloids exhibits high selectivity toward electron rich EOCs and good performance in complicated water matrix, revealing a promising potential for further application. This work provides a distinct case for engineering novel structured nascent MnO2 colloids for efficient elimination of EOCs in water. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Oxidation

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Uv Light Irradiation Enhanced Ga Doped Zno Gas Sensor for Ultra-High Response to N-Butanol

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Wang, Tingzhan Chen, Jingkun Chen, Jiaxuan Yao, Xuan Chen, Gang Jiao, Zheng Zhao, Jing-Tai Cheng, Shuai Yang, Xue-Chun Li, Qianli School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Shanghai University Shanghai200444 China School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai University Shanghai200444 China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials Guilin University of Electronic Technology Guilin541004 China

The n-butanol gas sensor suffers from low response and selectivity. Photo-activation is a promising approach to enhance the response signal of ZnO-based sensor. Herein, we synthesized the Ga-doped ZnO (ZOG) sensor by one-step hydrothermal treatment and subsequent calcination. The oxygen vacancies content in 1-ZOG has increased by 46% compared to pure ZnO. Rich oxygen vacancies can increase the response signal of 1-ZOG to 174.78 in darkness for 100 ppm n-butanol, which is 2.4 times that of ZnO. Furthermore, under UV irradiation, the response of 1-ZOG sensor to 100 ppm n-butanol is 3.6 times that of pure ZnO, up to 636.81. The response signal of 1-ZOG to n-butanol is at least 6.32 times that of other gases under UV light, showing ultra-high selectivity. This study provides a novel strategy for the design of highly response and selectivity photo-activation gas sensors. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Zinc oxide

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Synergical Effects of Nb and Sio2 on Enhanced No Elimination and Sulfur Resistance of Fe2o3-Scr Catalyst

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Zhao, Wenrui Li, Lulu Ji, Jiawei Jiang, Peiting Zou, Weixin College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and Technology Zhenjiang212000 China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of the Environment Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emissions Control Nanjing University Nanjing210023 China Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing210023 China Stata Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering and Industrial Catalysis Sinopec Shanghai Reaserch Institute of Petrochemical Technology Shanghai201208 China

Fe2O3-based catalysts have attracted increasing interests for their use in NH3-SCR (selective catalytic reduction) reaction, while the wide application of Fe2O3-based catalysts is limited by its unsatisfying NO conversion at low temperature and poor anti-SO2 ability. In this study, by virtue of FeSi composite oxide with large specific surface area as support obtained by doping Si into pristine Fe2O3, and NbOx species was used for surface modification to further regulate their acidity and redox properties, significantly improving their NH3-SCR activity. The optimal Nb/FeSi catalyst exhibited over 90% NO conversion in the temperature interval of 250-400 oC and displayed excellent SO2 resistance at 225 oC. These resulting catalysts were characterized by various techniques to study their key physicochemical properties and identify their catalytic roles for NH3-SCR performance. For the contribution of different components to the catalytic activity, Si contributes large specific surface area and more Brønsted acid sites, facilitating the dispersion of active components and the activation of NH3 species. Nb could promote the generation of more oxygen vacancies and abundant Brønsted acid sites while inhibits the adsorption of NOx. This work provides experimental guidance to improve the activity and sulfur resistance of denitration catalyst by active component control. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Silica

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Arsenate Removal from Water by Ti Electrocoagulation: Main Influencing Factors, Response Surface Optimization, and Potential Mechanisms

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Li, Jie Cao, Yumin Lu, Jianbo Qin, Changcai Zhang, Wei Zhang, Xintong Yi, Xuesong Yu, Wenzheng School of Economics and Management Yantai University Shandong Province Yantai264005 China School of Civil Engineering Yantai University Shandong Province Yantai264005 China Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province Hainan University Haikou570228 China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100085 China

The efficacy and mechanism of As(V) removal by Ti electrocoagulation (Ti EC) were investigated detailedly using batch tests. The Box-Behnken design method with 3 factor 3 level was used to optimize main process parameters (electrode distance, current density, and initial pH). The obtained optimal process parameters for the maximum arsenic removal were as follows: electrode distance of 9.4 mm, current density of 15.5 A/m2, and initial pH of 6.4. Initial pH had a significant impact on the arsenic removal (P © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Titanium dioxide

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