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An Improved Compressive Sensing-Based Model for Efficient Analysis of Monostatic Electromagnetic Scattering Problems

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IEEE Microwave and Wireless Technology Letters 2025年第4期35卷 388-391页

作者： Qi, Qi Fan, Yunuo Cao, Xinyuan Liu, Yi Kong, Meng Huang, Zhixiang Wu, Xianliang Hefei Normal University Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Simulation Calculation and Design for Electronic Information System Hefei230601 China Anhui University Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing Ministry of Education Hefei230601 China

To further accelerate the analysis of monostatic electromagnetic (EM) scattering problems of objects, an improved compressive sensing (CS)-based model is proposed. First, an orthogonal subspace spanned by the wide-angle induced currents is identified by means of the wide-angle incident sources. Then, the sparse transform of the induced currents is replaced by the subspace projection. In addition, an optimal number of measurements is determined, only slightly larger than the dimension of the subspace. Finally, the recovery algorithm is simplified to the least-squares method to solve the resulting overdetermined system. Compared with the traditional CS-based model, the proposed model significantly improves the efficiency of the recovery step and optimizes both the requirement for and the way of determining the number of measurements. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Least squares approximations

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HyFit: Hybrid Fine-Tuning With Diverse Sampling for Abstractive Summarization

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IEEE Transactions on Big Data 2025年第3期11卷 1054-1065页

作者： Zhao, Shu Cheng, Yuanfang Zhang, Yanping Chen, Jie Duan, Zhen Sun, Yang Wang, Xinyuan Anhui University Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing Hefei230601 China Anhui University School of Computer Science and Technology Hefei230601 China Anhui University Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province Hefei230601 China

Abstractive summarization has made significant progress in recent years, which aims to generate a concise and coherent summary that contains the most important facts from the source document. Current fine-tuning approaches based on pre-training models typically rely on autoregressive and maximum likelihood estimation, which may result in inconsistent historical distributions generated during the training and inference stages, i.e., exposure bias problem. To alleviate this problem, we propose a hybrid fine-tuning model(HyFit), which combines contrastive learning and reinforcement learning in a diverse sampling space. Firstly, we introduce reparameterization and probability-based sampling methods to generate a set of summary candidates called candidates bank, which improves the diversity and quality of the decoding sampling space and incorporates the potential for uncertainty. Secondly, hybrid fine-tuning with sampled candidates bank, upweighting confident summaries and downweighting unconfident ones. Experiments demonstrate that HyFit significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art models on SAMSum and DialogSum. HyFit also shows good performance on low-resource summarization, on DialogSum dataset, using only approximate 8% of the examples exceed the performance of the base model trained on all examples. © 2015 IEEE.

关键词： Reinforcement learning

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A numerical magnitude aware multi-channel hierarchical encoding network for math word problem solving

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Neural computing and Applications 2025年第3期37卷 1651-1672页

作者： Xu, Junjie Chen, Yuzhong Xiao, Lingsheng Liao, Hongmiao Zhong, Jiayuan Dong, Chen College of Computer and Data Science Fuzhou University Fujian Province Fuzhou350108 China Engineering Research Center of Big Data Intelligence Ministry of Education Fuzhou China Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Network Computing and Intelligent Information Processing Fujian Province Fuzhou350108 China

Math word problem (MWP) represents a critical research area within reading comprehension, where accurate comprehension of math problem text is crucial for generating math expressions. However, current approaches still grapple with unresolved challenges in grasping the sensitivity of math problem text and delineating distinct roles across various clause types, and enhancing numerical representation. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a Numerical Magnitude Aware Multi-Channel Hierarchical Encoding Network (NMA-MHEA) for math expression generation. Firstly, NMA-MHEA implements a multi-channel hierarchical context encoding module to learn context representations at three different channels: intra-clause channel, inter-clause channel, and context-question interaction channel. NMA-MHEA constructs hierarchical constituent-dependency graphs for different levels of sentences and employs a Hierarchical Graph Attention Neural Network (HGAT) to learn syntactic and semantic information within these graphs at the intra-clause and inter-clause channels. NMA-MHEA then refines context clauses using question information at the context-question interaction channel. Secondly, NMA-MHEA designs a number encoding module to enhance the relative magnitude information among numerical values and type information of numerical values. Experimental results on two public benchmark datasets demonstrate that NMA-MHEA outperforms other state-of-the-art models. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Semantics

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Amplified emission and lasing enabled by high-Q quasi-bound states in asymmetric dielectric metasurfaces via eigenfield perturbation

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Optics Express 2025年第10期33卷 21551-21565页

作者： Xu, Ke Fei, Yuhang Sun, Yingying Feng, Jian Deng, Xuesong Fang, Ming Huang, Zhixiang The Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province Anhui University Anhui Hefei 230039 China The Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing Ministry of Education Anhui University Hefei 230039 China

Symmetry-protected bound states in the continuum represent a distinct class of nonradiative modes in continuous media. By introducing asymmetric parameters into a symmetric metasurface, the inherent symmetry can be broken, transforming BICs—originally decoupled from external radiation channels—into high-Q quasi-BICs with controlled radiation capabilities. However, manufacturing constraints pose a significant challenge in fabricating nanostructures with ultra-small asymmetric parameters, thereby limiting the achievable Q-factor. In this work, we propose an asymmetric perforated metasurface structure that supports BICs. When the perforations are shifted along the x or y axis to a specific position, the linewidth vanishes, and simulations confirm the emergence of a BIC in the system, with a quality factor reaching up to 10⁹. Furthermore, we demonstrate that selective eigenmode perturbation can effectively transform BICs into practical quasi-BICs. Notably, for the same structure, perturbing the weak-field region yields higher Q-factors, offering a flexible approach to optimizing performance. This approach enables precise Q-factor control and enhanced radiation properties. Furthermore, we design a laser cavity structure based on these quasi-BICs, achieving amplified emission and lasing with excellent agreement between simulations and theoretical predictions. These findings expand the BIC library and offer new methods for Q-factor manipulation, paving the way for high-performance optoelectronic devices such as nanolasers, biosensors, and nonlinear harmonic generators. © 2025 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement.

关键词： Destructive interference Light matter interactions Material properties Nanostructures Optical amplifiers Photonic crystal cavities

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A Tetrahedral Spectral Element Method for Thermo-Mechanical Analysis of Electronic Devices

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IEEE Transactions on Components, Packaging and Manufacturing Technology 2025年

作者： Feng, Naixing Zhang, Shuai Huang, Zhixiang Liu, Qi Qiang Anhui University Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing Ministry of Education Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Environmental Sensing of Anhui Higher Education Institutes Hefei China Hangzhou Dianzi University School of Electronics and Information Engineering Hangzhou310018 China

For the coupled thermo-mechanical simulation of complex electronic devices, we propose a Tetrahedral Spectral Element Method (TSEM), which truly combines the high accuracy of spectral methods with the strong geometric adaptability of Finite Element Methods (FEMs). The TSEM employs a collapse transformation method and successfully converts the orthogonal Gauss-Lobatto-Legendre (GLL) basis functions from a hexahedron to a tetrahedral reference element. This ensures numerical accuracy and stability for arbitrary high-order interpolation. We also generate non-equidistant GLL spectral interpolation nodes for tetrahedral elements through Warp&Blend transformation, enabling direct nodal numerical integration calculation through Vandermonde matrices. This approach replaces the classical Gaussian quadrature in the FEM, not only significantly enhancing the computational efficiency of element matrix but also avoiding potential numerical dissipation and dispersion associated with Gaussian integration, thus achieving rapid convergence. In the TSEM thermo-mechanical coupling, we further construct a separate solver based on the implicit Newmark-β method, which realizes unconditional stability for temporal integration for arbitrary time step increment. Moreover, it supports independent inversion of system matrices for temperature and stress fields, without increasing computational resource consumption due to the coupling of multi-physics equations. By quantitatively comparing with the COMSOL Multiphysics software, several typical case studies are used to demonstrate the significant advantages of the TSEM in numerical accuracy, efficiency, and stability. © 2025 IEEE. All rights reserved.

关键词： Orthogonal functions

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A Nonconformal SETI-DP Method for Transient Thermal Simulation

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IEEE Transactions on Components, Packaging and Manufacturing Technology 2025年

作者： Feng, Naixing Li, Hongyang Huang, Zhixiang Liu, Qi Qiang Anhui University Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing Ministry of Education The Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province The Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Environmental Sensing of Anhui Higher Education Institutes Hefei China Hangzhou Dianzi University School of Electronics and Information Engineering Hangzhou310018 China

This paper proposes a novel nonconformal meshbased dual-primal spectral element tearing and interconnecting (SETI-DP) method designed for the efficient transient simulation of complex large-scale heat conduction problems utilizing a domain decomposition method (DDM). This method allows for the division of complex, large-scale problems into smaller subdomain problems. By applying Robin-type transmission conditions at the subdomain interfaces, rapid convergence of the global interface iterative solution is achieved for arbitrary non-conformal subdomain problems. This non-conformal DDM approach supports independent meshing of subdomains, eliminating the need to generate a globally continuous mesh for large-scale problems, thereby significantly enhancing meshing efficiency. In addition, this non-conformal meshing strategy enables high-contrast spatial discretization and mixed-order spectral interpolation between different subdomains. This significantly increases meshing flexibility, minimizes the number of degrees of freedom (DoF) in multi-scale problems, and reduces computational costs. In addition, by developing a subdomain-coupled time iteration scheme, the global corner problem of residual transfer is explicitly given, which greatly improves the versatility and flexibility of the algorithm. Finally, to demonstrate the accuracy, efficiency, and robustness of our algorithm, we conduct benchmark tests on several representative examples. © 2011-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Domain decomposition methods

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Tailoring structural, mechanical, and electronic properties of (Ti0.25Ta0.25Zr0.25Nb0.25-xLax)C high-entropy carbide ceramics via rare-earth La incorporation: A comprehensive first-principles study

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Ceramics International 2025年

作者： Wang, Zhipeng Yu, Zhaowen Zhang, Linkun Liu, Feng Huang, Lan Wang, Yan Tan, Liming Wang, Zi Ma, Li Tang, Pingying School of Materials Science and Engineering Dongguan University of Technology Guangdong Province Dongguan523808 China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing Technology for Vehicle Hunan University Hunan Province Changsha410082 China State Key Laboratory for Powder Metallurgy Central South University Hunan Province Changsha410083 China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Functional Information Materials and Intelligent Information Processing Nanning Normal University Guangxi Province Nanning530001 China

High-entropy carbide ceramics (HECCs) exhibit exceptional material properties, but their underlying physical mechanisms are underexplored. This study utilizes first-principles calculations to examine the influence of rare-earth La on the structural, mechanical, dislocation, and electronic properties of (Ti0.25Ta0.25Zr0.25Nb0.25-xLax)C (x = 0∼18.75 %) HECCs. key parameters, including formation enthalpy, lattice distortion, elastic constants, mechanical modulus, and density of states, are systematically analyzed as a function of La content. Results show that La preferentially substitutes Nb sites, forming thermodynamically stable rock-salt structures. Increased La content induces severe lattice distortion, reduces resistance to bulk, elastic, and shear deformation, and enhances ductility while decreasing brittleness. La incorporation also lowers Vickers hardness and yield strength, weakening crack resistance. Notably, (Ti0.25Ta0.25Zr0.25Nb0.0625La0.1875)C exhibits minimal energy factors and maximum dislocation width, facilitating dislocation nucleation and twinning. A rightward shift and reduced peak heights in valence band of total density of states curves with increasing La content indicate enhanced electron delocalization and reduced brittleness. These findings highlight the potential of La substitution to tailor structural, mechanical, and electronic properties in (Ti0.25Ta0.25Zr0.25Nb0.25-xLax)C HECCs, offering insights for designing ductile HECCs. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l.

关键词： Vickers hardness

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Metasurface-Loaded Circularly Polarized Dual-Band MIMO Cellphone Frame Antenna for Mobile Communication Applications

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IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 2025年

作者： Meng, Yanfeng Ren, Aidi Wang, Chao Xu, Guanghui Zhao, Luyu Li, Yingsong Yang, Lixia Huang, Zhi-Xiang Anhui University Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province Hefei230039 China Anhui University School of Electronic and Information Engineering Hefei230601 China Anhui University Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing Ministry of Education Hefei230039 China Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Target Recognition and Feature Extraction Anhui237010 China Anhui University Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Environment al Sensing of Anhui Higher Education Institutes Hefei230039 China

In this letter, a set of circularly polarized (CP) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) cellphone frame antennas for mobile communication applications is proposed. The planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) and monopole antenna operate at frequencies of 3.5 GHz and 5.5 GHz with impedance and axial ratio (AR) bandwidths overlapping at 11.4% (3.3-3.7 GHz) and 7.3% (5.2-5.6 GHz), respectively. To reduce the electromagnetic coupling between the two antennas, the V-shaped mental fence is added and different rectangular metasurface (RMS) arrays are adopted to enhance the CP radiation performances. This design not only covers 5G communication, LTE, and the 5 GHz Wi-Fi band. It also provides a communication strategy for future direct satellite communication from cellphones, enhancing efficient switching between satellite and cellular networks. © 2002-2011 IEEE.

关键词： Monopole antennas

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Transductive Few-shot Learning via Joint Message Passing and Prototype-based Soft-label Propagation

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ACM Transactions on Multimedia computing, Communications and Applications 2025年第4期21卷

作者： Wang, Jiahui Xu, Qin Jiang, Bo Luo, Bin The Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing Ministry of Education Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Multimodal Cognitive Computation School of Computer Science and Technology Anhui University Hefei230601 China The Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province School of Computer Science and Technology Anhui University The Institute of Artificial Intelligence Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center Hefei China

The transductive Few-shot Learning (FSL) mostly employs either prototype learning or label propagation methods to generalize to new classes by using the information of all query samples. However, existing methods have several main limitations. First, the prototype methods mainly focus on support samples which fail to fully exploit the relationships of query samples. Second, existing label propagation methods are generally not effective for the class-imbalanced problem. Third, existing works usually optimize the learnable parameters during inference which significantly reduces the efficiency of existing methods. To address these limitations, this article proposes an efficient and robust method for transductive FSL problem, termed Prototype-based Soft-label Propagation (PSLP), which combines the prototype learning and label propagation together for FSL problem. In our proposed method, first, the soft-label presentation for each query sample is estimated by leveraging prototypes. Then, the soft-label propagation is conducted on the learned query-support graph and the prototype representation is rectified. Both steps are conducted progressively for boosting the performance. Moreover, to learn effective prototypes for soft-label estimation and the desirable query-support graph for soft-label propagation, we design a new joint message passing scheme to learn the sample presentation and relational graph jointly. The PSLP method is parameter-free and can be implemented very efficiently. The experiments conducted on four popular benchmarks show that our method achieves competitive results on both balanced and imbalanced settings compared to the state-of-the-art methods. The code is released at https://***/mobulan/PSLP. © 2025 Copyright held by the owner/author(s).

关键词： Few-shot learning Transductive learning Message passing Label propagation

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Optically transparent transmissive orbital angular momentum (OAM) metasurface with high transmittance and broadband characteristics

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Optics Express 2025年第12期33卷 24385-24395页

作者： Yong Cai Yuying Dai Yue Ma Gang Wang Guanghui Xu Xingang Ren Hui Wang Xiaohu Zhao Xianliang Wu Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province Anhui University Hefei 230039 China Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Environmental Sensing of Anhui Higher Education Institutes Anhui University Hefei 230039 China wang_toward@*** ghxu86@*** Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing & Signal Processing Ministry of Education Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology Anhui University Hefei 230039 China xgren@*** Hefei Normal University Hefei 230009 China

This work proposes a high-performance broadband orbital angular momentum (OAM) beam-generating metasurface based on optically transparent media. A broadband polarization-converting transmissive metasurface, which operates in the 18 - 24 (28.57% fractional bandwidth) GHz range, has been realized by collaboratively designing dual C-split ring resonator structures and bidirectional lattice-patterned surface networks. The array structure demonstrates typical helical phase distribution features in the K-band, and experimental results verify simulation design. Innovatively employing a composite structure of quartz glass substrate and patterned conductive thin films, the design achieves compatible optimization of 77% visible-light transmittance and microwave broadband performance. This approach breaks through the mutually exclusive limitations of traditional metasurfaces’ optical/electromagnetic properties, providing a highly integrated solution for transparent antenna radomes in satellite communication systems and multi-mode beam multiplexing applications.

关键词： Orbital angular momentum multiplexing Phase plates Ring resonators Spatial light modulators Spiral phase Thin films

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