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A Novel Gradient Descent Least-Squares (GDLSs) Algorithm for Efficient Gridless Line Spectrum Estimation With applications in Tomographic SAR Imaging

A Novel Gradient Descent Least-Squares (GDLSs) Algorithm for...

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作者： Shi, Ruizhe Zhang, Zhe Qiu, Xiaolan Ding, Chibiao University of Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Electronic Electrical and Communication Engineering Beijing100190 China Suzhou Aerospace Information Research Institute Suzhou Key Laboratory of Intelligent Aerospace Big Data Application Technology Suzhou Jiangsu215123 China CAS Key Laboratory of Technology in Geo-Spatial Information Processing and Application System Beijing100190 China

This article presents a novel efficient method for gridless line spectrum estimation problems with single snapshot and sparse signals, namely the gradient descent least-squares (GDLS) method. Conventional single-snapshot (a.k.a. single-measure vector or SMV) line spectrum estimation methods either rely on smoothing techniques that sacrifice the range and/or azimuth resolution or adopt the sparsity constraint and utilize the compressed sensing (CS) method by defining prior grids and resulting in the off-grid problem. Recently emerged atomic norm minimization (ANM) methods achieved gridless SMV line spectrum estimation, but its computational complexity is extremely high;thus, it is practically infeasible in real applications with large problem scales. Our proposed GDLS method reformulates the line spectrum estimations problem into a least-squares (LSs) estimation problem and solves the corresponding objective function via a gradient descent algorithm in an iterative fashion with efficiency. The convergence guarantee, computational complexity, and performance analysis for evenly distributed antenna array cases are discussed in this article. Numerical simulations show that the proposed GDLS algorithm outperforms the state-of-the-art methods, for example, CS and ANM, in terms of estimation performances. It can completely avoid the off-grid problem, and its computational complexity is significantly lower than ANM. Our method has been tested in tomographic SAR (TomoSAR) imaging applications via simulated and real experimental data. Results show the great potential of the proposed method in terms of better cloud point performance and eliminating the gridding effect. © 1980-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Spectrum analysis

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STUDY ON THE THREE DIMENSION IMAGING METHODS OF FULLY-POLARISED ARRAY INSAR

STUDY ON THE THREE DIMENSION IMAGING METHODS OF FULLY-POLARI...

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IET International Radar Conference 2023, IRC 2023

作者： Song, Shujie Qiu, Xiaolan Shangguan, Songtao Key Laboratory of Technology in Geo-spatial Information Processing and Application System Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Suzhou Key Laboratory of Microwave Imaging Processing and Application Technology Suzhou China Suzhou Aerospace Information Research Institute Suzhou China School of Electronic Electrical and Communication Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Aerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781839539954

Fully-polarised (FP) array interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (FP-Array-InSAR) is an important technology in three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction and image interpretation of various scattering mechanisms (SMs) by exploiting the structural and polarisation properties of the targets. There has been a solid foundation for multi-baseline PolInSAR, but lack of systematic comparison and analysis for FP-Array-InSAR. Relying on the UAV-borne FP-Array-InSAR system developed by our research team, this paper applies two 3D imaging methods, one based on polarisation decomposition and the other based on multibaseline (MB) polarimetric coherence optimization, to four-channel FP-array-InSAR datasets from Suzhou, China. Finally, this paper compares and analyses the experimental results of these two methods, and then gives their applicable scenarios. Such comparative experiments are positive for the rational selection and application of different methods in FP-array-InSAR. © The Institution of Engineering & technology 2023.

关键词： Radar imaging

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spatial Decomposition and Temporal Fusion based Inter Prediction for Learned Video Compression

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Sheng, Xihua Li, Li Liu, Dong Li, Houqiang The CAS Key Laboratory of Technology in Geo-Spatial Information Processing and Application System University of Science and Technology of China Hefei230027 China

Video compression performance is closely related to the accuracy of inter prediction. It tends to be difficult to obtain accurate inter prediction for the local video regions with inconsistent motion and occlusion. Traditional video coding standards propose various technologies to handle motion inconsistency and occlusion, such as recursive partitions, geometric partitions, and long-term references. However, existing learned video compression schemes focus on obtaining an overall minimized prediction error averaged over all regions while ignoring the motion inconsistency and occlusion in local regions. In this paper, we propose a spatial decomposition and temporal fusion based inter prediction for learned video compression. To handle motion inconsistency, we propose to decompose the video into structure and detail (SDD) components first. Then we perform SDD-based motion estimation and SDD-based temporal context mining for the structure and detail components to generate short-term temporal contexts. To handle occlusion, we propose to propagate long-term temporal contexts by recurrently accumulating the temporal information of each historical reference feature and fuse them with short-term temporal contexts. With the SDD-based motion model and long short-term temporal contexts fusion, our proposed learned video codec can obtain more accurate inter prediction. Comprehensive experimental results demonstrate that our codec outperforms the reference software of H.266/VVC on all common test datasets for both PSNR and MS-SSIM. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Image compression

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Wavelet-Like Transform-Based technology in Response to the Call for Proposals on Neural Network-Based Image Coding

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Dong, Cunhui Ma, Haichuan Zhang, Haotian Gao, Changsheng Li, Li Liu, Dong The CAS Key Laboratory of Technology in Geo-Spatial Information Processing and Application System University of Science and Technology of China Hefei230027 China

Neural network-based image coding has been developing rapidly since its birth. Until 2022, its performance has surpassed that of the best-performing traditional image coding framework – H.266/VVC. Witnessing such success, the IEEE 1857.11 working subgroup initializes a neural network-based image coding standard project and issues a corresponding call for proposals (CfP). In response to the CfP, this paper introduces a novel wavelet-like transform-based end-to-end image coding framework – iWaveV3. iWaveV3 incorporates many new features such as affine wavelet-like transform, perceptual-friendly quality metric, and more advanced training and online optimization strategies into our previous wavelet-like transform-based framework iWave++. While preserving the features of supporting lossy and lossless compression simultaneously, iWaveV3 also achieves state-of-the-art compression efficiency for objective quality and is very competitive for perceptual quality. As a result, iWaveV3 is adopted as a candidate scheme for developing the IEEE Standard for neural-network-based image coding. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Image coding

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Integrating Regularization and PnP Priors for SAR Image Reconstruction Using Multi-agent Consensus Equilibrium

Integrating Regularization and PnP Priors for SAR Image Reco...

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2024 International Workshop on the Theory of Computational Sensing and its applications to Radar, Multimodal Sensing and Imaging, CoSeRa 2024

作者： Fan, Yizhe Liu, Mingqian Shao, Mingxiao Zhang, Bingchen Wu, Yirong Aerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Key Laboratory of Technology in Geo-spatial Information Processing and Application System China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Electronic Electrical and Communication Engineering China Aeronautical Remote Sensing Center Chinese Academy of Sciences China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350365504

Multi-agent consensus equilibrium mechanism is a generalization of popular used PnP-ADMM method and composite regularization in computational sensing. We propose a novel SAR image sparse reconstruction method based on MACE mechanism. High-quality SAR images necessitate low ambiguity, high SNR, and low coherent speckle. We therefore integrate regularization priors and PnP priors for azimuth ambiguity suppression, sparsity inducing and despeckling. The proposed method's performance is evaluated through experiments on both simulated and QILU-1 satellite SAR data. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Image reconstruction

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SAR Tomographic Inversion of Urban Areas via Morphology Regularization 15

SAR Tomographic Inversion of Urban Areas via Morphology Regu...

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15th European Conference on Synthetic Aperture Radar, EUSAR 2024

作者： Li, Jie Li, Zhiyuan Fan, Yizhe Zhang, Bingchen Wu, Yirong Aerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100094 China Key Laboratory of Technology in Geo-Spatial Information Processing and Application System Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China School of Electronic Electrical and Communication Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing101408 China

ISBN: (纸本)9783800762873

The current synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images with ultra high resolution provide the detailed structures of the urban areas, which are often utilized to retrieve 3D spatial information of the detailed structures based on tomographic synthetic aperture radar (TomoSAR). Compressive sensing (CS), as a favorable sparse reconstruction technique has been widely used in TomoSAR, however, the sparsity constraints by CS algorithms often lose detailed structures of the targets due to the pixel-wise processing. In this paper, we apply the morphology regularization as a prior term to form a novel approach based on the CS algorithm. The morphology regularization can shrink the concatenations caused by outliers in the iterative reconstruction, enhancing the detailed structural properties of reconstructed targets. And the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) is applied, where the Bregman iteration is adopted for solving the sub-problem with the morphology regularization. Both simulation experiments and tests on real data show that the proposed method can suppress the outliers and preserve the detailed structures of tomographic reconstruction, leading to improved correctness and completeness. © VDE VERLAG GMBH ∙ Berlin ∙ Offenbach.

关键词： Morphology

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Analysis of the Fluence of Multi-sources DEM in Remote Sensing Image Ortho-rectification

Analysis of the Fluence of Multi-sources DEM in Remote Sensi...

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2024 International Conference on Remote Sensing, Mapping, and Image processing, RSMIP 2024

作者： Liu, Rui Zhu, Jingxing Jiao, Niangang Wang, Feng You, Hongjian Xiang, Yuming Key Laboratory of Technology in Geo-Spatial Information Processing and Application System Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China Aerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100094 China School of Electronic Electrical and Communication Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781510680012

Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) depict the configuration of the Earth surface, which is essential for remote sensing image ortho-rectification. Nowadays, the ALOS DEM, ASTER GDEM and SRTM DEM are the most commonly used models, produced based on different remote sensing datasets. Geolocation errors may be introduced with different producing methods and datasets. Therefore, multi-sources remote sensing images covering various terrain in China are experimented for the analysis of ortho-rectification accuracy using different DEMs. Based on the rational function model, the geolocation error of original imagery can be reduced greatly with the grounds control points, and different DEMs are used for the ortho-rectification of different imagery. The accuracy is experimented and verified using high-precision reference images. Experimental results show that ortho-rectificated images with the ALOS DEM can achieve better accuracy compared with the SRTM DEM and ASTER GDEM, which is significant for geometric processing of remote sensing images. © 2024 SPIE.

关键词： Remote sensing

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The application of the Alternate Descent Conditional Gradient Method in Tomographic SAR Off-grid Imaging

The Application of the Alternate Descent Conditional Gradien...

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IET International Radar Conference 2023, IRC 2023

作者： Shao, Mingxiao Su, Cikang Zhang, Zhe Zhang, Bingchen The Key Laboratory of Technology in Geo-spatial Information Processing and Application System Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Suzhou Key Laboratory of Microwave Imaging Processing and Application Technology Suzhou Aerospace Information Research Institute Jiangsu Suzhou China Aerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China School of Electronic Electrical and Communication Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781839539954

Compressed sensing (CS) technology has been applied to topographic synthetic aperture radar (TomoSAR) imaging due to the sparsity of elevation signals. The traditional CS algorithms discretize the elevation into many grids and assume that the scatterers are located on grids, therefore, the accuracy of the traditional CS algorithms is limited by the off-grid effect. Although there are currently methods to address the off-grid effect, such as atomic norm minimization (ANM), its application is limited by the baseline distribution form of TomoSAR, which only applies to uniformly observed scenarios. Alternating Descent Conditional Gradient (ADCG) has been applied in many fields as a gridless imaging algorithm. In this paper, we apply ADCG to TomoSAR imaging for the first time, achieving the reconstruction of non-uniform baseline observation scenes. The effectiveness of ADCG in TomoSAR imaging was verified by comparing it with iterative soft thresholding (IST) and orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP) through simulation experiments. © The Institution of Engineering & technology 2023.

关键词： Compressed sensing

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SAR Image Compression Based on Low-Frequency Suppression and Target Perception 8th

SAR Image Compression Based on Low-Frequency Suppression and...

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8th EAI International Conference on Machine Learning and Intelligent Communications, MLICOM 2023

作者： Deng, Jiawen Huang, Lijia Wu, Yifan Aerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100094 China Key Laboratory of Technology in Geo-Spatial Information Processing and Application System Aerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China School of Electronic Electrical and Communication Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China

ISBN: (纸本)9783031717154

Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images are widely used in the field of remote sensing. To store and transmit the growing amount of SAR image data, more efficient compression algorithms are required. In this paper, a new framework for compressing SAR images is proposed based on deep learning. Firstly, we propose a new two-stage transformation based on low-frequency suppression of input data to achieve high information entropy and low quantization loss. To explore the redundancy between regions of interest and regions of non-interest, an image compression model for target perception is proposed to convert the input SAR image into a compact latent representation together with the target perception map. To evaluate the performance of the algorithm, we conducted experiments on SAR image dataset. The results show that the proposed algorithm is significantly better than the traditional processing algorithm in terms of data input, and can effectively preserve and improve the performance of the image compression model. © ICST Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering 2024.

关键词： Image compression

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SAR Change Detection Based on keypoint Graph Structure and Cosegmentation-Based Refinement

SAR Change Detection Based on Keypoint Graph Structure and C...

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Geology, Mapping and Remote Sensing (ICGMRS), International Conference on

作者： Jingxing Zhu Rui Liu Niangang Jiao Feng Wang Hongjian You Key Laboratory of Technology in Geo-Spatial Information Processing and Application System Aerospace information Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

ISBN: (数字)9798350365719

ISBN: (纸本)9798350365726

Change detection between high-resolution Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images remains a challenging task. Due to the effectively integration of structure and intensity information, graph-based methods have made some progress in SAR change detection. But it still faces the issues of robustness of graph construction and incomplete change detection outcomes. To tackle these challenges, we propose an improved keypoint-based graph structure change detection approach. First, we propose a keypoint extraction strategy guided by a coarse change map to better describe potential change areas. Second, we construct stable graph structures on these keypoints with employing a robust distance measurement that considers the statistical properties of SAR images. Then, the keypoint difference image (KDI) is derived through measuring the consistency of graph structures between pre-and post-time SAR images. Next, keypoint change map (KCM) is generated through clustering KDI by k-means. Finally, we use co-segmentation superpixel mask to refine the KCM and obtain accurate and complete binary change map. We validate the effective of proposed framework on GF-3 dataset. Experimental results demonstrate the superior performance of our method compared to alternative method.

关键词： Image segmentation Geology Noise Focusing Speckle Radar polarimetry Robustness

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