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Active Control Method for Frequency Domain Error of Aerostatic Spindle Based on Acoustic Levitation

Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2025年第1期38卷 119-139页

作者： Guoda Chen Zhaoshou Chen Yifan Ge College of Mechanical Engineering Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310023China Key Laboratory of Special Purpose Equipment and Advanced Processing Technology Ministry of Education and Zhejiang ProvinceZhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310023China

In the machining of high-end optical components,the aerostatic spindle error of an ultra-precision machine tool has a significant impact on the surface quality of the machined *** surfaces of many high-end optical components need to meet the extremely stringent requirements of the full-frequency band error,which poses significant challenge to the control of the aerostatic spindle *** this research,we put forward an active control method for the frequency domain error of the aerostatic spindle based on acoustic levitation,in which the acousticmagnetism-fluid-solid multi-field coupling rotor dynamics modeling method of the aerostatic spindle was proposed and the corresponding multi-field coupling model was *** the numerical simulation and preliminary experiments,the influence law of acoustic levitation on the frequency domain error of the aerostatic spindle is *** results showed that acoustic levitation can be used to control the frequency domain error of the aerostatic spindle to some extent,which verified the effectiveness of the proposed method.

关键词： Acoustic levitation Aerostatic spindle Multi-field coupling Numerical model Frequency domain error

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Optimization for furnace-assisted laser cladding process parameter of crack-free ceramic-based coating by response surface methodology

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Ceramics International 2025年第9期51卷 11735-11746页

作者： Yong, Zhao Wang, Yunfei Yang, Gaolin Shi, Yuelin Zhang, QunLi Yao, Jianhua College of Mechanical Engineering Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou310023 China Key Laboratory of Special Purpose Equipment and Advanced Processing Technology of Ministry of Education Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou310023 China Institute of Laser Advanced Manufacturing Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou310023 China Zhoushan Dingzun Intelligent Technology Co. LTD Zhoushan316031 China

Ceramic-based coating, recognized as advanced surface treatment material, which is widely utilized across various sectors including aerospace, automotive, and industrial manufacturing. This extensive application is attributed to their remarkable properties such as wear resistance, high-temperature tolerance, and corrosion resistance. However, ceramic phase of the coating experienced excessive residual stress due to rapid cooling and heating effects, during the laser cladding process. Thus, the formation of cracks and pores in the coating is a common issue, posing significant challenge to the preparation of ceramic-based coating. This study employed the response surface methodology to optimize the process parameters of furnace-assisted laser cladding for fabricating 60WC coating on 45# steel substrate. The effects of laser power, scanning rate, powder feeding rate, and preheating temperature on coating height, dilution rate and micro-hardness were investigated comprehensively in order to achieve a crack-free 60WC coating. The results indicate that the synergistic effect of laser scanning speed and preheating temperature is of the utmost significance for attaining crack-free coatings with high hardness. Through the adjustment of these two parameters, a coating featuring high hardness and no cracks can be acquired. And it was determined by RSM that the optimal coating quality was achieved under the following conditions: 2586.13 W laser power, 740.74 mm/min laser scanning speed, 400 °C preheating temperature, and 22.0 g/min powder feeding speed, with no discernible macroscopic or microscopic cracks present. © 2025

关键词： Preheating

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Research on the microstructure and corrosion-wear resistance mechanism of Ti–6Al–4V alloy under cryogenic burnishing

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Journal of Materials Research and technology 2025年 35卷 5854-5871页

作者： Hou, Wen-tao Lou, Ning Wang, Hai-dou Cai, Zhi-hai Xing, Zhi-guo Piao, Zhong-yu College of Mechanical Engineering Zhejiang University of Technology Zhejiang Hangzhou310012 China China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base on Intelligent Equipment Manufacturing in Special Service Environment Anhui University of Technology Ma'anshan243032 China Key Laboratory of Special Purpose Equipment and Advanced Processing Technology Ministry of Education and Zhejiang Province Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou310012 China National Key Laboratory for Remanufacturing Army Academy of Armored Forces Beijing100072 China National Engineering Research Center for Remanufacturing Army Academy of Armored Forces Beijing100072 China

The synergistic effect of deep cryogenic treatment (DCT) coupled surface burnishing process (SBP) on the surface structure and properties of Ti–6Al–4V alloy was studied, and the surface modification layer was characterized using surface morphology, microhardness, corrosion wear and other testing methods. DCT is an extension of conventional heat treatment, and SBP is a common metal surface strengthening process. By preparing the surface nano-gradient structure, the surface strengthening of metal is enhanced. The surface hardness of the DCT-SBP sample is slightly higher than that of the SBP sample. In addition, the surface roughness of the DCT-SBP sample is lower. In the electrochemical corrosion test, the corrosion resistance of the DCT-SBP sample in Hank's solution was significantly better than that of the original sample and SBP sample. Especially compared with the original sample, the deep-cold rolling pattern increases by 0.256 V, the self-corrosion current density is the lowest, 1.317 × 10−7 A/cm2, which is an order of magnitude lower than the original sample, and the polarization resistance is the largest, 2.322 × 105 Ω cm2;the Rct value of charge transfer resistance is the highest, which is 2.989 × 105 Ω cm2. Then, in the corrosion-wear resistance test, the maximum wear scar width of the DCT-SBP sample was reduced by about 10%. It is smaller than the original sample under different load wear. And the synergistic mechanism of surface quality, microhardness, microstructure and corrosion-wear resistance of DCT-SBP specimens was analyzed. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Titanium alloys

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Complete Gait Phases Recognition Based on Muscle Synergy Using PSO-CNN-LSTM Algorithm

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IEEE Sensors Journal 2025年第10期25卷 16775-16786页

作者： Zhang, Kewen Li, Xiaoling Chen, Xin Yu, Longjie Jin, Yinan Fan, Bingfei Du, Mingyu Bao, Guanjun Wu, Xinyu Cai, Shibo Zhejiang University of Technology College of Mechanical Engineering Key Laboratory of Special Purpose Equipment and Advanced Processing Technology Ministry of Education Hangzhou China Zhejiang University of Technology College of Mechanical Engineering Hangzhou China ZJUT Yinhu Research Institute of Innovation and Entrepreneurship ZJUT Yinhu Research Institute of Innovation and Entrepreneurship ZJUT Yinhu Research Institute of Innovation and Entrepreneurship Fuyang District Hangzhou311400 China Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Human-Machine-Intelligence Synergic Systems Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Shenzhen China Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Robotics and Intelligent System Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Shenzhen China

Accurately recognizing gait phases, by applying proper instrumentation and measurement, is significant in walking rehabilitation training for patients with impaired mobility. In this study, seven phases of complete stand-walk-stand cycle as well as continuous daily walking were recognized based on muscle synergy and PSO-CNN-LSTM model. Firstly, the complete stand-walk-stand walking cycle were divided into starting phase, terminal swing phase, loading response phase, mid-stance phase, terminal stance phase, initial swing phase, and stopping phase, based on the features of surface electromyography (sEMG) collected by portable sEMG acquisition system and measured motion data of lower limb. Secondly, a muscle weight matrix and an activation sequence matrix were calculated by using non-negative matrix factorization (NMF). Finally, a PSO-CNN-LSTM network was designed to recognize the complete stand-walk-stand cycle by applying above mentioned matrices as input. Fourteen subjects volunteered to perform linear walking experiments under procedure to verify the feasibility of the proposed approach by comparing results with other classifiers and features. Experimental results show that the proposed approach was capable of achieving an average recognition accuracy of up to 85.384%. This work will offer promising gait recognition method for rehabilitation robots to achieve natural and flexible human-robot interaction. © 2001-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Non-negative matrix factorization

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Efficient chemical mechanical polishing of W promoted by Fenton-like reaction between Cu^(2+)and H_(2)O_(2)

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2025年第1期35卷 257-270页

作者： Hong-yu CHEN Lin WANG Feng PENG Meng-meng SHEN Wei HANG Tufa Habtamu BERI Hui-bin ZHANG Jun ZHAO Yun-xiao HAN Bing-hai LÜ College of Mechanical Engineering Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310023China Key Laboratory of Special Purpose Equipment and Advanced Processing Technology Ministry of EducationZhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310023China Adama Science and Technology University Adama 1888Ethiopia College of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310014China

The Fenton-like reaction between Cu^(2+)and H_(2)O_(2)was employed in chemical mechanical polishing to achieve efficient and high-quality processing of *** microstructure evolution and material removal rate of tungsten during polishing process were investigated via scanning electron microscopy,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,ultraviolet−visible spectrophotometry,and electrochemical *** passivation behavior and material removal mechanism were *** show that the use of mixed H_(2)O_(2)+Cu(NO_(3))_(2)oxidant can achieve higher polishing efficiency and surface quality compared with the single oxidant Cu(NO_(3))_(2)or H_(2)O_(2).The increase in material removal rate is attributed to the rapid oxidation of W into WO_(3)via the chemical reaction between the substrate and hydroxyl radicals produced by the Fenton-like *** addition,material removal rate and static etch rate exhibit significantly different dependencies on the concentration of Cu(NO_(3))_(2),while the superior oxidant for achieving the balance between polishing efficiency and surface quality is 0.5 wt.%H_(2)O_(2)+1.0 wt.%Cu(NO_(3))_(2).

关键词： chemical mechanical polishing tungsten Fenton-like reaction hydroxyl radical material removal mechanism

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IMU-Based Real-Time Biofeedback Wristband With Automatic Sensor-to-Segment Calibration for Arm Swing Training

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IEEE Sensors Journal 2025年第6期25卷 9780-9789页

作者： Fan, Bingfei Chen, Jie Tan, Chao Zhu, Yifeng Liu, Tao Li, Qingguo Cai, Shibo Jiang, Tianyu Zhejiang University of Technology College of Mechanical Engineering Hangzhou310023 China Zhejiang University State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems School of Mechanical Engineering Hangzhou310027 China Queen's University Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering KingstonONK7L 3N6 Canada Zhejiang University of Technology College of Mechanical Engineering The Key Laboratory of Special Purpose Equipment and Advanced Processing Technology Ministry of Education and Zhejiang Province Hangzhou310023 China Chinese PLA General Hospital The Second Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases National Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Beijing100000 China

Arm swing during walking is significant as it enhances gait stability and reduces energy expenditure. Reduced arm swing in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) or the elderly causes poor mobility and higher fall risk. This article develops an IMU-based real-time biofeedback wristband with an automatic sensor-to-segment calibration algorithm for arm swing training. The real-time algorithm detects key frames and calculates the sensor-to-segment alignment transformation, then monitors arm swing motion, and provides vibration feedback when insufficient arm swing is detected. Validation experiments were performed to assess the accuracies of arm swing angle, angular velocity estimations, and the effectiveness of real-time biofeedback. Seventeen subjects wore wristbands and optical markers on their arms while performing slow, normal, and fast walking on a treadmill. Arm swing angle, angular velocity, and range of motion were extracted with and without the proposed calibration method. An additional wristband manually aligned with the forearm was used for comparison and an optical motion capture (OMC) system was utilized for reference. For the proposed method with automatic calibration, the root-mean-square errors (RMSEs) of the estimated continuous swing angle and angular velocity were 2.1° and 12.8°/s, respectively, which were 46% and 58% of those estimated with the manually aligned wristband. In real-time feedback experiments, subjects exhibited a notable increase in arm swing amplitude given the stimulus from vibration feedback. The developed wristband could serve as an effective training and easy-to-use device, which has the potential for PD patients to increase their arm swing amplitude during walking. © 2001-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Biofeedback

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Optimal Energy Consumption Strategy of the Body Joint Quadruped Robot Based on CPG with Multi-sensor Fused Bio-reflection on Complex Terrain

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2025年 1-27页

作者： Ai, Qinglin Song, Guozheng Tong, Hangsheng Lv, Binghai Chen, Jiaoliao Peng, Jiyu College of Mechanical Engineering Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou310014 China Key Laboratory of Special Purpose Equipment and Advanced Manufacturing Technology Ministry of Education & Zhejiang Province Hangzhou310014 China

Quadruped robots with body joints exhibit enhanced mobility, however, in outdoor environments, the energy that the robot can carry is limited, necessitating optimization of energy consumption to accomplish more tasks within these constraints. Inspired by quadruped animals, this paper proposes an energy-saving strategy for a body joint quadruped robot based on Central Pattern Generator (CPG) with multi-sensor fusion bio-reflexes. First, an energy consumption model for the robot is established, and energy characteristic tests are conducted under different gait parameters. Based on these energy characteristics, optimal energy-efficient gait parameters are determined for various environmental conditions. Second, biological reflex mechanisms are studied, and a motion control model based on multi-sensor fusion biological reflexes is established using CPG as the foundation. By integrating the reflex model and gait parameters, real-time adaptive adjustments to the robot’s motion gait are achieved on complex terrains, reducing energy loss caused by terrain disturbances. Finally, a prototype of the body joint quadruped robot is built for experimental verification. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm effectively reduces the robot’s Cost of Transport (COT) and significantly improves energy efficiency. The related research results can provide a useful reference for the research on energy efficiency of quadruped robots on complex terrain. © Jilin University 2025.

关键词： Multipurpose robots

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Sandwich-structured flexible strain sensors for gesture recognition in human–computer interaction

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The European Physical Journal special Topics 2025年 1-11页

作者： Chen, Guanzheng Zhang, Xin Sun, Zeng Luo, Xuanzi Fang, Guoqing Wu, Huaping Cheng, Lin Liu, Aiping Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Quantum State Control and Optical Field Manipulation Department of Physics Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Hangzhou China Key Laboratory of Special Purpose Equipment and Advanced Processing Technology Ministry of Education and Zhejiang Province College of Mechanical Engineering Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou China

Flexible strain sensors are crucial for advancing human–computer interaction (HCI) technologies, especially in applications that require precise and adaptive sensing capabilities. In this study, we use polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as the substrate material to construct sandwich-structured flexible strain sensors, incorporating a CNT/PDMS conductive polymer (CP) layer between two cross-positioned PDMS-transferred laser-induced graphene (LIG) strips (PL). The sandwich-structured PL/CP/PL sensor exhibits excellent flexibility, structural stability, and component compatibility, effectively enabling the detection of tensile, compressive, and bending strains while overcoming the limitations of single-layer strain sensors and facilitating the measurement of two-dimensional directional forces. Leveraging these capabilities, we apply the sensor to sign language recognition and develop a gesture-based HCI system that utilizes Morse and binary codes to enable intuitive, intelligent communication with the sensors. This advancement holds significant potential to enhance user experience and operational efficiency in virtual reality environments, coded communications systems, and robotics.

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Trajectory optimization of the center-inlet elastic polishing tool for uniform material removal and mid-spatial frequency error suppression on optical elements

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Precision Engineering 2025年 95卷 272-285页

作者： Jin, Mingsheng Jin, Minglei Dong, Xiaoxing Li, Yan Tang, Xuan College of Mechanical Engineering Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou310023 China Key Laboratory of Special Purpose Equipment and Advanced Processing Technology Ministry of Education and Zhejiang Province Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou310023 China College of Information Science and Engineering Jiaxing University Jiaxing314001 China

To acquire uniform material removal and suppress mid-spatial frequency error of optical elements applied to laser devices, this paper proposed a combined processing scheme based on the center-inlet elastic polishing tool, which is an important component in the computer controlled optical surfacing process. Considering the special structure of the polishing tool, a material removal model under a continuous feed state was established. Trajectory optimization strategy integrating path distance analysis with a novel layered reshaping method was proposed. The optimized path distance significantly enhances material removal uniformity, while the proposed depth-controlled layered reshaping effectively suppresses mid-spatial frequency error caused by excessive path repetition. In addition, a high-precision offline simulation platform demonstrating exceptional predictive capability was established, which achieved less than 10 % deviation between simulated and experimental removal profiles. The experimental results show that the surface roughness Sa and Ra of the samples were improved by 89.4 % and 94.9 % through the combined processing scheme, respectively, while the curve of PSD decreased obviously, which indicates that the mid-spatial frequency error was effectively suppressed. The demonstrated consistency between simulation predictions and physical processing outcomes establishes a valuable reference for precision optical elements’ process optimization. © 2025 Elsevier Inc.

关键词： Stripping (removal)

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Engineering design of feedstock powder and relevant thermal-mechanical performance of thermal/environmental barrier coatings

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Journal of advanced Ceramics 2025年第2期14卷 37-56页

作者： Xinchang Feng Fangwei Guo Lirong Luo Yuzhang Wang Yun Long Xiaofeng Zhao Fei Pan Lei Guo Qingfeng Zeng Jing Feng Chunlei Wan Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced High-temperature Materials and Precision Forming School of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China National Engineering Research Center of Special Equipment and Power System for Ship and Marine Engineering Shanghai 200030China School of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Nuclear Energy Technology Nuclear Power Institute of ChinaChengdu 610213China Innovative Sensor Technology IST AG Ebnat-Kappel 9642Switzerland School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Tianmushan Laboratory Hangzhou 311115China School of Materials Science and Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650093China State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing School of Materials Science and EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

The development of aeroengine with a high thrust-weight ratio poses great challenges for current top-coating thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) and environmental barrier coatings (EBCs) in service. Medium/high-entropy ceramics are highly promising candidate material for advanced TBCs/EBCs owing to their low thermal conductivity, high melting point, high-temperature stability, and calcium–magnesium–alumino–silicate (CMAS) resistance. Most feedstock powder used for medium/high-entropy TBCs/EBCs is prepared via traditional spray drying, which cannot fully exploit the advantages of multicomponent ceramics. The density, sphericity, inner structure, and flowability of feedstock powder affect their melting state during the thermal spraying process, which strongly affects the microstructure and properties of the deposited coatings. Therefore, the deposited coatings exhibit phase segregation, amorphous phases, and microstructure defects owing to unpredictable variations in feedstock powder with random morphologies and structures. Here, the structure and properties of feedstock powder prepared by state-of-the-art granulation technologies and their influences on the deposited coatings were systematically investigated, which can provide guidance for configuration optimization of feedstock powder and the manufacturing accuracy of the deposited coating. This review aims to bridge the gap between cutting-edge ceramics and advanced engineering technologies, thus providing concrete background knowledge and crucial guidelines for designing and developing TBCs/EBCs.

关键词： thermal/environmental barrier coatings(TBCs/EBCs) spraying ceramic powder multiscale structure control high-entropy ceramics thermal-mechanical performance

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