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Risk-Targeted Design Spectra for Uniform Risk Seismic Design

Seismological Research Letters 2025年第3期96卷 1820-1833页

作者： Wang, Cong Lu, Da-Gang Key Laboratory of Building Structural Retrofitting and Underground Space Engineering Ministry of Education Shandong Jianzhu University Jinan China Key Laboratory of Structural Dynamic Behaviors and Control Ministry of Education Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China

The uniform hazard response spectrum only considers the seismic hazard of a site, without taking into account the seismic fragility of the structure. As a result, structures designed based on this spectrum may exhibit varying levels of collapse risk under earthquakes in different regions. To this end, first, various cases are employed to determine a first-order approximation of the seismic hazard function H(x), followed by a validation of its rationality. Subsequently, with the objective of achieving uniform collapse risk, considering both seismic hazard and structural fragility, single anchor point, double anchor points, and multiple anchor points methods are proposed to construct the risk-targeted seismic design spectra for frequent earthquake (FE), design basis earthquake (DBE), maximum considered earthquake (MCE), and very rare earthquake (VRE). Furthermore, a comprehensive study is conducted to analyze the risk-targeted seismic design spectra corresponding to different seismic design levels, site classes, and characteristic periods constructed using the multiple anchor points method. In addition, a comparative analysis is conducted on the risk-targeted seismic design spectra constructed using different methods. The study indicates that determining H(x) based on DBE and VRE is reasonable, and the relative difference between the risk-targeted ground motion (RTGM) derived from this case and the RTGM obtained by determining H(x) based on probabilistic seismic hazard analysis is within 4%. The risk-targeted seismic design spectra constructed using three different methods show overall similarity. The single anchor point method offers simplicity in calculations and ensures that the uniform risk seismic design spectrum aligns with the uniform hazard seismic design spectrum in terms of spectral shape. Although the multiple anchor points method involves increased computational effort, it allows for the consideration of seismic hazard at multiple periods. © Seismological

关键词： Risk assessment

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Seismic fragility analysis of three-tower cable-stayed bridges with different connection configurations

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2024年第4期23卷 1009-1027页

作者： Chen Chen Liu Jinlong Lin Junqi Li Suchao Key Laboratory of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration Institute of Engineering MechanicsChina Earthquake AdministrationHarbin 150080China Key Laboratory of Earthquake Disaster Mitigation Ministry of Emergency ManagementHarbin 150080China Key Laboratory of Structural Dynamic Behavior and Control Ministry of EducationHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150090China

Seismic fragility analysis of three-tower cable-stayed bridges with three different structural systems,including rigid system(RS),floating system(FS),and passive energy dissipation system(PEDS),is conducted to study the effects of connection configurations on seismic responses and *** element models of bridges are established using OpenSees.A new ground motion screening method based on the statistical characteristic of the predominant period is proposed to avoid irregular behavior in the selection process of ground motions,and incremental dynamic analysis(IDA)is performed to develop components and systems fragility *** effects of damper failure on calculated results for PEDS are examined in terms of seismic response and fragility *** results show that the bridge tower is the most affected component by different structural *** RS,the fragility of the middle tower is significantly higher than other components,and the bridge failure starts from the middle tower,exhibiting a characteristic of local *** FS and PEDS,the fragility of the edge tower is higher than the middle *** system fragility of RS is higher than FS and *** the failure of dampers into account is necessary to obtain reliable seismic capacity of cable-stayed bridges.

关键词： seismic fragility cable-stayed bridge connection configuration viscous damper comparison analysis

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Risk assessment of spatially distributed assets with generalized seismic fragility models based on machine learning

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Soil dynamics and Earthquake Engineering 2025年 198卷

作者： Ding, Jia-Wei Lu, Da-Gang Cao, Zheng-Gang Key Lab of Structural Dynamic Behaviors and Control of the Ministry of Education Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin150090 China

Urban areas consist of a diverse array of spatially distributed assets, encompassing both infrastructure systems and portfolio buildings, both of which are crucial to enhancing the sustainability and resilience of urban. Addressing the seismic risk within such settings requires a nuanced approach that considers the spatial distribution of assets and the correlation among ground motion intensity measures (GMIMs). This study undertakes finite element modeling of different structural types. Recognizing the distinct sensitivities of GMIMs to these structural types, 5 machine learning (ML) methods are implemented to construct prediction models for seismic responses based on 24 GMIMs. The generalized fragility model and vulnerability model are developed for different structural types. Moreover, the spatial cross-correlation of 24 GMIMs is integrated into a loss assessment framework using geostatistical techniques and principal component analysis. A virtual city is taken as a case study, demonstrating that the generalized fragility model based on ML enhances the accuracy of regional loss assessment and improves traffic connectivity reliability compared to traditional fragility models that consider a single GMIM. In summary, this study presents a comprehensive framework for regional seismic risk assessment, leveraging ML alongside spatial analysis to enhance prediction accuracy and reliability, thus offering valuable insights for urban planning and disaster mitigation efforts. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Seismic response

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Spatial Correlation of Intensity Measures of Mainshock-Aftershock Ground Motion Sequence Pairs

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Ding, Jiawei Lu, Dagang Cao, Zheng-Gang School of Civil Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China Key Lab of Structural Dynamic Behaviors and Control The Ministry of Education Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin150090 China Key Lab of Smart Prevention and Mitigation of Civil Engineering Disasters The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin150090 China Key Laboratory of Earthquake Disaster Mitigation The Ministry of Emergency Management Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin150090 China

This manuscript examines spatial correlations among ground motion intensity measures (IMs) for mainshock and aftershock, including spectral acceleration (Sa), peak ground acceleration (PGA), peak ground velocity (PGV), cumulative absolute velocity (CAV), Arias intensity (Ia), significant duration parameters (Ds5-75, Ds5-95), using a suite of 662 mainshock-aftershock ground motion sequence pairs from 13 earthquake sequences in the NGA-West2 ground motion database based on geostatistical tools. Univariate and multivariate normality of intraevent residuals of IMs for the mainshock and aftershock are verified. We proposed Adaptive Weighted Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm—Inverse Distance Weighting (AWPSO-IDW) fitting method and use the exponential semivariogram model to fit the empirical semivariogram. An improved Monte Carlo random simulation procedure is used to evaluate the stability of the estimation and several fitting methods used in past research. The results show AWPSO-IDW fitting method is more stable and reliable than other methods, and the results show that the spatial correlation range between the mainshock-aftershock ground motions sequence pairs at different periods of spectral acceleration has a similar trend, only have differences in individual spectral acceleration periods, and the model proposed by Jayaram and Baker (2009) has been improved. Finally, this manuscript employs the spatial correlation range between the mainshock and the aftershock to generate an independent regional spatial correlation influence field. It further constructs the conditional generation of the aftershock spatial correlation influence field, considering the known mainshock spatial correlation influence field. This is achieved by adopting multivariate conditional normal characteristics between intensity measures (IMs) for both mainshocks and aftershocks. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Monte Carlo methods

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Seismic spatiotemporal assessment of indoor occupant casualties in regional buildings: A Bayesian network approach incorporating population density dynamics

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction 2025年 126卷

作者： Ding, Jia-Wei Lu, Da-Gang Dong, Yao School of Civil Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China Key Lab of Structural Dynamic Behaviors and Control of the Ministry of Education Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150090 China

In the context of rapid population growth and accelerated urbanization, the impact of earthquake disasters has intensified, making human casualties a critical concern. Accurate prediction of earthquake-induced casualties is essential for developing emergency response strategies, optimizing rescue resource allocation, and facilitating post-earthquake decision-making. This study employs a Bayesian Networks (BNs) model to systematically integrate information on both structural and non-structural components, as well as social factors, to construct a multifactorial assessment framework. This framework accurately estimates the probability of indoor occupants' life safety status during an earthquake. It considers the effect of population density, escape capability and rescue efficiency on individual safety and develops life safety status fragility surface with ground motion intensity measures and population density. Monte Carlo simulation is utilized to enable real-time prediction of indoor occupant life safety status within a single building structure. The study further extends to regional scale by incorporating the spatial correlation of ground motion intensity measures. This innovation facilitates a dynamic, spatiotemporal assessment of life safety status within a regional building portfolio. The findings highlight the critical role of ground motion intensity measures and population density in assessing indoor occupant casualties. By dynamically monitoring population distribution and real-time updating of ground motion intensity measures, the assessment framework proposed in this study can effectively enhance the accuracy and efficiency of earthquake disaster emergency response, providing a reliable scientific basis for government departments to facilitate rapid rescue operations and optimize resource allocation in the aftermath of an earthquake. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Bayesian networks Building portfolio Fragility surface Indoor occupant casualties Population density

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dynamic Characteristics and Force Analysis of Box Girder Under Tsunami Action Based On Level-Set Method

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Niu, Shilei Liu, Zhongxiang Guo, Tong Guo, Anxin Liu, Aimin School of Transportation Southeast University Nanjing210096 China Key Laboratory of Concrete and Prestressed Concrete Structures School of Civil Engineering Southeast University Nanjing210096 China Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory of Structural Dynamic Behavior and Control School of Civil Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin150090 China China Energy Engineering Group Jiangsu No.1 Electric Power Construction Co. Ltd. Nanjing210001 China

Tsunamis pose significant threats to the safety of sea-crossing bridges. Understanding the dynamics of wave forces and girder responses during tsunami events is crucial for ensuring their safe maintenance. In this research, a 2D numerical flume with solitary waves was utilized to simulate tsunamis. The level-set method was used for the treatment of fluid-solid interface and free surface. The interaction between the tsunami and the bridge girder was replicated through real-time data exchange between the fluid and a spring-mass-damper system. Subsequently, the hydrodynamic behaviors of the fluid surrounding the box girder and the structural responses of the girder under tsunami conditions were examined through parametric analysis. Findings suggest that tsunami with larger wave height interacts with box girder for longer duration. The maximum resistance and moment occur at the instant when the fluid acts on the top plate. Considering fluid-structure interaction and bearing constraints, increasing bearing stiffness results in substantial reductions (79.28%~85.32%) in girder displacement. Additionally, the maximum horizontal displacement of the unsubmerged box girder exceeds that of the submerged state by 2.04mm. Moreover, horizontal forces on the box girder decrease by 19.25%~45.30%, while maximum horizontal compression and tension on the wave-facing side bearing decrease by 10.7%~14.8% and 25.7%~29.9%, respectively. The maximum compression is approximately 2.68~3.34 times the maximum tension. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Numerical methods

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Compressive sensing of images for automatic crack segmentation based on generative adversarial network 10

Compressive sensing of images for automatic crack segmentati...

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10th International Conference on structural Health Monitoring of Intelligent Infrastructure, SHMII 2021

作者： Zhang, Haoyu Huang, Yong Wu, Stephen Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Structural Dynamic Behavior and Control School of Civil Eng. Harbin Institute of Technology Heilongjiang Harbin150090 China Research Organization of Information and Systems The Institute of Statistical Mathematics 10-3 Midori-cho Tachikawa Tokyo190-8562 Japan

In a structural health monitoring (SHM) system that uses digital cameras to monitor cracks of structural surfaces, techniques for reliable and effective data compression are essential to ensure a stable and energy-efficient transmission of crack images in wireless sensing platforms such as drones and wall-climbing robots. Compressive sensing (CS) is a powerful signal processing technique, using the sparsity regularization. It allows accurate recovery of a signal from a sampling rate much smaller than the limitation of the Nyquist sampling theorem. Its hardware implementation allows down sampling of signals during the sensing process. Hence, CS methods can achieve significant energy saving for the wireless sensing devices. However, for the reconstruction of traditional CS methods, the strong assumption of the signals being highly sparse under certain bases is relatively hard to guarantee for many structural crack images. Generative adversarial network (GAN) has powerful capability to learn features of targeted images and is able to effectively capture low-dimensional representations of high-dimensional images. By exploiting the dimensionality reduction effect of GAN, we present a new approach of CS that replaces the sparsity regularization with a GAN model. Based on this new CS method, we developed a recovery framework of compressed crack images for automatic crack segmentation, in which crack images are reconstructed by directly optimizing the low dimension representation learned by GAN. In our experiments, taking advantage of the strong capability of GAN to capture the necessary features required for the crack segmentation task in compressed image data, we demonstrated the remarkable reconstruction precision, calculation speed and robustness toward noise of our recovery framework, even though the backgrounds of images are not well reconstructed. © 2021 International Conference on structural Health Monitoring of Intelligent Infrastructure: Transferring Research into

关键词： structural health monitoring

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Effects of air relief openings on the mitigation of solitary wave forces on bridge decks

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2019年第3期31卷 594-602页

作者： Sheng-chao Xiao An-xin Guo Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory of Structural Dynamic Behavior and Control School of Civil Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150090 China Department of Civil Engineering The University of Queensland Brisbane 4072 Australia

For inverted T-type bridge decks, the air entrapped in the chambers between adjacent girders could increase the wave forces and lead to the destruction of the bridge decks. This paper studies the effects of the air relief openings (ARO) on the mitigation of the solitary wave-induced forces on the bridge decks. Hydrodynamic experiments are conducted for three inverted T-type decks with four, five, and six girders with different wave properties and deck clearances. The open source computational fluid dynamics toolbox OpenFOAM is adopted to conduct numerical simulations for the effects of the AROs. Since the numerical results correlate well with the measurements, the mechanism of the wave-structure interaction can be revealed by the numerical flow fields. Furthermore, the relationship between the shape and the volume of the ARO and the wave forces on the bridge decks, as well as the contribution of each ARO to the effect of the wave force mitigation, is also obtained from the numerical results of the OpenFOAM. Experimental and numerical results demonstrate that the AROs could effectively reduce the vertical wave forces on the bridge decks. The effects of the AROs increase with the increase of the volume of the ARO, while the shape of the ARO has no effect on the reduction of the wave forces.

关键词： Air entrapped hydrodynamic experiment solitary wave forces bridge decks OpenFOAM

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structural strength deterioration of coastal bridge piers considering non-uniform corrosion in marine environments

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2018年第2期17卷 429-444页

作者： Guo Anxin Yuan Wenting Li Haitao Li Hui Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Structural Dynamic Behavior and Control School of Civil Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology

In the aggressive marine environment over a long-term service period,coastal bridges inevitably sustain corrosion-induced damage due to high sea salt and *** paper investigates the strength reduction of coastal bridges,especially focusing on the effects of non-uniform corrosion along the height of bridge ***,the corrosion initiation time and the degradation of reinforcement and concrete are analyzed for bridge piers in marine *** investigate the various damage modes of the concrete cover,a discretization method with fiber cells is used for calculating time-dependent interaction diagrams of cross-sections of the bridge piers at the atmospheric zone and the splash and tidal zone under a combination of axial force and bending ***,the shear strength of these aging structures is *** simulation indicates that the strength of a concrete pier experiences dramatic reduction from corrosion initiation to the spalling of the concrete *** loss in the splash and tidal zone is more significant than in the atmospheric zone when structures’service time is assumed to be the same.

关键词： Coastal bridge strength deterioration marine environment non-uniform corrosion interaction diagram

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Progressive collapse mechanism of three-dimensional self-centering precast concrete frame with infill walls and slabs

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Engineering Failure Analysis 2025年 179卷

作者： Haoran Wang Shuang Li Feng Lin School of Civil Engineering Shenyang Jianzhu University Shenyang 110168 China Key Lab of Structures Dynamic Behavior and Control of the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Smart Prevention and Mitigation of Civil Engineering Disasters of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150090 China Department of Structural Engineering Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China Key Laboratory of Performance Evolution and Control for Engineering Structures of Ministry of Education Shanghai 200092 China

In this study, the effects of infill walls and slabs on the progressive collapse resistance of three-dimension (3D) self-centering precast concrete (PC) frame under corner column failure, middle column failure and internal column failure scenarios were numerically investigated. Based on the verified numerical modeling methods, the failure modes and collapse mechanism of twelve 3D self-centering PC frames were analyzed. The results indicated that the number of spans connected to the failure column will directly influence the progressive collapse resisting-capacity of 3D self-centering PC frames. Compared with slabs, infill walls improved the progressive collapse resistance of 3D self-centering PC frame more obviously. For failure span with small aspect ratio, the presence of infill walls and slabs did not alter the failure mode of the structure. With the aspect ratio of the failure span increased, for 3D self-centering infilled PC frame, the stronger constraint of surrounding frame enhanced the overall stiffness of the infill walls, resulting in a change in the failure mode of the frame. When the slab was arranged, since the larger stiffness of the slabs improved the shear capacity of the beam section, the main concrete damage were still concentrated at the beam ends. A simplified calculation method considering the resistance contribution of structural and non-structural members was proposed to predict the vertical resistance of 3D self-centering PC frame structures under different failure column scenarios in the compressive arch action (CAA) stage.

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