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Experimental research on wind pressure distribution of cooling towers

Gongcheng Lixue/Engineering Mechanics 2017年 34卷 269-272页

作者： Tian, Kai-Qiang Qin, Qi-Wei Zheng, Yun-Fei Liu, Qing-Kuan Liu, Xiao-Bing Ma, Wen-Yong School of Civil Engineering Shijiazhuang Tiedao University Shijiazhuang050043 China Structural Health Monitoring and Control Institute Shijiazhuang Tiedao University Shijiazhuang050043 China Hebei Province Key Lab of Structural Health Monitoring and Control Shijiazhuang050043 China

To study the influence of the roughness of cooling tower surface on the flow characteristics, a rigid model of a hyperbolic cooling tower covered with wallpaper was measured in a wind tunnel. The wallpaper was selected by comparing the tested pressure distribution at throat position with that of the load code. Then we studied the wind pressure distribution on the entire model that is covered with the selected wallpaper. The results show that the largest pressure appeared at the throat position. Drag coefficient exceeded the standard value, and was larger at both ends than that in the middle. Mean and fluctuating wind pressure distribution at the edges of the cooling tower shows a significant three-dimensional effect. For cooling tower wind resistance design, it is necessary to focus on the reinforcement of edges. © 2017, Engineering Mechanics Press. All right reserved.

关键词： Reynolds number

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Correction to: 2021 Taxonomic update of phylum Negarnaviricota (Riboviria: Orthornavirae), including the large orders Bunyavirales and Mononegavirales

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Archives of virology 2021年第12期166卷 3567-3579页

作者： Jens H Kuhn Scott Adkins Bernard R Agwanda Rim Al Kubrusli Sergey V Alkhovsky Gaya K Amarasinghe Tatjana Avšič-Županc María A Ayllón Justin Bahl Anne Balkema-Buschmann Matthew J Ballinger Christopher F Basler Sina Bavari Martin Beer Nicolas Bejerman Andrew J Bennett Dennis A Bente Éric Bergeron Brian H Bird Carol D Blair Kim R Blasdell Dag-Ragnar Blystad Jamie Bojko Wayne B Borth Steven Bradfute Rachel Breyta Thomas Briese Paul A Brown Judith K Brown Ursula J Buchholz Michael J Buchmeier Alexander Bukreyev Felicity Burt Carmen Büttner Charles H Calisher Mengji Cao Inmaculada Casas Kartik Chandran Rémi N Charrel Qi Cheng Yuya Chiaki Marco Chiapello Il-Ryong Choi Marina Ciuffo J Christopher S Clegg Ian Crozier Elena Dal Bó Juan Carlos de la Torre Xavier de Lamballerie Rik L de Swart Humberto Debat Nolwenn M Dheilly Emiliano Di Cicco Nicholas Di Paola Francesco Di Serio Ralf G Dietzgen Michele Digiaro Olga Dolnik Michael A Drebot J Felix Drexler William G Dundon W Paul Duprex Ralf Dürrwald John M Dye Andrew J Easton Hideki Ebihara Toufic Elbeaino Koray Ergünay Hugh W Ferguson Anthony R Fooks Marco Forgia Pierre B H Formenty Jana Fránová Juliana Freitas-Astúa Jingjing Fu Stephanie Fürl Selma Gago-Zachert George Fú Gāo María Laura García Adolfo García-Sastre Aura R Garrison Thomas Gaskin Jean-Paul J Gonzalez Anthony Griffiths Tony L Goldberg Martin H Groschup Stephan Günther Roy A Hall John Hammond Tong Han Jussi Hepojoki Roger Hewson Jiang Hong Ni Hong Seiji Hongo Masayuki Horie John S Hu Tao Hu Holly R Hughes Florian Hüttner Timothy H Hyndman M Ilyas Risto Jalkanen Dàohóng Jiāng Gilda B Jonson Sandra Junglen Fujio Kadono Karia H Kaukinen Michael Kawate Boris Klempa Jonas Klingström Gary Kobinger Igor Koloniuk Hideki Kondō Eugene V Koonin Mart Krupovic Kenji Kubota Gael Kurath Lies Laenen Amy J Lambert Stanley L Langevin Benhur Lee Elliot J Lefkowitz Eric M Leroy Shaorong Li Longhui Li Jiànróng Lǐ Huazhen Liu Igor S Lukashevich Piet Maes William Marciel de Souza Marco Marklewitz Sergio H Marshall Shin-Yi L Marzano Se Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases National Institutes of Health Frederick MD USA. kuhnjens@mail.nih.gov. United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service US Horticultural Research Laboratory Fort Pierce FL USA. Zoology Department National Museums of Kenya Nairobi Kenya. Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture & Technology Nairobi Kenya. Division Phytomedicine Faculty of Life Sciences Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Berlin Germany. D.I. Ivanovsky Institute of Virology of N.F. Gamaleya National Center on Epidemiology and Microbiology of Ministry of Health of Russian Federation Moscow Russia. Department of Pathology and Immunology Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis MO USA. Faculty of Medicine University of Ljubljana Ljubljana Slovenia. Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas Universidad Politécnica de Madrid-Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria Campus de Montegancedo Pozuelo de Alarcón Madrid Spain. Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica Alimentaria y de Biosistemas Universidad Politécnica de Madrid Madrid Spain. Center for Ecology of Infectious Diseases Department of Infectious Diseases Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Insitute of Bioinformatics University of Georgia Athens GA USA. Institute of Novel and Emerging Infectious Diseases Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut Federal Research Institute for Animal Health Greifswald-Insel Riems Germany. Department of Biological Sciences Mississippi State University Mississippi State MS USA. Center for Microbial Pathogenesis Institute for Biomedical Sciences Georgia State University Atlanta GA USA. Edge BioInnovation Consulting and Mgt Frederick MD USA. Institute of Diagnostic Virology Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut Greifswald-Insel Riems Germany. UFyMA INTA-CONICET Cordoba Argentina. Genomics and Bioinformatics D

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Experimental study on wind pressure distribution and wind-induced interference effects on long-span spherical structure

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Jianzhu Jiegou Xuebao/Journal of Building Structures 2016年第10期37卷 140-146页

作者： Liu, Qingkuan Lu, Zhaoliang Zheng, Yunfei Ma, Wenyong Liu, Xiaobing Structural Health Monitoring and Control Institute Shijiazhuang Tiedao University Shijiazhuang050043 China Key Laboratory for Structure Health Monitoring and Control in Hebei Province Shijiazhuang050043 China School of Civil Engineering Shijiazhuang Tiedao University Shijiazhuang050043 China

Spherical shell structure is very sensitive to wind loads. The wind load is one of the most important loads in structural design. By wind tunnel tests, simultaneous multi-pressure measurement on surface of spherical shell structure was carried out under different conditions to study the characteristics of wind load distribution and wind-induced interference effects. Results show that opened and closed sunroofs have significant effect on wind pressure distribution on the outer surface of the structure in partial region, especially, leeward side. For the inner surface of the structure, wind pressure become small when sunroof is closed, which is safe for the outer structure. Coal dump has no effect on wind pressure distribution along wind direction, while in cross wind direction it has effect. Different relative positions of adjacent structures have certain influence on wind-induced interference effects and different regions have different effects. © 2016, Editorial Office of Journal of Building Structures. All right reserved.

关键词： Wind stress

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Experimental study on helical line parameters and rain-wind induced vibration control of stay-cables

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Gongcheng Lixue/Engineering Mechanics 2016年第10期33卷 138-144页

作者： Liu, Qing-Kuan Zheng, Yun-Fei Zhao, Shan-Bo Ma, Wen-Yong Liu, Xiao-Bing Chen, Jin-Jie Wind Engineering Research Center Shijiazhuang Tiedao University Shijiazhuang050043 China Hebei Province Key Lab of Structural Health Monitoring and Control Shijiazhuang050043 China

Helical lines are often used to control rain-wind induced cable vibration. Wind tunnel tests were carried out to obtain optimized parameters of helical line, and vibration control effects were analysed for helical line with different parameters including diameter, single or double twine around way, space, when they are twined around different cable model (the diameter is 90 mm, 110 mm, 155 mm, 160 mm respectively). Results show that for same helical line space, vibration control effect becomes better when helical line diameter becomes large;while for same helical line diameter, vibration control effect becomes better when helical line space becomes small;and for same helical line diameter and twine around way, helical line space needs to be small when cable diameter becomes large. Helical line parameters for different cable diameter to control cable vibration were provided. To choose appropriate helical line parameters, main factors, including cable diameter, surface roughness, production and erection procedures, should be considered synthetically. © 2016, Engineering Mechanics Press. All right reserved.

关键词： Wind tunnels

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Numerical calculation of flow over circular cylinder at high supercritical Reynolds number

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Gongcheng Lixue/Engineering Mechanics 2016年 33卷 18-22and28页

作者： Qin, Qi-Wei Liu, Xiao-Bing Liu, Qing-Kuan Shijiazhuang Tiedao University Shijiazhuang050043 China Hebei Province Key Lab of Structural Health Monitoring and Control Shijiazhuang050043 China

There are many engineering structures with circular sections. At regular wind speed, the Reynolds number of these structures can reach 107 or more which falls into high supercritical Reynolds number region. However, researches on circular cylinder in this region are few. Based on this situation, the wind load of a single circular cylinder of 5 meters in diameter is studied by numerical calculation. The computational domain, number of circumjacent grid, height of the first normal layer grid and computational time step are examined. The drag coefficient and the flow field distribution around the circular cylinder are obtained. © 2016, Engineering Mechanics Press. All right reserved.

关键词： Reynolds number

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Analysis on GPR echo signal enhancement algorithm based on subspace sparsity deconvolution

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Journal of Engineering Science and Technology Review 2016年第6期9卷 43-51页

作者： Yong, Yang Yanliang, Du Weigang, Zhao Baoxian, Wang Hao, Zhao School of Mechanical Electronic and Control Engineering Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing100044 China The Key Laboratory for Health Monitoring and Control of Large Structures in Hebei Province Shijiazhuang Tiedao University Shijiazhuang050043 China Department of Urban and Civil Engineering Ibaraki University Hitachi316-8511 Japan

Strong reflection interference of rebar is the main barrier against ground-penetrating radar (GPR) detection of internal diseases in reinforced concrete structure. Deconvolution can strengthen GPR echo data through acquiring structural layer data. However, existing deconvolution echo signal processing algorithms cannot be applied to process the GPR echo data because of the hypothesis that the wavelet is in the minimum phase system, which is inconsistent with the attenuation of GPR wavelet during two-way travel time. To resolve this problem, a new subspace sparsity deconvolution algorithm was proposed in this paper to enhance the echo signal of rebar lower diseases. A wavelet signal attenuation model of layered structure was firstly established to analyse the influencing factors of disease echo signal attenuation under different conditions. On this basis, the sparsity deconvolution algorithm based on wavelet iteration was placed to enhance GPR echo signal quickly by using the constraint condition of subspace errors. The processing of GPR forward simulation data also reveals that the proposed algorithm can inhibit noises effectively and acquire layer information from the concrete structure when the local signal-to-noise ratio is larger than -19.7dB. The proposed algorithm is clearly superior to the existing automatic gain control algorithm with respect to the echo enhancement effect of GPR. Results show that this method overcomes the minimum phase restriction of deconvolution and it is of great significance to detect and recognize inter-layer diseases of high-speed railway ballastless tracks. © 2016 Eastern Macedonia and Thrace Institute of Technology. All rights reserved.

关键词： Concrete construction

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A Novel Rough-Surface Direct Wave Suppression Algorithm b ased on Energy Adaptive Analysis

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Journal of Engineering Science and Technology Review 2016年第4期9卷 202-208页

作者： Yong, Yang Weigang, Zhao Yanliang, Du Hao, Zhang School of Mechanical Electronic and Control Engineering Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing100044 China The Key Laboratory for Health Monitoring and Control of Large Structures in Hebei Province Shijiazhuang Tiedao University Shijiazhuang050043 China Department of Urban & Civil Engineering Ibaraki University Hitachi 316-8511 Japan

As a nondestructive testing technology, ground penetrating radar (GPR) is widely used in the detection and recognition of high-speed railway subgrade diseases. Rough-surface direct wave suppression caused by locomotive vibration and subgrade irregularity is a challenge in the GPR signal process. Flat-surface assumption makes traditional method difficult to apply directly to the rough terrain environment. To remove rough-surface direct wave and improve the signal-to-noise ratio, a new adaptive algorithm is proposed in this paper. First, according to the characteristic of electromagnetic wave propagation, the echo model of GPR was constructed, and the composition of ground radar echo signal was analyzed. Next, the eigenvalue and eigenvector of the echo signal and ground direct wave were studied. With the increase of relative permittivity, the energy eigenvector of direct wave and echo signal converged to the same vector space. On this basis, a rough-surface direct wave suppression framework based on energy feature adaptive analysis was proposed. Finally, a numerical simulation and field experiment were carried out to verify the feasibility of the algorithm. Results showed that the algorithm effectively suppresses the rough ground direct wave, and the processing result preserves the target echo more completely. Without intervention, this method can be applied in automatic direct wave suppression, which will promote the development of automatic identification technology in the detection of railway subgrade diseases. © 2016. Eastern Macedonia and Thrace Institute of Technology. All rights reserved.

关键词： Vector spaces

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Union self-compensated packaging of FBG strain sensor

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Optoelectronics Letters 2014年第1期10卷 30-33页

作者：李剑芝孙宝臣杜彦良 Key Laboratory of Structural Health Monitoring and Control in Hebei Province Shijiazhuang Tiedao University

To solve the cross-sensitivity to temperature of fiber Bragg grating(FBG)strain sensor,an effective method is firstly proposed for the discrimination of strain and temperature by using a single FBG adopting a special compensated structure,which is based on the thermal *** relationship of strain and temperature responses of FBG is analyzed *** experimental results are in agreement with the obtained theoretical *** sensor structure has excellent characteristics,such as simple structure,easy manufacture and higher strain sensitivity.

关键词：光纤光栅应变传感器自补偿光纤布喇格光栅补偿结构包装联盟温度响应交叉灵敏度

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Structure crack monitoring based on long-gauge FBG sensor 2nd

Structure crack monitoring based on long-gauge FBG sensor

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2nd International Conference of structural health monitoring and Integrity Management, ICSHMIM 2014

作者： Zhang, Wentao Li, Fang Lin, Huang Ce, Bian Xu, Hongbin Du, Yanliang Optoelectronic System Laboratory Institute of Semiconductors Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Graduate School of Shijiazhuang Tiedao University Shijiazhuang China Key Lab of Structure Health Monitoring and Control of Hebei Province Shijiazhuang Tiedao University Shijiazhuang China

ISBN: (纸本)9781138027763

Crack detection is very important for long-term large-scale structural health monitoring (SHM). Fiber optic sensor has been approved to have good performance in application in SHM. In this paper, we present a novel method to monitor the crack by using long-gauge FBG sensor. A FBG with a gauge length of 50 mm is fabricated. When the crack pass through the FBG, the reflect spectrum of FBG will be expanded or chipped. Different position of the crack will result in different shape of the spectrum. By analyzing the characteristics of the spectrum, the position of the crack can be detected and the opening width of the crack can be estimated. © 2015 Taylor & Francis Group, London.

关键词： structural health monitoring

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Analytical Solutions of Cracks Emanating from an Elliptic Hole in an Infinite Plate under Tension

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2014年第5期27卷 1057-1063页

作者： LIU Shuhong DUAN Shijie Department of Engineering Mechanics Shijiazhuang Tiedao University The Key Laboratory for Health Monitoring and Control of Large Structures of Hebei Province Department of Adult Education Shijiazhuang Tiedao University

It is a common phenomenon that the cracks originating from a hole can cause structural damage in ***,the fracture mechanics studies of hole edge crack problems are not *** problem of an elliptical hole with two collinear edge cracks of unequal length in an infinite plate under uniform tension at infinity is *** on the complex variable method,the analytical solutions of stress functions and stress intensity factors are *** stress distribution along the axes and the edge of the elliptical hole is given *** numerical results show that there is obvious stress concentration near the hole and cracks,and the stresses tend to applied loads at distances far from the defect,which conform to Saint-Venant’s ***,the stress functions are proved to be *** special conditions,the present configuration becomes the Griffith crack,two symmetrical cracks emanating from an elliptical hole,two cracks of unequal length emanating from a circular hole,a crack at the edge of a circular hole,or a crack emanating from an elliptical *** with available results,stress intensity factors for these special shapes of ellipses and cracks show good *** stress intensity factor for two cracks of unequal length at the edge of an elliptical hole increases with the crack length and the major-to-minor axis ratio of the elliptical *** stress distribution in an infinite plate containing an elliptic hole with unsymmetrical cracks is given for the first time.

关键词： hole crack stress distribution stress intensity factor

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