Pineapple residue and banana pseudo-stem are waste from tropical agricultural production. Kinetics, thermodynamics, mechanism during pyrolysis of them and valorization of bio-char were explored. Both biomass deco...
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A nationwide survey of organic fertilizer was carried out in China,and 263 samples were collected to be analyzed for maturity indices(moisture content(MC),pH,electrical conductivity(EC),E4/E6,and germination index(GI)...
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A nationwide survey of organic fertilizer was carried out in China,and 263 samples were collected to be analyzed for maturity indices(moisture content(MC),pH,electrical conductivity(EC),E4/E6,and germination index(GI))and 7 heavy metals(Cu,Zn,Cd,Pb,Cr,As and Ni).The MC,pH,EC,E4/E6 and GI showed large variations among the organic fertilizer samples with ranges of 6.9%-66.68%,4.40-9.19,0.76-13.38 mS/cm,1.07-9.40,and 10%-150%,*** concentrations of 7 heavy metals(Cu,Zn,Cd,Pb,As,Cr,Ni)were also with large variations at 7.53-580.4,0-2818,0.02-149.3,0(not detected)-1321,0.14-26.9,3.70-1237,and 0(not detected)-214.6 mg/kg dry *** with the limit values of the Chinese standard for organic fertilizers(NY525-2012),9.51%,73.4%,3.19%,and 3.04%of the samples exceeded the limit values of Cd,Pb,As and Cr,*** limits have been set for Cu,Zn and Ni in China,and 35.0%,13.3%and 16.7%of the samples exceeded the Cu,Zn and Ni limits for composts in Germany,*** Carlo simulations indicated that with the continuous application of organic fertilizer,Cu,Zn,Cd,Pb and Cr would accumulate to the risk control standard for soil contamination of agricultural land(GB15618-2018)within a relatively short *** is urgent to establish suitable limits of heavy metals in organic fertilizer in China to control the risk of heavy metal pollution in agricultural land.
Elimination of antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs)in animal manure from concentrated animal feeding operations by thermophilic composting has drawn increasing *** study investigated the effects of sawdust biochar,corn s...
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Elimination of antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs)in animal manure from concentrated animal feeding operations by thermophilic composting has drawn increasing *** study investigated the effects of sawdust biochar,corn stover biochar and peanut hull biochar with three spiked levels on ARGs in swine manure during thermophilic *** ARGs corresponding to four classes of antibiotics(tetracyclines,sulfonamides,macrolides and quinolones)were determined in the composting *** indicated that the ten tested composting groups became fully mature after 30-day thermophilic composting ***,tetO and ermB were reduced in all tested groups;tetC and tetG,tetX,sul1,sul2,ermF,qnrD and aac(6’)-Ib were mostly reduced under low level biochar addition but increased under higher level biochar addition;gyrA increased under medium biochar addition and reduced in other groups;oqxB remained comparatively stable throughout the composting *** addition levels of spiked biochar are more important than types of spiked biochar on the removal of ARGs in the composting *** average removal rates of ARGs in the control group,low,medium and high level biochar addition groups were 0.24 logs,0.52-0.72 logs,-0.52-0.18 logs and-0.19-0.21 logs,*** summary,low level biochar addition could enhance the elimination of studied ARGs in swine manure during the composting process,while medium level biochar addition to the composting piles would increase the risk of ARGs’propagation.
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