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2021 CIE International Conference on Radar, Radar 2021

作者： Lu, Dongdong Tie, Wenjie Lei, Songlin Qiu, Xiaolan Suzhou Aerospace Information Research Institute Laboratory of Spatial Information Intelligent Processing System Suzhou China Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Technology in Geo-spatial Information Processing and Application Systems Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665498142

Deep learning has achieved remarkable results in the field of target detection and recognition. For small targets in images, image pyramid can be used to fuse multi-scale features to improve detection performance. However, when test on remote sensing images, it is found that some important small goals will still be missed. Aiming at the problems of small target detection in remote sensing images, this paper proposes two S2ANet improved network variants based on the attention mechanism for synthetic aperture radar(SAR) payload and optical payload: for SAR images, CBAM(Convolutional Block Attention Module) attention is added to the backbone network to increase the attention of the feature extraction network for small targets in the channel and space dimensions;For optical images, firstly increase the CBAM channel attention and spatial attention in the backbone, secondly, the SE(Squeeze And Excitation) channel attention is added to the input features before the channel dimension fusion of the pyramid structure, then the attention-enhanced targets are fully integrated through up-sampling and horizontal splicing operations to improve the missed alarm rate and recall rate of small remote sensing targets. Finally, a comparative verification was carried out on the constructed airborne KU-band SAR data set and the optical remote sensing aircraft data set composed of some DOTA1.5 and FAIR1M data sets. The experimental results proved that the designed two variant networks can be used for small remote sensing. There have been certain improvements in the missed alarm rate, accuracy rate, and recall rate of the target. © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Radar remote sensing Radar detection Object detection Radar imaging Optical imaging Feature extraction Adaptive optics

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FreqAlign: Excavating Perception-oriented Transferability for Blind Image Quality Assessment from A Frequency Perspective

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Li, Xin Lu, Yiting Chen, Zhibo The CAS Key Laboratory of Technology in Geo-Spatial Information Processing and Application System University of Science and Technology of China Hefei230027 China

Blind Image Quality Assessment (BIQA) is susceptible to poor transferability when the distribution shift occurs, e.g., from synthesis degradation to authentic degradation. To mitigate this, some studies have attempted to design unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA) based schemes for BIQA, which intends to eliminate the domain shift through adversarial-based feature alignment. However, the feature alignment is usually taken at the low-frequency space of features since the global average pooling operation. This ignores the transferable perception knowledge in other frequency components and causes the sub-optimal solution for the UDA of BIQA. To overcome this, from a novel frequency perspective, we propose an effective alignment strategy, i.e., Frequency Alignment (dubbed FreqAlign), to excavate the perception-oriented transferability of BIQA in the frequency space. Concretely, we study what frequency components of features are more proper for perception-oriented alignment. Based on this, we propose to improve the perception-oriented transferability of BIQA by performing feature frequency decomposition and selecting the frequency components that contained the most transferable perception knowledge for alignment. To achieve a stable and effective frequency selection, we further propose the frequency movement with a sliding window to find the optimal frequencies for alignment, which is composed of three strategies, i.e., warm up with pre-training, frequency movement-based selection, and perturbation-based finetuning. Extensive experiments under different domain adaptation settings of BIQA have validated the effectiveness of our proposed method. The code will be released at https://***/lixinustc/Openworld-IQA. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Alignment

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Detection and analysis of landslide geomorphology based on UAV vertical photogrammetry

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第4期21卷 1190-1214页

作者： BI Rui GAN Shu YUAN Xiping LI Kun LI Raobo LUO Weidong CHEN Cheng GAO Sha HU Lin ZHU Zhifu School of Land and Resources Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650093China Plication Engineering Research Center of Spatial Information Surveying and Mapping Technology in Plateau and Mountainous Areas Set by Universities in Yunnan Province Kunming 650093China West Yunnan University of Applied Sciences Key Laboratory of Mountain Real Scene Point Cloud Data Processing and Application for Universities in Yunnan ProvinceDali 671006China

High-resolution landslide images are required for detailed geomorphological analysis in complex topographic environment with steep and vertical landslide *** study proposed a vertical route planning method for unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs),which could achieve rapid image collection based on strictly calculated route *** effectiveness of this method was verified using a DJI Mavic 2 Pro,obtaining high-resolution landslide images within the Dongchuan debris flow gully,in the Xiaojiang River Basin,Dongchuan District,Yunnan,China.A three-dimensional(3D)model was constructed by the structure-from-motion and multi-view stereo(SfM-MVS).Micro-geomorphic features were analyzed through visual interpretation,geographic information system(GIS),spatial analysis,and mathematical statistics *** results demonstrated that the proposed method could obtain comprehensive vertical information on landslides while improving measurement *** 3D model was constructed using the vertically oriented flight route to achieve centimeter-level accuracy(horizontal accuracy better than 6 cm,elevation accuracy better than 3 cm,and relative accuracy better than 3.5 cm).The UAV technology could further help understand the micro internal spatial and structural characteristics of landslides,facilitating intuitive acquisition of surface *** slope of landslide clusters ranged from 36°to 72°,with the majority of the slope facing east and *** elevation levels were relatively consistent while middle to lower elevation levels gradually decreased from left to right with significant variations in lower elevation *** the rainy season,surface runoff was abundant,and steep topography exacerbated changes in surface *** route method is suitable for unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)landslide surveys in complex mountainous *** geomorphological analysis methods used will provide references for identifying and describing topographic

关键词： UAV Landslide Vertical route SfM-MVS Topographic features

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VNVC: A Versatile Neural Video Coding Framework for Efficient Human-Machine Vision

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Sheng, Xihua Li, Li Liu, Dong Li, Houqiang The CAS Key Laboratory of Technology in Geo-Spatial Information Processing and Application System University of Science and Technology of China Hefei230027 China

Almost all digital videos are coded into compact representations before being transmitted. Such compact representations need to be decoded back to pixels before being displayed to humans and – as usual – before being enhanced/analyzed by machine vision algorithms. Intuitively, it is more efficient to enhance/analyze the coded representations directly without decoding them into pixels. Therefore, we propose a versatile neural video coding (VNVC) framework, which targets learning compact representations to support both reconstruction and direct enhancement/analysis, thereby being versatile for both human and machine vision. Our VNVC framework has a feature-based compression loop. In the loop, one frame is encoded into compact representations and decoded to an intermediate feature that is obtained before performing reconstruction. The intermediate feature can be used as reference in motion compensation and motion estimation through feature-based temporal context mining and cross-domain motion encoder-decoder to compress the following frames. The intermediate feature is directly fed into video reconstruction, video enhancement, and video analysis networks to evaluate its effectiveness. The evaluation shows that our framework with the intermediate feature achieves high compression efficiency for video reconstruction and satisfactory task performances with lower complexities. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Deep neural networks

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TMAS:A transaction misbehavior analysis scheme for blockchain

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Blockchain(Research and applications) 2024年第3期5卷 42-52页

作者： Shiyong Huang Xiaohan Hao Yani Sun Chenhuang Wu Huimin Li Wei Ren Kim-Kwang Raymond Choo School of Computer Science China University of GeosciencesWuhan430074China Artificial Intelligence Thrust Information HubHong Kong University of Science and TechnologyGuangzhou511400China Yunnan Key Laboratory of Blockchain Application Technology Yunnan Innovation Institute of Beihang UniversityKunming650233China Fujian Key Laboratory of Financial Information Processing Putian UniversityPutian351100China Department of Information Systems and Cyber Security University of Texas at San AntonioSan AntonioTX 78249-0631USA

Blockchain-based cryptocurrencies,such as Bitcoins,are increasingly ***,the decentralized and anonymous nature of these currencies can also be(ab)used for nefarious activities such as money laundering,thus reinforcing the importance of designing tools to effectively detect malicious transaction *** this paper,we propose TMAS,a transaction misbehavior analysis scheme for blockchain-based ***,the proposed system includes ten features in the transaction graph,two heuristic money laundering models,and an analysis method for account linkage,which identifies accounts that are distinct but controlled by an identical *** evaluate the effectiveness of our proposed indicators and models,we analyze 100 million transactions and compute transaction features,and are able to identify a number of suspicious ***,the proposed methods can be applied to other cryptocurrencies,such as token-based cryptocurrencies(e.g.,Bitcoins)and account-based cryptocurrencies(e.g.,Ethereum).

关键词： Blockchain Anti-money laundering Bitcoin Cyptocurrency

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AN AUTOFOCUS NETWORK FOR MULTI-CHANNEL PHASE ERRORS WITH application TO TOMOSAR IMAGING

AN AUTOFOCUS NETWORK FOR MULTI-CHANNEL PHASE ERRORS WITH APP...

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IET International Radar Conference 2023, IRC 2023

作者： Wang, Muhan Gao, Silin Zhang, Zhe Qiu, Xiaolan Key Laboratory of Technology in Geo-spatial Information Processing and Application System Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Aerospace Big Data Application Technology Suzhou215123 China Suzhou Aerospace Information Research Institute Suzhou215123 China Aerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100094 China School of Electronic Electrical and Communication Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781839539954

Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) tomography (TomoSAR) has garnered significant attention due to its capability for three-dimensional reconstruction. Compressed sensing (CS) methods are widely employed to address the TomoSAR inversion challenge. Nevertheless, practical applications reveal phase errors among different channels, resulting in defocusing and blurring when relying solely on CS for 3D reconstruction. Current state-of-the-art autofocus techniques suffer from prohibitive computational complexity, limiting their applicability to large-scale 3D imaging. In pursuit of efficient TomoSAR 3-D autofocusing, we proposed ASAMP-Net, an innovative deep unfolding network. Operating within a two-step framework, each layer comprises two stages: phase error estimation and iterative scattering coefficient reconstruction using the sparse adaptive matching pursuit (SAMP) algorithm. Additionally, phase error estimation is obtained through mathematical derivation, while challenges associated with fixed sparsity and limited efficiency in conventional methods are mitigated through deep learning techniques. Simulation experiments and real data validation affirm the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method. © The Institution of Engineering & technology 2023.

关键词： Radar imaging

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GRIDLESS DOA ESTIMATION FOR AUTOMOTIVE RADARS WITH VARIOUS ARRAY geoMETRIES: THE NON-VANDERMONDE ATOMIC SOFT THRESHOLDING APPROACH

GRIDLESS DOA ESTIMATION FOR AUTOMOTIVE RADARS WITH VARIOUS A...

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IET International Radar Conference 2023, IRC 2023

作者： Gao, Silin Wang, Muhan Zhang, Zhe Zhang, Bingchen Wu, Yirong Aerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100094 China Key Laboratory of Technology in Geo-spatial Information Processing and Application System Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China School of Electronic Electrical and Communication Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Aerospace Big Data Application Technology Suzhou215123 China Suzhou Aerospace Information Research Institute Suzhou215123 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781839539954

This paper is centered on gridless direction of arrival (DoA) estimation for single-snapshot data collected by non-uniform linear arrays (NLAs) in the context of automotive applications. While recent single-snapshot DoA estimation algorithms rooted in grid-based compressed sensing (CS) offer super-resolution capabilities, they are notably sensitive to discrepancies between the assumed sparsity basis and the actual basis. Furthermore, the existing atomic soft thresholding (AST) algorithm, a promising gridless sparse recovery technique within the Toeplitz model, is constrained to uniform linear arrays (ULAs) exhibiting Vandermonde structure in their array manifolds. However, in automotive scenarios, it becomes imperative to efficiently apply gridless DoA estimation to NLAs featuring non-Vandermonde array manifolds. In this paper, we introduce the non-Vandermonde atomic soft thresholding (NVAST) algorithm and employ it for DoA estimation in NLAs. The novel algorithm establishes a link between Vandermonde and non-Vandermonde atoms by decomposing non-Vandermonde vectors and addressing them using semi-definite programming (SDP). Simulation and measurement experiments conducted with automotive radars underscore the remarkable performance of our proposed method. © The Institution of Engineering & technology 2023.

关键词： Automotive radar

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Self-guided Few-Shot Semantic Segmentation for Remote Sensing Imagery Based on Large Vision Models 8th

Self-guided Few-Shot Semantic Segmentation for Remote Sensi...

引用

8th EAI International Conference on Machine Learning and Intelligent Communications, MLICOM 2023

作者： Qi, Xiyu Wu, Yifan Mao, Yongqiang Zhang, Wenhui Zhang, Yidan Aerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China Aerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China Key Laboratory of Technology in Geo-spatial Information Processing and Application System Aerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China School of Electronic Electrical and Communication Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China

ISBN: (纸本)9783031717154

The Segment Anything Model (SAM) exhibits remarkable versatility and zero-shot learning abilities, owing largely to its extensive training data (SA-1B). Recognizing SAM’s dependency on manual guidance given its category-agnostic nature, we identified unexplored potential within few-shot semantic segmentation tasks for remote sensing imagery. This research introduces a structured framework designed for the automation of few-shot semantic segmentation. It utilizes the SAM model and facilitates a more efficient generation of semantically discernible segmentation outcomes. Central to our methodology is a novel automatic prompt learning approach, leveraging prior guided mask to produce coarse pixel-wise prompts for SAM. Extensive experiments on the DLRSD datasets underlines the superiority of our approach, outperforming other available few-shot methodologies. © ICST Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering 2024.

关键词： Semantic Segmentation

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Large Language Models are Good Attackers: Efficient and Stealthy Textual Backdoor Attacks

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2024年

作者： Li, Ziqiang Zeng, Yueqi Xia, Pengfei Liu, Lei Fu, Zhangjie Li, Bin Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology China Big Data and Decision Lab University of Science and Technology of China China CAS Key Laboratory of Technology in Geo-spatial Information Processing and Application System China

With the burgeoning advancements in the field of natural language processing (NLP), the demand for training data has increased significantly. To save costs, it has become common for users and businesses to outsource the labor-intensive task of data collection to third-party entities. Unfortunately, recent research has unveiled the inherent risk associated with this practice, particularly in exposing NLP systems to potential backdoor attacks. Specifically, these attacks enable malicious control over the behavior of a trained model by poisoning a small portion of the training data. Unlike backdoor attacks in computer vision, textual backdoor attacks impose stringent requirements for attack stealthiness. However, existing attack methods meet significant trade-off between effectiveness and stealthiness, largely due to the high information entropy inherent in textual data. In this paper, we introduce the Efficient and Stealthy Textual backdoor attack method, EST-Bad, leveraging Large Language Models (LLMs). Our EST-Bad encompasses three core strategies: optimizing the inherent flaw of models as the trigger, stealthily injecting triggers with LLMs, and meticulously selecting the most impactful samples for backdoor injection. Through the integration of these techniques, EST-Bad demonstrates an efficient achievement of competitive attack performance while maintaining superior stealthiness compared to prior methods across various text classifier datasets. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Deep neural networks

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CNN-BASED DEPTH MAP PREDICTION FOR FAST BLOCK PARTITIONING IN HEVC INTRA CODING

CNN-BASED DEPTH MAP PREDICTION FOR FAST BLOCK PARTITIONING I...

引用

2021 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo, ICME 2021

作者： Feng, Aolin Gao, Changsheng Li, Li Liu, Dong Wu, Feng CAS Key Laboratory of Technology in Geo-Spatial Information Processing and Application System University of Science and Technology of China Hefei230027 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665438643

High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) achieves significant improvement in compression efficiency by introducing quadtree-based block partition. However, in the HEVC reference software-HM, the optimal partition is found by a recursive rate-distortion optimization (RDO) process, which is computationally expensive and not friendly to hardware implementation. We propose a fast block partitioning algorithm using convolutional neural network (CNN) based depth map prediction for HEVC intra coding. We use the depth map to represent the block partition of a coding tree unit (CTU). Then, we design a CNN to predict the depth map for a CTU, and we construct a large-scale dataset to train the CNN. Through the depth map prediction, we obtain a block partitioning structure for the entire CTU, and then we could directly compress each coding unit, getting rid of the recursive RDO process for partitioning. Experimental results show that our proposed method reduces 65.55% encoding time of HM at the cost of 2.02% Bjøntegaard Delta rate (BD-rate) increase on the common test sequences. For 4K sequences, our method achieves 76.97% time saving with 2.89% BD-rate increase. © 2021 IEEE

关键词： Forecasting

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