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IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium

作者： Zongxu Pan Bin Lei Key Laboratory of Technology in Geo-spatial Information Processing and Application System Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

A salient seed extraction based target detection method is proposed in this paper, aiming to distinguish target points from background points in SAR images. Different from recent superpixel based method which generates superpixels firstly, and for each superpixel decides whether it belongs to part of a target. The proposed method employs a salient point to region scheme. At first, salient seeds are extracted by mean-shift and region feature based approach. Then, pixels are assigned to the most similar seed and those assigned to the salient seeds are extracted to form the foreground region. Finally, constant false alarm rate (CFAR) operation is employed to detect the target points from the foreground region. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated by comparing with five state-of-the-art methods on TerraSAR-X images.

关键词： Target detection Salient seed extraction Synthetic aperture radar (SAR)

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Spatiotemporal dynamics of coastal dead zones in the Gulf of Mexico over 20 years using remote sensing

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Science of the Total Environment 2025年 979卷

作者： Li, Yingjie Xia, Zilong Nguyen, Lan Wan, Ho Yi Wan, Luwen Wang, Mengqiu Jia, Nan Matli, Venkata Rohith Reddy Li, Yi Seeley, Megan Moran, Emilio F. Liu, Jianguo Center for Systems Integration and Sustainability Department of Fisheries and Wildlife Michigan State University East LansingMI48823 United States Environmental Science and Policy Program Michigan State University East LansingMI48823 United States Natural Capital Project Woods Institute for the Environment Doerr School of Sustainability Stanford University StanfordCA94305 United States Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science and Technology Key Laboratory for Land Satellite Remote Sensing Applications of Ministry of Natural Resources School of Geography and Ocean Science Nanjing University Jiangsu Nanjing210023 China Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application Jiangsu Nanjing210023 China Department of Biological Sciences University of Calgary CalgaryABT2N 1N4 Canada Department of Wildlife California State Polytechnic University Humboldt ArcataCA95521 United States Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation University of Florida GainesvilleFL32611 United States Department of Earth System Science Stanford University StanfordCA94305 United States Earth and Environmental Sciences Michigan State University East LansingMI48824 United States School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering Wuhan University Wuhan430072 China Department of Earth Sciences The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong 999077 China Center for Geospatial Analytics North Carolina State University RaleighNC27607 United States College of the Environment and Ecology Xiamen University Xiamen361102 China School of Geographical Sciences and Urban Planning Arizona State University TempeAZ85281 United States Center for Global Discovery and Conservation Science Arizona State University TempeAZ85281 United States Center for Global Change and Earth Observations Michigan State University East LansingMI48824 United States Department of Geography Environment and Spatial Science

Spreading marine dead zones (or hypoxia) are threatening coastal ecosystems and affecting billions of people's livelihoods globally. However, the lack of field observations makes it challenging to estimate dead zones with spatial precision and across large scales. While satellites offer great potential for detecting environmental changes through large-scale and temporal consistent data, they have yet to be fully integrated into the spatio-temporal dynamic mapping of hypoxia. To address this limitation, we integrated satellite imagery with field observations in random forest models on the Google Earth Engine platform to characterize dead zone dynamics from 2000 to 2019. We applied the workflow to the Gulf of Mexico, which has the largest dead zones in North America. Our model explained 64 % (± 5 %) of the variance in predicting dead zones using satellite data. The analysis revealed that dead zones in the Gulf peaked in 2009 (17,699 ± 679 km2) and contracted afterward in terms of both size and persistence (% days with hypoxia). Despite this contraction, the average size between 2010 and 2019 was twice that of the coastal reduction goal (2) set by the Gulf of Mexico Hypoxia Task Force. Furthermore, dead zones occurred more frequently in the western Gulf, and nearly half of the western region experienced dead zones annually. In addition to inter-annual changes, our analysis highlighted the intra-annual dynamics of this phenomenon. Notably, dead zones expanded in June, peaking in size from mid-August to early September. The high temporal and spatial resolution of this dataset allows policymakers to develop targeted management plans and environmental policies. Our approach, which incorporates remote sensing for long-term monitoring of coastal dead zones, can be applied to worldwide monitoring initiatives when paired with local field observations. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Eutrophication

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Approach of SAR images simulations for target interpretations

Approach of SAR images simulations for target interpretation...

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IET International Radar Conference 2018, IRC 2018

作者： Zhang, Yueting Ding, Chibiao Lei, Bin Li, Fangfang Qiu, Xiaolan Institute of Electronics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Key Laboratory of Geo-spatial Information Processing and Application System Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Zhongguancun Beiyitiao No. 9 Beijing China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Yuquan Road No. 19 Beijing China

In this work, a novel approach for the simulation of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images is proposed. Also, this approach aims to interpret the mechanisms of the dominated scattering centres in the SAR image. An attributed model based on typical structures is used to characterise the 3D geometry of the targets. The physical optics and the geometry optics are used to calculate the main scattering mechanisms of the specified typical structures. Also, based on scattering properties and the imaging process, the simulation approach is set up. The experiments based on the Terra-SAR data of an airplane are implemented to test the validity of the simulation. The work presented would be useful for SAR automatic target recognition. © 2019 Institution of Engineering and technology. All rights reserved.

关键词： Physical optics

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HIGH RESOLUTION SAR IMAGE CLASSIFICATION WITH DEEPER CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORK

HIGH RESOLUTION SAR IMAGE CLASSIFICATION WITH DEEPER CONVOLU...

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IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium

作者： Yue Zhang Xian Sun Hao Sun Zequn Zhang Wenhui Diao Kun Fu Key Laboratory of Spatial Information Processing and Application System Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Institute of Electronic Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

Deeper architectures are proven to be beneficial for the classification performance obviously in computer vision field. Inspired by this, deep CNNs are expected to make progress in the SAR target classification problem as well. However, it is hard to train deeper CNNs for SAR images. Such CNNs have millions of parameters to be determined in the network (for example the VGGNet has more than 130 million parameters), hence large-scale dataset is indispensable when training a deep CNN. But there is no large-scale annotated SAR target dataset, and data acquisition and annotation is much more costly for SAR images. With inadequate data, the network is easy to be overfitting. Several methods based on deep learning have been proposed for SAR image classifications, but they cannot get rid of the aforementioned data limitation of labelled SAR images. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a microarchitecture called CompressUnit (CU). With CU, we design a deeper CNN. Compared with the network with the fewest parameters for SAR image classification in literature so far, our network is 2X deeper with only about 10% of parameters. In this way, we get a deeper network with much fewer parameters. This network is easier to be trained with limited SAR data and is more likely to get rid of overfitting.

关键词： Deeper CNN SAR images CompressUnit

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SAR Moving Target Segmentation and Removal Based on Deep Learning 8th

SAR Moving Target Segmentation and Removal Based on Deep L...

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8th EAI International Conference on Machine Learning and Intelligent Communications, MLICOM 2023

作者： Wu, Yifan Qi, Xiyu Huang, Lijia Zhang, Bingchen Yan, Lili Aerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100094 China Key Laboratory of Technology in Geo-Spatial Information Processing and Application System Aerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China Aerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China School of Electronic Electrical and Communication Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China China Centre for Resources Satellite Data and Application Beijing100094 China

ISBN: (纸本)9783031717154

Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) stands as an integral part of advanced remote sensing technology. Nevertheless, practical applications experience inevitable disturbances from moving target noise, compromising both image integrity and target detection performance. This paper introduces a pioneering approach reliant on deep learning principles for the elimination of moving target noise within SAR imaging. Firstly, we use the Back-Projection (BP) algorithm to form the foundational images from echo signals. Employing the Unet network, we subsequently acquire a segmentation map of the moving target noise. By subtracting this segmented noise map from the original image, we succeed in the effective erasure of moving targets, yielding a resultant image devoid of moving target noise. Experimental validation demonstrates that our method can effectively remove moving target noise and yield SAR images that solely contain static scenes. © ICST Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering 2024.

关键词： Deep learning

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Optimal sensor schedule under limited resources for two linear dynamical systems in wireless sensor network

Optimal sensor schedule under limited resources for two line...

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Asian Control Conference

作者： Jie Wang Jiahu Qin Qichao Ma Yu Kang Department of Automation University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China Key Laboratory of Technology in Geo-Spatial Information Processing and Application System Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781509015740;9781509015733

In this paper, we consider the problem of sensor scheduling under limited resources for two linear dynamical systems. We set up that only two sensor nodes were used to monitor the status of two systems, respectively, and consider the scenario that the sensors are smart enough to have abundant computation capability. At each time, the sensors have to decide whether to transmit its local estimate to the remote control center or not for further processing owing to the limited available energy and low channel bandwidth. The necessary condition for the optimal scheduling of sensors is presented which can significantly reduce the feasible optimal solution space. Based on this necessary condition, we construct an optimal explicit sensor schedule, which is periodic and minimizes the estimation error. Examples and simulations are provided at the end of the paper to support the results.

关键词： Bandwidth Kalman filters Wireless sensor networks Covariance matrices Estimation error Scheduling

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Large Language Models are Good Attackers: Efficient and Stealthy Textual Backdoor Attacks

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Li, Ziqiang Zeng, Yueqi Xia, Pengfei Liu, Lei Fu, Zhangjie Li, Bin Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology China Big Data and Decision Lab University of Science and Technology of China China CAS Key Laboratory of Technology in Geo-spatial Information Processing and Application System China

With the burgeoning advancements in the field of natural language processing (NLP), the demand for training data has increased significantly. To save costs, it has become common for users and businesses to outsource the labor-intensive task of data collection to third-party entities. Unfortunately, recent research has unveiled the inherent risk associated with this practice, particularly in exposing NLP systems to potential backdoor attacks. Specifically, these attacks enable malicious control over the behavior of a trained model by poisoning a small portion of the training data. Unlike backdoor attacks in computer vision, textual backdoor attacks impose stringent requirements for attack stealthiness. However, existing attack methods meet significant trade-off between effectiveness and stealthiness, largely due to the high information entropy inherent in textual data. In this paper, we introduce the Efficient and Stealthy Textual backdoor attack method, EST-Bad, leveraging Large Language Models (LLMs). Our EST-Bad encompasses three core strategies: optimizing the inherent flaw of models as the trigger, stealthily injecting triggers with LLMs, and meticulously selecting the most impactful samples for backdoor injection. Through the integration of these techniques, EST-Bad demonstrates an efficient achievement of competitive attack performance while maintaining superior stealthiness compared to prior methods across various text classifier datasets. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Deep neural networks

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Nonparametric statistics inspired similarity measure for accuracy in collaborative filtering

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Journal of Computational information systems 2013年第20期9卷 8397-8406页

作者： Liu, Shichen Xiong, Yan Liu, Qingwen Qi, Xiang Department of Computer Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230027 China Key Laboratory of Technology in Geo-Spatial Information Processing and Application System Institute of Electronics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China

Similarity computation is especially significant in collaborative filtering algorithms. In the existed literatures or large recommender systems, researchers generally use cosine similarity or Pearson correlation coefficient to compute the similarities. However, on one hand, both two measures are more applicable in linear space while the ratings cannot linearly reflect users' interest intensity. On the other hand, different systems have different rating restricts, so it's unreasonable to treat varied systems with the same computation method. In this work, inspired by nonparametric statistics, a sound memory-based method with a novel similarity measure is proposed to eliminate the affection of rating distributions and system diversities on similarity computation. Experiments based on Jester are set to evaluate the performance of the approach. And the highly competitive results show that our approach is able to significantly improve the recommendation quality. © 2013 Binary information Press.

关键词： Collaborative filtering

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An autofocus network for multi-channel phase errors with application to tomoSAR imaging

An autofocus network for multi-channel phase errors with app...

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IET International Radar Conference (IRC 2023)

作者： Muhan Wang Silin Gao Zhe Zhang Xiaolan Qiu Key Laboratory of Technology in Geo-spatial Information Processing and Application System Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 People's Republic of China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Aerospace Big Data Application Technology Suzhou 215123 People's Republic of China

ISBN: (数字)9781837240982

Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) tomography (TomoSAR) has garnered significant attention due to its capability for three-dimensional reconstruction. Compressed sensing (CS) methods are widely employed to address the TomoSAR inversion challenge. Nevertheless, practical applications reveal phase errors among different channels, resulting in defocusing and blurring when relying solely on CS for 3D reconstruction. Current state-of-the-art autofocus techniques suffer from prohibitive computational complexity, limiting their applicability to large-scale 3D imaging. In pursuit of efficient TomoSAR 3-D autofocusing, we proposed ASAMP-Net, an innovative deep unfolding network. Operating within a two-step framework, each layer comprises two stages: phase error estimation and iterative scattering coefficient reconstruction using the sparse adaptive matching pursuit (SAMP) algorithm. Additionally, phase error estimation is obtained through mathematical derivation, while challenges associated with fixed sparsity and limited efficiency in conventional methods are mitigated through deep learning techniques. Simulation experiments and real data validation affirm the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method.

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1-km/Daily Land Surface Temperature Optimized Dataset for the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Based on MODIS Data(2000-2020)

全球变化数据仓储（中英文）

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全球变化数据仓储（中英文） 2023年第10期 4-7页

作者： XU Xunpeng ZHANG Yu JI Luyan TANG Hairong Aerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100094China the Key Laboratory of Technology in Geo-Spatial information Processing and Application System Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China the School of Electronic Electrical and Communication EngineeringUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101408China Aerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100094China the Key Laboratory of Technology in Geo-Spatial information Processing and Application System Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Remote sensing data has strong correlation and continuity in space and time,so time series remote sensing images have low-rank *** this dataset,we repaired images using low-rank tensor ***,we preprocessed the MODIS land surface temperature data and employed spatio-temporal interpolation to initially fill in the missing values caused by cloud ***,we treated the land surface temperature time series data as a third-order spatio-temporal tensor and introduced Fourier transform on the time dimension to convert it into a space-frequency *** performing singular value decomposition and Gaussian low-pass filtering on this tensor,followed by inverse Fourier transform,we obtained a space-time ***,we further optimized the missing tensor using the alternating direction method of *** data accuracy using the method was validated through simulation experiments,where artificial masks were added and subsequently *** resulting mean absolute error(MAE)falls within the range of 2.1℃to 4.9℃.This dataset includes the following data for the Tibetan Plateau on a daily basis for the years 2000-2020:(1)the optimized surface temperature data for the cloud-shaded regions of the MOD11A1,MYD11A1 products(MOD11A1_QTP_PART,MYD11A1_QTP_PART);(2)optimized MOD11A1/MYD11A1 data(MOD11A1_QTP_TEMP,MYD11A1_QTP_TEMP);and(3)original MOD11A1 and MYD11A1 products(MOD11A1_QTP_ORIGIN,MOD11A1_QTP_ORIGIN).All data have a spatial resolution of 1 km and are stored in an integer data format,with pixel value representing the thermodynamic temperature of the surface with a scale factor of 0.02 in *** dataset is archived *** format,and consists of 43833 data files with data size of 143 GB(compressed into 21 files with 138 GB).

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