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11th International Conference on Traffic and transportation Studies, ICTTS 2024

作者： Hu, Hengchaung Zhang, Yaqin Li, Wang School of Traffic and Transportation Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing100044 China Institute of Computing Technology China Academy of Railway Sciences CorporationLimited Beijing100081 China Beijing Engineering Research Center of Urban Traffic Information Intelligent Sensing andService Technologies Beijing100044 China Key Laboratory of Active Safety Assurance and Risk Prevention in the Railway Industry Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing100044 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819796397

This paper makes an in-depth analysis of the characteristics of overseas cargo on the China-Laos Railway and predicts the future freight trend based on historical data, so as to provide decision-making support for enhancing the influence of the China-Laos Railway freight market and promoting the quality and increment of freight transportation. Firstly, the current situation of cargo transportation were analyzed. Then, by using the K-means cluster analysis method, the cluster analysis of the freight volume of major stations outside the China-Laos Railway was carried out, and the characteristics of freight categories between stations were discussed. Finally, based on the method of time series analysis, the total amount of freight and the total amount of major goods are predicted, so as to reveal the development trend of China-Laos railway freight transportation and provide decision-making support for relevant departments and enterprises to formulate industrial development strategies. © Beijing Paike Culture Commu. Co., Ltd. 2025.

关键词： characteristics of the goods China-Laos Railway cluster analysis time series analysis

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Rapid modeling of transient processes in hydrogen-blended natural gas pipelines featuring injection and withdrawal points

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International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2025年

作者： Gong, Junhua Zhou, Chaoqun Wang, Yanxin Deng, Yajun Chen, Yujie Wang, Peng Yu, Bo Chen, Bin Yu, Zhipeng Wang, Bohong School of Mechanical Engineering Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology Beijing102617 China Changqing Oil and Gas Transportation Branch of Northwest Company of PipeChina Xingqing District Ningxia Yinchuan City750004 China PipeChina Engineering Technology Innovation Co.Ltd Tianjin300450 China School of Petroleum Engineering Yangtze University Wuhan430100 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Harbor Oil & Gas Storage and Transportation Technology/Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pollution Control for Port-Petrochemical Industry Zhejiang Ocean University Zhoushan316022 China

Blending hydrogen into natural gas pipelines enables the large-scale delivery and application of hydrogen, contributing to carbon emission reduction and promoting the transition to cleaner energy sources. Accurate and efficient predictions of transient processes in such pipelines are critical for effective management and operation. This study proposes a Fourier Neural Operator (FNO)-based model for the rapid prediction of transient processes in hydrogen-blended pipelines with injection and withdrawal points. The model is trained using numerical simulation data of pressure and flow dynamics, with initial conditions, boundary conditions, and the hydrogen blending ratio as inputs to predict hydraulic parameters along the pipeline over time. By optimizing data preprocessing and neural network hyperparameters, the model achieves high accuracy and efficiency in predicting hydraulic states. The FNO model achieves average Root Mean Squared Errors (RMSEs) of 1.06 × 10−3, 1.64 × 10−3, and 7.40 × 10−4 for pressure, flow rate, and density, respectively, with the Coefficient of Determination (R2) exceeding 0.99 for all three variables. Furthermore, the model demonstrates strong generalization capabilities, accurately predicting hydraulic states for pipeline topologies and scenarios beyond the training data. In these cases, the RMSE remains in the order of 10−3 or smaller. For a 100 km pipeline, the computational efficiency of the FNO model is at least 969 times higher than that of traditional numerical methods, with the maximum efficiency improvement reaching 5168 times as the number of pipeline cases simultaneously predicted increases. These results highlight the potential of the FNO model for real-time applications in hydrogen-blended natural gas pipeline management. © 2025 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC

关键词： Mean square error

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BADA-LAT: Efficient Local Attention Transformer for Chinese Named Entity Recognition with Boundary and LLM-Based Data Augmentation 27th

BADA-LAT: Efficient Local Attention Transformer for Chinese ...

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27th International Conference on Pattern Recognition, ICPR 2024

作者： Qiu, Xiaoping Yang, Ke Du, Shiling School of Computing and Artificial Intelligence Southwest Jiaotong University No. 999 Xi’an Road Sichuan Chengdu611756 China Tangshan Institute of Southwest Jiaotong University No. 6 Jingqu Road Hebei Tangshan063000 China National United Engineering Laboratory of Integrated and Intelligent Transportation No. 111 North Section 1 Second Ring Road Sichuan Chengdu610031 China Sichuan Key Laboratory of Manufacturing Industry Chain Collaboration and Information Support Technology No. 999 Xi’an Road Sichuan Chengdu610016 China Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Urban Intelligent Transportation No. 999 Xi’an Road Sichuan Chengdu611756 China Sichuan Institute of Industrial Software Technology No. 61 Sha’wan Road Sichuan Chengdu610031 China

ISBN: (纸本)9783031784941

Progress in Chinese Named Entity Recognition (CNER) has highlighted lexicon-based methods that use word information to boost performance. However, these methods neglect two crucial aspects: the regularity of word boundary and the characteristics of the NER task. To address these shortcomings, we introduce BADA-LAT, a Transformer architecture that incorporates word boundary information and introduce local attention computation. It can enhance entity boundary recognition and concentrate the attention weight of the target token on adjacent characters and matched words. Furthermore, to mitigate the issue of class imbalance, we augment the original training data using large language model (LLM). Our method outperforms other lexicon-based ones, as shown in experiments on four Chinese datasets. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： boundary augmentation Chinese NER data augmentation local attention

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A novel asymptotic linear method for micro-pressure wave mitigation at high-speed maglev tunnel exit: A case study with various open ratios on tunnel hoods

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Journal of Central South University 2025年 1-18页

作者： Zhang, Jie Zhang, Mo-lin Han, Shu-ai Liu, Tang-hong Gao, Guang-jun State Key Laboratory of Heavy-duty and Express High-power Electric Locomotive Central South University Changsha China Key Laboratory of Traffic Safety on Track of Ministry of Education School of Traffic & Transportation Engineering Central South University Changsha China National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Safety Technology for Rail Vehicle Central South University Changsha China Key Laboratory of Railway Industry of Aerodynamics Central South University Changsha China

A high-speed train travelling from the open air into a narrow tunnel will cause the “sonic boom” at tunnel exit. When the maglev train’s speed reaches 600km/h, the train-tunnel aerodynamic effect is intensified, so a new mitigation method is urgently expected to be explored. This study proposed a novel asymptotic linear method (ALM) for micro-pressure wave (MPW) mitigation to achieve a constant gradient of initial pressure waves (ICWs), via a study with various open ratios on hoods. The properties of ICWs and MPWs under various open ratios of hoods were analyzed. The results show that as the open ratio increases, the MPW amplitude at the tunnel exit initially decreases before rising. At the open ratio of 2.28%, the slope of the ICW curve is linearly coincident with a supposed straight line in the ALM, which further reduces the MPW amplitude by 26.9% at 20m and 20.0% at 50m from the exit, as compared to the unvented hood. Therefore, the proposed method effectively mitigates MPW and quickly determines the upper limit of alleviation for the MPW amplitude at a fixed train-tunnel operation condition. All achievements provide a new potential measure for the adaptive design of tunnel hoods.

关键词： Railroad tunnels

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A Preprocessing Method for Moving Vehicle Images Based on Satellite Images

A Preprocessing Method for Moving Vehicle Images Based on Sa...

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Consumer Electronics and Computer engineering (ICCECE), 2021 IEEE International Conference on

作者： Wenxing Cai Jing Wang Haijun He Guanghao Liu Xiaosong Li Dudu Guo College of Intelligent Manufacturing and Modern Industry Xinjiang University Urumqi China National Engineering Research Center of road Traffic safety control technology College of Intelligent Manufacturing and Modern Industry Xinjiang University Urumqi China Public Security Department of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Traffic Police Corps Urumqi China Public Security Department of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Road Traffic Safety Management Technology Institute China National Engineering Research Center of road Traffic safety control technology Urumqi China School of Transportation Engineering Xinjiang University Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Green Construction and Smart Traffic Control of Transportation Infrastructure China

ISBN: (数字)9798331533113

ISBN: (纸本)9798331533120

With the rapid development of satellite technology, satellite image processing technology is gradually mature, which can provide reliable data support for various fields. However, in satellite images, vehicle type targets face the problems of complex background, small target size and low contrast, which seriously affect the effect of subsequent experiments. In this paper, an image preprocessing and image enhancement method is proposed to improve the visibility of vehicle targets, reduce background interference, and provide support for subsequent vehicle detection and tracking tasks. The experimental results show that the proposed method can significantly improve the image processing effect and has high robustness.

关键词： Adaptation models Target tracking Vehicle detection Computational modeling Noise reduction Noise Robustness Satellite images Image preprocessing Image enhancement

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Spatial Resolution Enhancement in OFDR Using a Modified Cohen's Class Analysis

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Journal of Lightwave technology 2025年

作者： Liang, Changshuo Wang, Yu Gao, Yan Zhang, Hongjuan Jin, Baoquan Bai, Qing Taiyuan University of Technology College of Electrical and Power Engineering Taiyuan030024 China Taiyuan University of Technology Key Laboratory of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control Systems Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province Taiyuan030024 China Shanxi Transportation Technology Research & Development Co. Ltd Shanxi Taiyuan030006 China

We proposed a demodulation algorithm for optical frequency domain reflectometry (OFDR) sensing system which utilizes a Cohen's class analysis with a modified kernel function to improve spatial resolution and hold a reliable sensing accuracy. With the enhanced time-frequency concentration of Cohen's class analysis compared to conventional short-time Fourier transform (STFT), the trade-off between spatial resolution and sensing accuracy is mitigated. The procedure of the proposed Cohen's class analysis algorithm and the demodulation method with this algorithm are expounded in steps with the advantages explained in theory. The experiment results demonstrate that the OFDR system with the proposed algorithm is capable of sensing strain ranging from 0 to 1000 μϵ at 14 m sensing distance. As a comparison to conventional OFDR demodulation using STFT with window length of 200 points, the spatial resolution has improved from 6.05 mm to 0.16 mm, while the demodulation root mean square error (RMSE) reaches 2.91 × 10-3 nm in the strained area. © 1983-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Mean square error

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Influence of calcination temperature of industrial by-product gypsum on sulphoaluminate cement-based grouting material

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Construction and Building Materials 2025年 478卷

作者： Ai, Jie Wang, Yanfen Cheng, Xiang Zhao, Guangming Meng, Xiangrui Huang, Shunjie State Key Laboratory of Mining Response and Disaster Prevention and Control in Deep Coal Mines Anhui University of Science and Technology Huainan232001 China School of Materials Science and Engineering Anhui University of Science and Technology Huainan232001 China Key Laboratory of Mine Safety and Efficient Exploitation Ministry of Education Anhui University of Science and Technology Huainan232001 China School of Civil and Transportation Engineering Ningbo University of Technology Ningbo315211 China

To enhance the resource utilization of industrial solid waste and promote the low-carbon and sustainable development of mining industry, an eco-friendly sulphoaluminate cement-based grouting material (EFSC) was prepared using industrial by-product gypsum (IPG), sulphoaluminate cement clinker and lime as raw materials. The effects of IPG calcined at different temperatures on working properties, compressive strength and microstructure characteristics of EFSC were investigated. Furthermore, the mechanical properties of the cemented specimens were evaluated using RMT and SEM in the grouting reinforcement experiment. Results showed that with the increase of IPG calcination temperature, the setting time and fluidity of EFSC were reduced. The expansion rate and compressive strength showed a positive correlation with IPG calcination temperature. Especially when the calcination temperature reached 700 °C, its compressive strength was 14.5 MPa at 6 h, which was 27.62 times that of the control group. Microscopic characterizations confirmed that the calcined IPG contributed to the formation of anhydrite in EFSC. Meanwhile, a large number of AFt and amorphous hydration products formed a dense network structure, improving the matrix density. In the grouting reinforcement test, the mechanical load-bearing capacity and plastic deformation of the coal gangue cemented specimens were improved significantly at IPG calcination temperatures of 700 °C and 800 ℃, with compressive strength increasing by 59.70 % and 71.82 %. The excellent mechanical performance could be attributed to the interface bonding property caused by needle-like AFt. This study provides innovative insights into the use of industrial solid waste as a partial replacement for cementing materials, which is expected to promote the sustainable development of green mining. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Grouting

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Resonance-mode-induced beating effect for THz wave generation and principal demonstration

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Optics and Lasers in engineering 2025年 192卷

作者： Tyagi, Deepika Laxmi, Vijay Asrafali, Barkathulla Parveen, Abida Lin, Mi Wang, Qiong Tao, keyu Liu, Qiang Shen, Suling Ouyang, Zhengbiao THz Technology Laboratory Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Photonic Information Technology Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China College of Mechatronics and Control Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen518000 China Department of Biomedical Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Guangdong Shenzhen518055 China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Deep Earth Sciences and Geothermal Energy Exploitation and Utilization College of Civil and Transportation Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China

We present a method of terahertz (THz) wave generation in the complete THz band that harnesses resonance modes within high-quality-factor photonic-crystal resonators. In the proposed method, the input infrared "single-frequency" wave and the resonance mode induced efficiently in the resonator generate a beat note of THz frequency, and the beat note is converted to an independent THz radiation wave with the help of an amplitude demodulator, which provides high power-conversion efficiency (PCE). The theoretical PCE is a 22.93 % half-wave-rectification amplitude demodulator without considering the insertion loss. Through simulations, we demonstrate the feasibility of our approach of inducing a resonance mode from a conventional "single-frequency" wave and using the induced resonance mode to beat with the input source wave with PCE of 24.03 % in agreement with the theoretical PCE value by half-wave-rectification demodulation. Such a high PCE can be obtained only at a certain frequency. The mechanism of the proposed method is further demonstrated experimentally in the microwave band. The proposed method is a general method that can be applied to frequency conversion of all kinds of waves, showcasing its potential across various applications in electronics, optics, acoustics, and beyond. We expect to overcome many future challenges in terahertz technology because of its high efficiency and miniaturization. Furthermore, our findings pave the way for efficient frequency manipulation with broad implications in signal processing, detection, and communication systems. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Terahertz waves

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Transport and Transformation of Inorganic Nitrogen in Karst Groundwater During the Conduit-Fissure Water Exchange Process

SSRN

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SSRN 2025年

作者： Gong, Xing Hong, Beitao Yin, Yehu Huang, He Lin, Zhuobin School of Civil and Transportation Engineering Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou51006 China School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering Changsha University of Science & Technology Changsha410114 China Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province Changsha410114 China

Nitrogen pollution significantly impacts karst groundwater exploitation and ecosystem balance. Most studies have indicated that nitrification dominates nitrogen transformation in karst conduits, while denitrification predominantly occurs in karst fissures. This study investigated the transport and transformation of inorganic nitrogen from multiple sources in karst groundwater during conduit-fissure water exchange in a rainfall event, by high-frequency tracer test, hydraulic and hydrochemical monitoring, deuterium-oxygen and nitrate stable isotopes analysis at an exposed karst aquifer in southern China. The results indicate that inorganic nitrogen in karst groundwater is predominantly in nitrate, sourced from soil nitrogen, chemical fertilizers, and manure and sewage. Both nitrification and denitrification occur in karst conduits and fissures, interconverting twice during a karst conduit-fissure water exchange cycle. At the onset of rainfall, infiltrated water fills conduits rapidly and drives groundwater to flow into fissures. The increasing oxidation of groundwater promotes nitrification, leading to a sharp rise in nitrate concentrations. Following the rainfall, groundwater in conduits is released preferentially, where nitrification transforms into denitrification immediately due to the decreasing oxygen level. When groundwater in fissures flows back to conduits, denitrification continues at a brief early period and the ammonia nitrogen and nitrite concentration increase significantly. As fissures-water releases continuously, denitrification returns to nitrification gradually, resulting in nitrate recovery. When the subsequent rainfall replenishes the groundwater in conduits, sustained nitrification and infiltrated nitrogen elevate levels of nitrate, ammonia nitrogen, and nitrite slightly. The findings of this study provide a theoretical basis for the supervision and prevention of nitrogen pollution in karst groundwater. © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Ammonia

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Corrosion behavior of steel bars embedded in steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) under the condition of electro-accelerated chloride attack

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Journal of Building engineering 2025年 106卷

作者： Liu, Xinyu Liu, Haotian Yang, Lin Li, Ying Zhu, Haitang Liu, Guojian Gao, Danying School of Water Conservancy and Transportation Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou450001 China Henan Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing of Mechanical Equipment Zhengzhou University of Light Industry Zhengzhou450002 China School of Civil Engineering Henan University of Engineering Zhengzhou451191 China School of Civil Engineering Suzhou University of Science and Technology Suzhou215011 China

The corrosion behavior of steel bars embedded in steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) suffered from chloride attack was investigated. During 30 days of electro-accelerated chloride attack, some electrochemical parameters of the steel bars were continuously monitored, including half-cell potential (HCP), linear polarization resistance (LPR), Tafel polarization curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Cracks on the surface of specimens and the corrosion ratio of the steel bars were also recorded. More importantly, the effects of steel fiber content and concrete cover thickness on the corrosion of the steel bars were investigated. The results showed that with the increase of steel fiber content, the resistance of SFRC decreased continuously, and the current through the specimens was improved under the condition of constant voltage, then the corrosion of the steel bars embedded in the SFRC specimens was accelerated. However, increasing the concrete cover thickness effectively reduced the corrosion rate of the steel bars. When the thickness of concrete cover layer was 40 mm, the corrosion ratio of the steel bar was reduced by 72.8 %, compared to the thickness of concrete cover layer of 20 mm;additionally, the maximum crack width of the specimen was reduced from 1.64 mm to 0.3 mm. This study provides important evidence for the application of SFRC in harsh environments. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Cracks

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