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arXiv 2025年

作者： Lyu, Kedi Chen, Haipeng Liu, Zhenguang Yin, Yifang Lin, Yukang Jiao, Yingying College of Computer Science and Technology Jilin University Changchun China Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering of Ministry of Education Jilin University Changchun China The State Key Laboratory of Blockchain and Data Security Zhejiang University Hangzhou China Institute of Blockchain and Data Security Hangzhou China A*STAR Singapore Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School Nanshan District Shenzhen China

Grasping the intricacies of human motion, which involve perceiving spatio-temporal dependence and multi-scale effects, is essential for predicting human motion. While humans inherently possess the requisite skills to navigate this issue, it proves to be markedly more challenging for machines to emulate. To bridge the gap, we propose the Human-like Vision and Inference System (HVIS) for human motion prediction, which is designed to emulate human observation and forecast future movements. HVIS comprises two components: the human-like vision encode (HVE) module and the human-like motion inference (HMI) module. The HVE module mimics and refines the human visual process, incorporating a retina-analog component that captures spatiotemporal information separately to avoid unnecessary crosstalk. Additionally, a visual cortex-analogy component is designed to hierarchically extract and treat complex motion features, focusing on both global and local features of human poses. The HMI is employed to simulate the multi-stage learning model of the human brain. The spontaneous learning network simulates the neuronal fracture generation process for the adversarial generation of future motions. Subsequently, the deliberate learning network is optimized for hard-to-train joints to prevent misleading learning. Experimental results demonstrate that our method achieves new state-of-the-art performance, significantly outperforming existing methods by 19.8% on Human3.6M, 15.7% on CMU Mocap, and 11.1% on G3D. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Motion estimation

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Optimizing Human Pose Estimation Through Focused Human and Joint Regions

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Jiao, Yingying Wang, Zhigang Liu, Zhenguang Fan, Shaojing Wu, Sifan Wu, Zheqi Xu, Zhuoyue College of Computer Science and Technology Jilin University China Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering of Ministry of Education Jilin University China College of Computer Science and Technology Zhejiang Gongshang University China The State Key Laboratory of Blockchain and Data Security Zhejiang University China Institute of Blockchain and Data Security China School of Computing National University of Singapore Singapore

Human pose estimation has given rise to a broad spectrum of novel and compelling applications, including action recognition, sports analysis, as well as surveillance. However, accurate video pose estimation remains an open challenge. One aspect that has been overlooked so far is that existing methods learn motion clues from all pixels rather than focusing on the target human body, making them easily misled and disrupted by unimportant information such as background changes or movements of other people. Additionally, while the current Transformer-based pose estimation methods has demonstrated impressive performance with global modeling, they struggle with local context perception and precise positional identification. In this paper, we try to tackle these challenges from three aspects: (1) We propose a bilayer Human-keypoint Mask module that performs coarse-to-fine visual token refinement, which gradually zooms in on the target human body and keypoints while masking out unimportant figure regions. (2) We further introduce a novel deformable cross attention mechanism and a bidirectional separation strategy to adaptively aggregate spatial and temporal motion clues from constrained surrounding contexts. (3) We mathematically formulate the deformable cross attention, constraining that the model focuses solely on the regions centered at the target person body. Empirically, our method achieves state-of-the-art performance on three large-scale benchmark datasets. A remarkable highlight is that our method achieves an 84.8 mean Average Precision (mAP) on the challenging wrist joint, which significantly outperforms the 81.5 mAP achieved by the current state-of-the-art method on the PoseTrack2017 dataset. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Benchmarking

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Power-Measurement-Based Channel Autocorrelation Estimation for IRS-Assisted Wideband Communications

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IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications 2025年

作者： Sun, He Zhu, Lipeng Mei, Weidong Zhang, Rui National University of Singapore Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering 117583 Singapore University of Electronic Science and Technology of China National Key Laboratory of Wireless Communications 611731 China The Chinese University of Hon g Kong School of Science and Engineering Shenzhen Research Institute of Big Data Guangdong Shenzhen518172 China

Channel state information (CSI) is essential to the performance optimization of intelligent reflecting surface (IRS)-aided wireless communication systems. However, the passive and frequency-flat reflection of IRS, as well as the high-dimensional IRS-reflected channels, have posed practical challenges for efficient IRS channel estimation, especially in wideband communication systems with significant multi-path channel delay spread. To tackle the above challenge, we propose a novel neural network (NN)-empowered IRS channel estimation and passive reflection design framework for the wideband orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) communication system based only on the user’s reference signal received power (RSRP) measurements with time-varying random IRS training reflections. As RSRP is readily accessible in existing communication systems, our proposed channel estimation method does not require additional pilot transmission in IRS-aided wideband communication systems. In particular, we show that the average received signal power over all OFDM subcarriers at the user terminal can be represented as the prediction of a single-layer NN composed of multiple subnetworks with the same structure, such that the autocorrelation matrix of the wideband IRS channel can be recovered as their weights via supervised learning. To exploit the potential sparsity of the channel autocorrelation matrix, a progressive training method is proposed by gradually increasing the number of subnetworks until a desired accuracy is achieved, thus reducing the training complexity. Based on the estimates of IRS channel autocorrelation matrix, the IRS passive reflection is then optimized to maximize the average channel power gain over all subcarriers. Numerical results indicate the effectiveness of the proposed IRS channel autocorrelation matrix estimation and passive reflection design under wideband channels, which can achieve significant performance improvement compared to the existing IRS re

关键词： Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing

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General phase diagram features of superradiant phase transitions

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Zhao, Wen Tian, Junlong Peng, Jie Hunan Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Energy Materials and Devices School of Physics and Optoelectronics Xiangtan University Hunan411105 China Department of Electronic Science College of Big Data and Information Engineering Guizhou University Guiyang550025 China

Various light-matter interactions lead to diverse phase diagram structures in superradiant phase transition (SPT) studies. Such systems consist of multiqubit and multimode with anisotropic couplings, one-photon and two-photon interactions, Stark shifts, inter-cavity hoppings, qubit-qubit interactions and so on. We find a general phase diagram feature that the origin is in normal phase (NP) and SPT happens only once along the radial direction of a chosen coupling parameter vector with the mean-field method at finite temperature. We can calculate the the phase boundary and SPT properties by a concise method. We illustrate it with specific models and find SPT can be achieved in strong coupling regime by means of multimode collective behavior. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Photons

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Global Enhanced Frame Prompt Tuning for Sound Event Detection

Global Enhanced Frame Prompt Tuning for Sound Event Detectio...

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： Shiyu Yu Lijian Gao Qirong Mao School of Computer Science and Communication Engineering Jiangsu University Zhenjiang China Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Big Data Ubiquitous Perception and Intelligent Agriculture Applications Provincial Key Laboratory of Computational Intelligence and New Technologies in Low-Altitude Digital Agriculture Zhenjiang China

ISBN: (数字)9798350368741

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368758

Sound Event Detection (SED) often employs pre-trained models to address data scarcity issues. However, existing systems usually treat the pretrained models as frozen feature extractors, resulting in suboptimal efficiency, or fully fine-tune the pretrained models, which requires substantial computational resources. To fully leverage the knowledge from pretrained models, we propose a novel Global Enhanced Frame Prompt Tuning (GE-FPT) framework, providing global and local insights tailored for SED tasks. Additionally, Frame Prompt Tuning (FPT) is proposed in our GE-FPT to effectively explore local temporal information, i.e., temporal details and context, which is essential for SED tasks, and in particular, for precise event boundary detection. Extensive experiments claim that our approach significantly outperforms full fine-tuning methods while substantially reducing computational costs. Our system achieves new state-of-the-art results, with PSDS1/PSDS2 scores of 0.628/0.845 on the DCASE2023 Challenge Task4 dataset. The source code is publicly available 1 .

关键词： Event detection Computational modeling Source coding Signal processing Feature extraction data models Acoustics Computational efficiency Speech processing Tuning

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Energy-efficient and Privacy-preserving Edge Intelligence for 6G-Empowered Intelligent Transportation Systems

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IEEE Network 2025年

作者： Zhu, Chenlu Fan, Xiaoxuan Deng, Xianjun Xiao, Ziheng Guo, Tingting Liu, Shenghao Sun, Jiaqi Park, Jong Hyuk Hubei Key Laboratory of Distributed System Security Hubei Engineering Research Center on Big Data Security School of Cyber Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China Wuhan Kedao Geographic Information Engineering Co. Wuhan China Department of Computer Science and Engineering Seoul National University of Science and Technology Seoul Korea Republic of

6G-empowered Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) generate large amounts of data through millions of devices and sensors at the terminal and network edge. Edge intelligence advances the frontier of data-driven artificial intelligence (AI) to the network edge, which enables AI applications to better utilize edge data. Broader connectivity, higher device density, and stronger data exchange present challenges for reliable device communication and privacy data protection in 6G-empowered ITS. To address these challenges, this paper proposes an energy-efficient and privacy-preserving edge intelligence framework named EP-EI. EP-EI deploys a deep reinforcement learning-based cluster head selection model at the edge to ensure energy-efficient communication for terminal devices. Meanwhile, EP-EI designs a privacy-aware hierarchical computing framework for terminal-edge-cloud to prevent privacy leakage. Furthermore, the application scenarios, challenges, and future directions of EP-EI are discussed. Finally, simulation experiments in a specific intelligent transportation case study demonstrate that EP-EI can provide energy-efficient and privacy-protecting services. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Differential privacy

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SolBERT: Advancing solidity smart contract similarity analysis via self-supervised pre-training and contrastive fine-tuning

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Information and Software Technology 2025年 184卷

作者： Tian, Zhenzhou Teng, Yudong Ke, Xianqun Chen, Yanping Chen, Lingwei School of Computer Science and Technology Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications Shaanxi Xi'an710121 China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Network Data Analysis and Intelligent Processing Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications Shaanxi Xi'an710121 China Xi'an Key Laboratory of Big Data and Intelligent Computing Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications Shaanxi Xi'an710121 China Department of Computer Science and Engineering Wright State University DaytonOH45435 United States

Context: Reliable and effective similarity analysis for the smart contracts facilitates the maintenance and quality assurance of the smart contract ecosystem. However, existing signature-based methods and code representation learning-based methods suffer from limitations such as heavy-weight program analysis payloads or suboptimal contract encodings. Objective: This paper aims to design a fully unsupervised language model for better capturing the syntactic and semantic richness of Solidity code, and utilizes it for advancing the effectiveness of smart contract similarity analysis. Methods: Inspired by the impressive semantic learning capability of pre-trained language models (PLMs), we propose SolBERT, a PLM specifically tailored for enhancing Solidity smart contracts similarity detection. To ensure it produces high-quality encodings, SolBERT leverages BERT-style pre-training with the masked language modeling (MLM) and token type prediction (TTP) tasks applied on code-structure-aware token sequences derived from the contracts’ abstract syntax trees (ASTs) through structure-retaining tree linearization and light-weight normalization to learn a base model. On this basis, self-supervised contrastive fine-tuning and unsupervised whitening operations are further performed to optimize contract encoding generation. Results: Experiments are conducted on three contract similarity-related tasks, including contract clone detection, bug detection, and code clustering. The results indicate that SolBERT significantly outperforms state-of-the-art approaches with average absolute gains of 21.33% and 21.50% in terms of F1, and 17.78% and 26.60% in terms of accuracy for the clone detection and bug detection tasks, respectively;and an average absolute gain of 17.97% for code clustering task. When applying both contrastive fine-tuning and whitening optimizations, SolBERT also shows superior performance than the case of lacking any of them. Conclusion: The proposed approach, SolBERT, ca

关键词： Reliability analysis

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SpatioTemporal Learning for Human Pose Estimation in Sparsely-Labeled Videos

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Jiao, Yingying Wang, Zhigang Wu, Sifan Fan, Shaojing Liu, Zhenguang Xu, Zhuoyue Wu, Zheqi College of Computer Science and Technology Jilin University China Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering of Ministry of Education Jilin University China College of Computer Science and Technology Zhejiang Gongshang University China School of Computing National University of Singapore Singapore The State Key Laboratory of Blockchain and Data Security Zhejiang University China Institute of Blockchain and Data Security China

Human pose estimation in videos remains a challenge, largely due to the reliance on extensive manual annotation of large datasets, which is expensive and labor-intensive. Furthermore, existing approaches often struggle to capture long-range temporal dependencies and overlook the complementary relationship between temporal pose heatmaps and visual features. To address these limitations, we introduce STDPose, a novel framework that enhances human pose estimation by learning spatiotemporal dynamics in sparsely-labeled videos. STDPose incorporates two key innovations: 1) A novel Dynamic-Aware Mask to capture long-range motion context, allowing for a nuanced understanding of pose changes. 2) A system for encoding and aggregating spatiotemporal representations and motion dynamics to effectively model spatiotemporal relationships, improving the accuracy and robustness of pose estimation. STDPose establishes a new performance benchmark for both video pose propagation (i.e., propagating pose annotations from labeled frames to unlabeled frames) and pose estimation tasks, across three large-scale evaluation datasets. Additionally, utilizing pseudo-labels generated by pose propagation, STDPose achieves competitive performance with only 26.7% labeled data. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Large datasets

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Stealthy False data Injection Attacks in Multi-Channel Vehicular Communication: White-Box and Gray-Box Strategies

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IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 2025年

作者： Xu, Chongcong Zheng, Fangfang Guo, Ge Southwest Jiaotong University School of Transportation and Logistics Chengdu611756 China Southwest Jiaotong University National Engineering Laboratory of Integrated Transportation Big Data Application Technology National United Engineering Laboratory of Integrated and Intelligent Transportation Chengdu611756 China Northeastern University State Key Laboratory of Synthetical Automation for Process Industries Shenyang110819 China Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao School of Control Engineering Qinhuangdao066004 China

Understanding the vulnerabilities of vehicular networks from an attacker's perspective is crucial for identifying stealthy false data injection (FDI) attacks and developing robust defense methods. This paper investigates stealthy FDI attacks in multi-channel vehicular communication systems. We construct a multi-source state estimation system using a sequential Kalman filter to integrate and estimate redundant state information transmitted by preceding vehicles across multiple channels. To enhance the system's resilience against FDI attacks, we incorporate a Sage-Husa adaptive filter and a chi-squared detector, which dynamically estimate and detect channel noise based on estimation errors. Within this framework, we utilize real-time state information and channel transmission residual to determine the probability of an attack window occurring. The attack process is divided into three phases, during which critical noise disturbances are introduced to create attack windows, allowing the attack to progressively align with the target state. Based on this analysis, we develop an optimization model for attack generation with complete channel information (AG-with-CCI) to facilitate a white-box attack. Additionally, acknowledging that attackers may not have access to real-time information from all channels, we analyze the iterative equations of state estimation errors and residuals to establish the conditions under which stealthy FDI attacks can be successfully executed, enabling the attack generation with attacked channel information (AG-with-ACI) to achieve a gray-box attack. Numerical simulations demonstrate that both attack methods can evade current detection mechanisms and achieve their intended objectives. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Adaptive filtering

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key Clues Guided Video Character Social Relationship Recognition Enhanced by LLM

Key Clues Guided Video Character Social Relationship Recogni...

引用

International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： Wenlong Dong Qing Zhu Qirong Mao School of Computer Science and Communication Engineering Jiangsu University China Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Big Data Ubiquitous Perception and Intelligent Agriculture Applications China Provincial Key Laboratory of Computational Intelligence and New Technologies in Low-Altitude Digital Agriculture Zhenjiang China

ISBN: (数字)9798350368741

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368758

Video Character Social Relationship Recognition (VCSRR) requires a comprehensive consideration about spatio-temporal and multi-modal clues in videos. Most existing methods mainly focus on integrating multi-modal clues and modeling interactions among characters. However, they fail to discover key clues in the complex video data or fully understand the clues related to social relationships. In this article, we propose a novel Large Language Model Enhanced key Clues Selection (LE-KCS) framework to address the aforementioned issues. The core of LE-KCS is to mine multi-scale key clues from the perspectives of time, space and multi-modality, then transfer the knowledge about social relationships of the Large Language Model to VCSRR for understanding the selected clues. We evaluated LE-KCS on the MovieGraphs dataset and the experimental results indicate that our proposed LE-KCS achieves state-of-the-art performance.

关键词： Accuracy Large language models Speech recognition Signal processing Acoustics Character recognition Speech processing

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