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Towards a Theoretical Understanding of Semi-Supervised Learning Under Class Distribution Mismatch

IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 2025年第6期47卷 4853-4868页

作者： Pan Du Suyun Zhao Puhui Tan Zisen Sheng Zeyu Gan Hong Chen Cuiping Li School of Information Renmin University of China Beijing China Engineering Research Center of Database and Business Intelligence Ministry of Education (MOE) Beijing China Key Laboratory of Data Engineering and Knowledge Engineering Ministry of Education (MOE) Beijing China School of Statistics Renmin University of China Beijing China

Semi-supervised learning (SSL) confronts a formidable challenge under class distribution mismatch, wherein unlabeled data contain numerous categories absent in the labeled dataset. Traditional SSL methods undergo performance deterioration in such mismatch scenarios due to the invasion of those instances from unknown categories. Despite some technical efforts to enhance SSL by mitigating the invasion, the profound theoretical analysis of SSL under class distribution mismatch is still under study. Accordingly, in this work, we propose Bi- Objective Optimization Mechanism (BOOM) to theoretically analyze the excess risk between the empirical optimal solution and the population-level optimal solution. Specifically, BOOM reveals that the SSL error is the essential contributor behind excess risk, resulting from both the pseudo-labeling error and invasion error. Meanwhile, BOOM unveils that the optimization objectives of SSL under mismatch are binary: high-quality pseudo-labels and adaptive weights on the unlabeled instances, which contribute to alleviating the pseudo-labeling error and the invasion error, respectively. Moreover, BOOM explicitly discovers the fundamental factors crucial for optimizing the bi-objectives, guided by which an approach is then proposed as a strong baseline for SSL under mismatch. Extensive experiments on benchmark and real datasets confirm the effectiveness of our proposed algorithm.

关键词： Training Labeling Semisupervised learning Predictive models Optimization Perturbation methods Entropy data models Annotations Upper bound

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Predicting microRNA-Disease Associations Through Multi-View Feature Fusion and Matrix Completion on Graph Convolutional Networks

IEEE Transactions on Computational Biology and Bioinformatic...

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IEEE Transactions on Computational Biology and Bioinformatics 2025年第1期22卷 151-159页

作者： Shifei Ding Chuangui Cao Fan Sun Xuan Li Xindong Wu School of Computer Science and Technology China University of Mining and Technology Xuzhou China Mine Digitization Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education Xuzhou China Key Laboratory of Knowledge Engineering with Big Data (the Ministry of Education of China) Hefei University of Technology Hefei China

Since the regulatory roles of microRNAs in complex human diseases have been gradually demonstrated, more and more enlightening models were developed for predicting microRNA-disease associations. These models can inform bio-logical studies on the differential expression of microRNAs. In this paper, a graph convolutional network-based model using multi-view feature fusion and matrix completion, FMCGCN for brevity, is proposed. First of all, graph autoencoders are used to learn multiple embeddings from different networks. For convenience, attention mechanisms are used to fuse them. As a result, multi-view features constructed from different perspectives are aggregated. Then, the fused embedding is fed into the graph convolutional network to aggregate local information. This fused embedding is thought to facilitate feature extraction for graph convolutional networks. Finally, feature and nuclear norm minimization, a method for matrix completion, is used to obtain the prediction matrix. Additionally, evaluation results under 5-fold cross-validation prove that FMCGCN outperforms current models in several metrics. Furthermore, case studies for esophageal neoplasms and pancreatic neoplasms also demonstrate the validity of our model.

关键词： Diseases Semantics Predictive models Kernel Topology Graph convolutional networks Feature extraction Learning systems Biological system modeling Reliability

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Improved quantum image weighted average filtering algorithm

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Quantum Information Processing 2025年第5期24卷 1-24页

作者： Yuan, Suzhen Li, Xianli Yinxia, Shu Qing, Xianrong Deng, Jermiah D. College of Opto Electronic Engineering Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications Chongqing Chongqing400065 China School of Computing University of Otago Dunedin Dunedin9054 New Zealand School of Computer Science and Technology Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications Chongqing Chongqing400065 China Chongqing Key Laboratory of Computational Intelligence Key Laboratory of Big Data Intelligent Computing Key Laboratory of Cyberspace Big Data Intelligent Security Ministry of Education Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications Chongqing Chongqing400065 China

Average filtering plays a vital role in image smoothing tasks. However, existing quantum image weighted average filtering methods suffer from high circuit complexity. Therefore, this paper proposes an improved quantum color image weighted average filtering algorithm and its corresponding quantum circuit. First, we improve the quantum circuit to prepare classical color images into a quantum state. Then, an improved quantum divider is developed, and a weighted average filter is constructed using basic quantum image processing modules. Next, to enhance the universality of the filter, a quantum comparator with lower circuit complexity is used to design a noise detection module for distinguishing noise from real signals. Finally, a quantum circuit for color image weighted average filtering is designed, and simulations are conducted on the IBM Quantum Experience (IBM Q) platform to verify the feasibility of our algorithm. The analysis shows that compared with existing methods, this method significantly reduces the circuit complexity and has better filtering performance. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Image enhancement

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Interpretable Machine Learning Method for Compressive Strength Prediction and Analysis of Pure Fly Ash-based Geopolymer Concrete

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2025年第1期40卷 65-78页

作者： SHI Yuqiong LI Jingyi ZHANG Yang LI Li Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas of Ministry of Education Northwest A&F Uni-versityYangling 712100China College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China Chongqing Key Laboratory of Public Big Data Security Technology Chongqing 401420China Chongqing College of Mobile Communication Chongqing 401520China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong KongChina National Rail Transit Electrification and Automation Engineering Technology Research Center(Hong Kong Branch) The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityKowloonHung HomHong KongChina

In order to study the characteristics of pure fly ash-based geopolymer concrete(PFGC)conveniently,we used a machine learning method that can quantify the perception of characteristics to predict its compressive *** this study,505 groups of data were collected,and a new database of compressive strength of PFGC was *** order to establish an accurate prediction model of compressive strength,five different types of machine learning networks were used for comparative *** five machine learning models all showed good compressive strength prediction performance on *** them,R2,MSE,RMSE and MAE of decision tree model(DT)are 0.99,1.58,1.25,and 0.25,*** R2,MSE,RMSE and MAE of random forest model(RF)are 0.97,5.17,2.27 and 1.38,*** two models have high prediction accuracy and outstanding generalization *** order to enhance the interpretability of model decision-making,we used importance ranking to obtain the perception of machine learning model to 13 *** 13 variables include chemical composition of fly ash(SiO_(2)/Al_(2)O_(3),Si/Al),the ratio of alkaline liquid to the binder,curing temperature,curing durations inside oven,fly ash dosage,fine aggregate dosage,coarse aggregate dosage,extra water dosage and sodium hydroxide *** temperature,specimen ages and curing durations inside oven have the greatest influence on the prediction results,indicating that curing conditions have more prominent influence on the compressive strength of PFGC than ordinary Portland cement *** importance of curing conditions of PFGC even exceeds that of the concrete mix proportion,due to the low reactivity of pure fly ash.

关键词： machine learning pure fly ash geopolymer compressive strength feature perception

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Advances in intelligent computing approaches for solving problems related to photonic crystal fibers: Advances in Intelligent..: D. Yang et al.

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Optical and Quantum Electronics 2025年第1期57卷 1-31页

作者： Yang, Dan Zhao, Yuyu Liu, Hong Li, Yijin Tang, Chang Li, Shijun Lingye, Zhenglin College of Information Science & Engineering Northeastern University Shenyang110819 Thailand National Frontiers Science Center for Industrial Intelligence and Systems Optimization Shenyang110819 China Key Laboratory of Data Analytics and Optimization for Smart Industry Ministry of Education Northeastern University Shenyang110819 Thailand

Photonic crystal fiber (PCF) has shown a promising application in various fields of modern optics due to its excellent transmission characteristics. However, conventional numerical solution methods have limitations such as high computational effort and low efficiency in designing PCF structures and characterizing pulse propagation in PCFs. With the advancement of artificial intelligence technology, various types of intelligent computing approaches, especially intelligent algorithm and machine learning algorithm (IML), provide new perspectives to solve the above difficulties. Therefore, an increasing number of researchers are committed to using IML to break through the limitations of conventional methods and accordingly open up a new interdisciplinary research direction. This paper begins with a brief overview of common optical properties and typical algorithms. Subsequently, it reviews specific areas where PCF and IML are combined, including the prediction and optimization of optical properties, the design of polarization devices, fiber lasers and amplifiers, as well as the control and prediction of Supercontinuum generation. Finally, this paper offers insights into the future developments and challenges in this emerging interdisciplinary field. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Supercontinuum generation

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Solidification modes and delta-ferrite of two types of 316L stainless steels:a combination of as-cast microstructure and HT-CLSM research

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2025年第2期32卷 426-436页

作者： Yang Wang Chao Chen Xiao-yu Yang Zheng-rui Zhang Jian Wang Zhou Li Lei Chen Wang-zhong Mu College of Materials Science and Engineering Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024ShanxiChina Department of Materials Science and Engineering KTH Royal Institute of TechnologyStockholm 10044Sweden College of Artificial Intelligence and Big Data for Medical Sciences Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical SciencesJinan 250117ShandongChina College of Mechanical Engineering Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024ShanxiChina Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Processing of Materials(Ministry of Education) Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819LiaoningChina

In 316L austenitic stainless steel,the presence of ferrite phase severely affects the non-magnetic properties.316L austenitic stainless steel with low-alloy type(L-316L)and high-alloy type(H-316L)has been *** microstructure and solidification kinetics of the two as-cast grades were in situ observed by high temperature confocal laser scanning microscopy(HT-CLSM).There are significant differences in the as-cast microstructures of the two 316L stainless steel *** L-316L steel,ferrite morphology appears as the short rods with a ferrite content of 6.98%,forming a dual-phase microstructure consisting of austenite and ***,in H-316L steel,the ferrite appears as discontinuous network structures with a content of 4.41%,forming a microstructure composed of austenite and sigma(σ)*** alloying elements in H-316L steel exhibit a complex distribution,with Ni and Mo enriching at the austenite grain ***-CLSM experiments provide the real-time observation of the solidification processes of both 316L specimens and reveal distinct solidification modes:L-316L steel solidifies in an FA mode,whereas H-316L steel solidifies in an AF *** differences result in ferrite and austenite predominantly serving as the nucleation and growth phases,*** solidification mode observed by experiments is similar to the thermodynamic calculation *** L-316L steel solidified in the FA mode and showed minimal element segregation,which lead to a direct transformation of ferrite to austenite phase(δ→γ)during phase transformation after ***,the H-316L steel solidified in the AF mode and showed severe element segregation,which lead to Mo enrichment at grain boundaries and transformation of ferrite into sigma and austenite phases through the eutectoid reaction(δ→σ+γ).

关键词： 316L austenitic stainless steel As-cast microstructure High-temperature confocal laser scanning microscopy Solidification mode Ferrite Characterization

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How to Mitigate Information Loss in knowledge Graphs for GraphRAG: Leveraging Triple Context Restoration and Query-Driven Feedback

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Huang, Manzong Bu, Chenyang He, Yi Wu, Xindong Key Laboratory of Knowledge Engineering with Big Data [Hefei University of Technology Ministry of Education China School of Data Science William & Mary WilliamsburgVA United States

knowledge Graph (KG)-augmented Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently propelled significant advances in complex reasoning tasks, thanks to their broad domain knowledge and contextual awareness. Unfortunately, current methods often assume KGs to be complete, which is impractical given the inherent limitations of KG construction and the potential loss of contextual cues when converting unstructured text into entity-relation triples. In response, this paper proposes the Triple Context Restoration and Query-driven Feedback (TCR-QF) framework, which reconstructs the textual context underlying each triple to mitigate information loss, while dynamically refining the KG structure by iteratively incorporating query-relevant missing knowledge. Experiments on five benchmark question-answering datasets substantiate the effectiveness of TCR-QF in KG and LLM integration, where it achieves a 29.1% improvement in Exact Match and a 15.5% improvement in F1 over its state-of-the-art GraphRAG competitors. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： knowledge graph

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Can satellite observations detect global ocean heat content change with high resolution by deep learning?

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ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 2025年 225卷 52-68页

作者： Su, Hua Teng, Jianchen Zhang, Feiyan Wang, An Huang, Zhanchao Key Laboratory of Spatial Data Mining and Information Sharing of Ministry of Education The Academy of Digital China Fuzhou University Fuzhou350108 China National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Satellite Geospatial Information Technology Fuzhou University Fuzhou350108 China Department of Geography Ghent University Ghent9000 Belgium

The development of in situ observations has significantly improved ocean heat content (OHC) estimation. However, high-resolution OHC data remain limited, hindering detailed studies on mesoscale oceanic warming variability. This study used a deep learning method-Densely Deep Neural Network (DDNN) to reconstruct a high-resolution (0.25° × 0.25°) global OHC dataset for the upper 2000m ocean from 1993 to 2023, named the Ocean Projection and Extension Neural Network 0.25° (OPEN0.25°) product. This deep ocean remote sensing approach integrates multi-source remote sensing data, including Sea Surface Temperature (SST), Absolute Dynamic Topography (ADT), and Sea Surface Wind (SSW), alongside spatiotemporal coordinates and in situ observations. The DDNN model was trained using Argo-based gridded data and EN4-profile data, initially undergoing pre-training to assimilate large-scale oceanic features, followed by fine-tuning to enhance its accuracy in capturing mesoscale thermal structures. Our results demonstrate that the DDNN model achieves high accuracy across various depths. Particularly, OPEN0.25° can effectively capture detailed thermal variations in regions with complex dynamics, as well as the heat transfer processes within the ocean interior, outperforming traditional methods in resolution. The research highlights that, influenced by strong El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events, OHC in the upper 700m of the Pacific Ocean potentially far exceeding expectations over the past decade. Through this study, OPEN0.25° has demonstrated its critical role in detecting and monitoring long-term changes in global OHC at high resolution. © 2025 International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Inc. (ISPRS)

关键词： Submarine geophysics

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Effect of Mn alloying on the hydrogen-assisted cracking behavior in multiphase/duplex stainless steel

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材料科学技术（英文版） 2025年第4期207卷 126-141页

作者： Menghao Liu Cuiwei Du Xiaogang Li Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering Institute for Advanced Materials and TechnologyUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Key Laboratory for Corrosion and Protection of the Ministry of Education Institute of Advanced Materials & TechnologyUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China National Materials Corrosion and Protection Data Center University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

There remains debate on whether Mn is beneficial or detrimental to hydrogen embrittlement in stainless *** this work,a series of stainless steels were designed to study the change of hydrogen embrit-tlement sensitivity,crack propagation,and hydrogen trapping behaviors upon Mn *** results suggest that adding 4 wt.％Mn increased hydrogen embrittlement susceptibility,whereas adding 8 wt.％Mn decreased hydrogen embrittlement *** banded α'-martensite through austenitic grain is the main reason for the increased hydrogen embrittlement sensitivity when adding 4 wt.％Mn,by ad-sorbing hydrogen,promoting crack initiation,and accelerating crack propagation.

关键词： Hydrogen-assisted cracking Multiphase stainless steel Manganese

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Distributed predefined-time robust adaptive control design for attitude consensus of multiple spacecraft

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Advances in Space Research 2025年第10期75卷 7473-7486页

作者： Yao, Qijia Li, Qing Xie, Shumin Jahanshahi, Hadi School of Automation and Electrical Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing100083 China Key Laboratory of Knowledge Automation for Industrial Processes of Ministry of Education University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing100083 China School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering and Architecture Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an710072 China Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers TorontoM5V3T9 Canada

This article investigates the distributed predefined-time attitude consensus of multiple rigid spacecraft under inertia uncertainties and external perturbations over directed communication topology. First, a distributed predefined-time observer is constructed for each follower spacecraft to estimate the virtual leader's attitude, velocity, and acceleration. Then, based on the recovered information, a predefined-time nonsingular terminal sliding mode (NTSM) controller is developed for each follower spacecraft to fulfill the local attitude and velocity tracking. The predefined-time NTSM controller is strongly robust against uncertainties and perturbations but owns the undesirable chattering phenomena. To overcome such problem, an adaptive version of the predefined-time NTSM controller is carried out by incorporating with the parametric adaptation mechanism to identify the total disturbance. In this manner, the predefined-time adaptive NTSM controller has no chattering phenomenon and can maintain the high tracking accuracy simultaneously. Lastly, comparative simulations verify and highlight the main results. © 2025 COSPAR

关键词： Sliding mode control

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