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Removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from different soil fractions by persulfate oxidation

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第4期31卷 239-246页

作者： Xiaoyong Liao Qiongzhi Liu You Li Xuegang Gong Hongying Cao Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Damage Assessment and RemediationInstitute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) from different soil fractions of contaminated soil was investigated by using activated persulfate oxidation remediation in our research. The results showed that the light fraction, which accounted for only 10% of the soil, contained 30% of the PAHs at a concentration of 4352 mg/kg. The heavy fraction contained more high-molecular-weight PAHs, and the total PAH concentration was 625 mg/kg. After being oxidized, the removal rate of PAHs was 39% in the light fraction and nearly 90% in the heavy fraction. Among the different fractions of the heavy fraction,humic acid contained the highest concentration of PAHs, and consequently, the highest removal efficiency of PAHs was also in humic acid. Compared with the light fraction, the heavy fraction has more aromatic compounds and those compounds were broken down during the oxidation process, which may be the removal mechanism involved in the oxidation of high-ring PAHs. Similarly, the enhancement of C= C bonds after oxidation can also explain the poor removal of high-ring PAHs in the light fraction. These results imply that different fractions of soil vary in composition and structure, leading to differences in the distribution and oxidation efficiencies of PAHs.

关键词： Soil fraction Persulfate oxidation PAHs Organic matter Bond

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Spatio-temporal analysis of the human footprint in the Hengduan Mountain region:Assessing the effectiveness of nature reserves in reducing human impacts

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2020年第7期30卷 1140-1154页

作者： YIN Le DAI Erfu ZHENG Du WANG Yahui MA Liang TONG Miao Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Lhasa Plateau Ecosystem Research Station Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and ModelingInstitute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchCASBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Mapping the human footprint(HF)makes it possible to quantify human influence,which has had an unprecedented impact on the global *** five categories of human pressure data,this study mapped the HF of the Hengduan Mountain region and assessed the effectiveness of nature reserves in reducing human *** results showed that the HF of the Hengduan Mountain region was generally higher in the south and lower in the *** HF increased by 11.24%over the past 25 years,with faster growth in the *** HF growth rate in nature reserves was much lower than that across the region,which indicated that nature reserves played an important role in reducing the impact of human pressure.A study of Baimaxueshan nature reserve found that establishing nature reserves could effectively reduce the impact of human activities,and no"leakage"*** growth was an important reason for the increased HF in nature *** development of ecotourism in nature reserves must be based on ecological *** the long-term monitoring,evaluation,and management of nature reserves is a basic requirement for their long-term development.

关键词： human influence human footprint nature reserves effectiveness

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Climate change and water security in the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains

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Geography and Sustainability 2022年第3期3卷 246-257页

作者： Qiuhong Tang Xingcai Liu Yuanyuan Zhou Puyu Wang Zhongqin Li Zhixin Hao Suxia Liu Gang Zhao Bingqi Zhu Xinlin He Fadong Li Guang Yang Li He Haoxin Deng Zongxia Wang Xiang Ao Zhi Wang Paul P.J.Gaffney Lifeng Luo Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Cryosphere Science/Tianshan Glaciological Station Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Water Conservancy and Architectural Engineering Shihezi UniversityShihezi 832000China Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchBeijing 100101China College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering Inner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhot 010018China Hydrology Bureau of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Urumqi 83000China Department of Geography Environmentand Spatial SciencesMichigan State UniversityMI 48824United States

Water security is under threat worldwide from climate change. A warming climate would accelerate evaporationand cryosphere melting, leading to reduced water availability and unpredictable water supply. However, thewater crisis in the Northern Slope of Tianshan Mountains(NSTM) faces dual challenges because water demandsforfast-growing urban areas have put heavy pressure on water resources. The mountain-oasis-desert system featuresglacier-fed rivers that sustain intensive water use in the oasis and end in the desert as fragile terminal *** complex balance between water conservation and economic development is subtle. This paper investigateschanges in hydroclimatic variables and water security-related issues on the NSTM. The spatiotemporal variationsin glaciers, climatic variables, rivers, lakes and reservoirs, groundwater, surface water, human water use, andstreamflow were analyzed for the past four decades. The results show that temperature in the NSTM exhibitedan apparent upward trend with a more significant warming rate in the higher altitude regions. Glacier massloss and shrinkage was strong. The average annual streamflow increased from 1980-1989 to 2006–2011 at mosthydrological stations. The monthly dynamics of surface water area showed notable variability at both inter-annual and seasonal scales, revealing the impacts of both natural and anthropogenic drivers on surface wateravailability in the region. The terrestrial water storage anomaly showed a decreasing trend, which might berelated to groundwater pumping for irrigation. Human water use for agriculture and industry grew with theincrease in cultivated land area and gross domestic product (GDP). The increased agricultural water use wasstrongly associated with the expansion of oases. It is unclear whether water availability would remain high underfuture climatic and hydrological uncertainties, posing challenges to water management. In the context of rapidurban growth and climate change, balancing water f

关键词： Tianshan Mountains Climate change Water security Water resources Human water use

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Cleaner production of Chinese cabbage by intercropping from Cd contaminated soil: Effects of hyperaccumulator variety and planting strip width

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Chemosphere 2023年第1期341卷 139975页

作者： Li, Junchun Yang, Xiao Tong, Xuejiao Peng, Yutao Deng, Yirong Yan, Xiulan Zhou, Yaoyu Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100101 China Guangdong Key Laboratory of Contaminated Environmental Management and Remediation Guangdong Provincial Academy of Environmental Science Guangdong 510045 China Yuhuan Enviromental Technology Co.Ltd Hebei Shijiazhuang050000 China School of Agriculture Sun Yat-sen University Guangdong Shenzhen518107 China College of Resources and Environment Hunan Agricultural University Changsha410128 China

The utilization of Cd-contaminated soil in vegetable crop production can lighten the food crisis and improve the soil environmental resilience. Intercropping is a reliable technology in safety production from contaminated soil. A field-scale experiment was carried out to unravel how plant species and pattern affect the growth and Cd uptake of Chinese cabbage from Cd contaminated land. Among all the intercropping systems designed in this study, one row of Chinese cabbage intercropping with one row of Solanum nigrum L. is the best planting mode (high yields (2.78 kg/m2) and low Cd accumulation (0.02 mg/kg) of Chinese cabbage). Combined with the in-depth joint analysis of diverse soil physicochemical features (soil nutrient characteristics and microbial community structure), biomass yield and quality, and soil microbiological properties, we elaborated that two measures (screening hyperaccumulation types and controlling planting strip width) were the major factors in determining the growth of the aboveground and underground parts of Chinese cabbage respectively, thus directly regulating the application effectiveness of intercropping technology. The intertwined mechanisms (interspecific and intraspecific relationship) of different intercropping systems are summarized, which include better utilization of space, light and other resources in the aboveground part, bioavailability of nutrient, drive of soil bacteria and alleviated soil Cd stress in the underground part, etc. Our research outputs indicate the effectiveness and feasibility of intercropping can be improved by optimizing the streamline configuration and plant mode, which provide theory of reference and practical evidence for warranting the food safety and agricultural soil remediation simultaneously. © 2023

关键词： Soils

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Planting area and production decreased for winter-triticeae crops but increased for rapeseed in Ukraine with climatic impacts dominating

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Geography and Sustainability 2025年第2期6卷 108-116页

作者： Jichong Han Yuchuan Luo Zhao Zhang Jialu Xu Yi Chen Senthold Asseng Jonas Jägermeyr Christoph Müller Jørgen E Olesen Reimund Rötter Fulu Tao Joint International Research Laboratory of Catastrophe Simulation and Systemic Risk Governance School of National Safety and Emergency ManagementBeijing Normal UniversityZhuhai 519087China School of Systems science Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Chongqing Jinfo Mountain Karst Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station School of Geographical SciencesSouthwest UniversityChongqing 400715China Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Technical University of Munich Department of Life Science EngineeringDigital AgricultureHEF World Agricultural Systems CenterFreisingGermany NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies New YorkNYUSA Columbia University Center for Climate Systems ResearchNew YorkNYUSA Potsdam Institute for Climate Impacts Research(PIK) Member of the Leibniz AssociationPotsdamGermany Department of Agroecology Aarhus UniversityTjeleDenmark University of Götingen Tropical Plant Production and Agricultural Systems Modelling(TROPAGS)GötingenGermany University of Götingen Centre for Biodiversity and Sustainable Land Use(CBL)GötingenGermany College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

On-time mapping dynamics of crop area,yield,and production is important for global food *** information,however,is often not ***,we used satellite information,a spectral-phenology integration approach for mapping crop area,and a machine learning model for predicting yield in the war-stricken *** found that in Ukraine crop area and production declined in 2022 relative to 2017–2021 and 2021 for wintertriticeae crops,which was invaded before the cropping season in February of that *** the same time,crop area and production for rapeseed increased in Ukraine,with yields consistently lower by 6.5%relative to *** low precipitation and the Russian-Ukrainian conflict-related factors contributed to such yield variations by-1.3%and-0.9%for winter-triticeae crops and-4.2%and-0.5%for rapeseed in *** demonstrate a robust framework for monitoring country-wide crop production dynamics in near real-time,serving as an early-foodsecurity-warning system.

关键词： Food security Conflict Machine learning Production Satellite

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Crop production changes and the impact of Grain for Green program in the Loess Plateau of China

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Journal of Arid Land 2020年第1期12卷 18-28页

作者： LYU Changhe XU Zhiyuan Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Institute of Rural Development Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhou 310021China

Since the Grain for Green(GFG)program was implemented in 1999,most steeply sloping farmlands in the Loess Plateau of China have been returned to forestland and *** understand its impact on the food production,this study analyzed the spatiotemporal changes of food crop production(FCP)in the plateau and quantified the contribution of sown area and yield changes to the total FCP during 1998–2014 using factor decomposition models,and then discussed the impact of GFG program on the FCP based on literature *** the implementation of GFG program,total sown area in the Loess Plateau quickly deceased by 17.3%from 1998 to 2003,and then gradually restored to 1.03×107 hm2 in ***,it slightly decreased to 1.02×107 hm2(94.6%of the area in 1998)in *** contrast,total FCP generally showed an apparent growth trend,averagely increased by 1.71%per year in the whole plateau during 1998–*** increase was jointly contributed by the improved yield of individual crops,and the adjustment of cropping structure,i.e.,the expansion of high yield maize *** factor decomposition analysis results indicate that the sown area shrinkage only reduced the growth rate of total FCP by 0.29%per year during 1998–2014,although a significant impact was found for the early stage of 1999–*** results suggest that the implementation of GFG program would not induce an obvious risk of the food ***,it is suggested that the GFG program should be set as a long-term strategic policy,by not only supporting the conversion of slope farmlands,but also helping local farmers to seek sustainable ways of land use to improve the income and *** can be combined with the poverty eradication program,to simultaneously achieve the national goals of ecological civilization building and the livelihood improvement of rural people in the Loess *** rainfall limitation,the conversion of slope farmlands should be prioritized to grasslands.

关键词： spatiotemporal change farmland conversion hilly region factor decomposition semi-arid regions

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Response of Radial Growth of Pinus Tabulaeformis to Climate Along Precipitation Gradients in the Monsoon Marginal Zone

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Chen, Guoqing Zhang, Fen Wang, Yan Liu, Wenhuo Gou, Xiaohua Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems of the Ministry of Education College of Earth and Environmental Sciences Lanzhou University Lanzhou730000 China Gansu Liancheng Forest Ecosystem Field Observation and Research Station Lanzhou University Lanzhou730000 China Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100101 China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou730000 China

Climate change exerts a substantial impact on forest ecosystems, albeit the specific consequences vary across different locations and time periods. The monsoon marginal zone, an ecologically sensitive area, is particularly susceptible to the effects of climate change. Unfortunately, there exists a dearth of comprehensive studies examining the response of tree rings to climate change on a large scale within this region. This knowledge gap hinders our ability to effectively manage forest ecosystems and evaluate their capacity to sequester carbon in the face of climate change. To address this research gap and explore how tree growth responds to climate change in these areas, our study focused on nine sample sites of Pinus tabulaeformis (P. tabulaeformis) in the monsoon marginal zones characterized by uneven precipitation. Our findings revealed that drought emerges as the primary factor limiting tree growth in the monsoon marginal zone. However, variations in temperature and precipitation contribute to regional disparities in the patterns of tree ring-climate responses. Furthermore, we had observed that the tree ring-climate response pattern was gradually evolving due to climate warming. This change underscored the significant influence of climate drivers on tree growth within a single year. According to our results, tree growth within the target regions will suffer a notable decline while climate warmer and warmer. Additionally, extreme drought events possessed the potential to disrupt the stability of tree ring-climate response patterns, and the ecological resilience of trees to extreme events varies across different regions. Our findings provide important references for forest management under global climate change © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Climate change

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Inter-provincial Differences in Rice Multi-cropping Changes in Main Double-cropping Rice Area in China: Evidence from Provinces and Households

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Chinese Geographical Science 2019年第1期29卷 127-138页

作者： WANG Renjing LI Xiubin TAN Minghong XIN Liangjie WANG Xue WANG Yahui JIANG Min Key laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institution of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Since the early 1980 s, the multi-cropping index for rice has decreased significantly in main double-cropping rice area in China, which is the primary double-cropping rice(DCR) production area. This decline may bring challenges to food security in China because rice is the staple food for more than 60% of the Chinese population. It has been generally recognized that rapidly rising labor costs due to economic growth and urbanization in China is the key driving force of the ‘double-to-single' rice cropping system adaption. However, not all provinces have shown a dramatic decline in DCR area, and labor costs alone cannot explain this difference. To elucidate the reasons for these inter-provincial distinctions and the dynamics of rice cropping system adaption, we evaluated the influencing factors using provincial panel data from 1980 to 2015. We also used household survey data for empirical analysis to explore the mechanisms driving differences in rice multi-cropping changes. Our results indicated that the eight provinces in the study can be divided into three spatial groups based on the extent of DCR area decline, the rapidly-declining marginal, core, and stable zones. Increasing labor cost due to rapid urbanization was the key driving force of rice cropping system adaption, but the land use dynamic vary hugely among different provinces. These differences between zones were due to the interaction between labor price and accumulated temperature conditions. Therefore, increasing labor costs had the greatest impact in Zhejiang, Anhui, and Hubei, where the accumulated temperature is relatively low and rice multi-cropping index declined dramaticly. However, labor costs had little impact in Guangdong and Guangxi. Differences in accumulated temperature conditions resulted in spatially different labor demands and pressure on households during the busy season. As a result, there have been different profits and rice multi-cropping changes between provinces and zones. Because of

关键词： multi-cropping change inter-provincial differences cropping system adaption accumulated temperature double-cropping rice area China

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Investigating the Effects of Greenhouse Vegetable Cultivation on Soil Fertility in Lhasa, Tibetan Plateau

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Chinese Geographical Science 2020年第3期30卷 456-465页

作者： WANG Zhaofeng GONG Dianqing ZHANG Yili Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China Chinese Acad-emy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences Beijing 100101China

The area of land utilized for growing vegetables in greenhouses has expanded rapidly on the Tibetan Plateau over recent decades. However, the effects of greenhouses on soil fertility as well as variations in these effects between the plateau and plain remain unclear on the Tibetan Plateau. This study assessed the effects of vegetable greenhouses in the vicinity of Lhasa, using open field soil as a control. A total of 92 plough layer(0-20 cm depth) soil samples including 54 from greenhouses and 38 from open fields were taken, and soil pH, electrical conductivity(EC), total soluble salt(TS), soil organic matter(SOM), total nitrogen(TN), available phosphorus(AP), and available potassium(AK) were measured. The results reveal that, soil pH was lower 1.0 units in greenhouses than that in open field. TS was higher 82% and AP was higher 160% overall. Similarly, SOM and TN were higher 32% and 46%, respectively, while AK changed slightly at a higher 1% rate. Results also show that soil properties varied depending on cultivation time and vegetable types. Overall, pH continuously decreased with cultivation time while other soil fertility indicators reached a maximum value after nine years of cultivation before starting to decrease. The effect of leafy vegetable planting on soil was slight overall, while the impact of fruits on soil was more serious. Compared with changes in plain greenhouse soil fertility measured across the eastern China, the effects of greenhouses on soil in Lhasa remain relatively limited;and the change in the degree of soil fertility was lower and the extreme values of soil fertility occurred later in Lhasa.

关键词： facility agriculture soil nutrient imbalance soil environment Lhasa Tibetan Plateau

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Flow Constrictions and Fish Behavior: Unraveling Undulatory Swimming Strategies in Accelerating Flow

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Xi, Yuqian Li, Wenwi Zhang, Chendi Liu, Shikang Cao, Chenyang Li, Pengcheng Yang, Yacun Zheng, Hao Yao, Weiwei State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu China Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100101 China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Alberta EdmontonABT6G 1H9 Canada State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering Sichuan University No. 24 South Section 1 Yihuan Road Chengdu610065 China

Section contractions often induce accelerated flows in nature, exerting substantial influence on the swimming behaviors of various fish species. This study focus on the fish undulatory swimming strategies and effects of hydrodynamics on the swimming behavior in a flume with constriction. Through using a combination of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling, convolutional neural network (CNN) and observation of fish behavior with kinematic and morpho-kinematic, we investigate how fish select their swimming strategies when encountering complex flow conditions. The results reveal that fish exhibit distinct swimming behaviors in response to accelerating flows, including avoidance behavior, drifting with the flow, and escaping upstream. Besides, fish demonstrate a preference for swimming on one side of the flume, with the side bank of the adaptation region being the most favored location due to lower flow velocity and thigmotactic behavior. Additionally, we identify three swimming gaits employed by the fish to navigate complex river environments, adjusting their swimming behavior based on environmental cues. This study highlights the significance of both head and tail characteristics in governing fish swimming behavior, with head features crucial for perceiving the environment and tail movements directly influencing swimming speed and maneuverability. The findings have valuable implications for fisheries conservation and management, guiding the design of fish passage devices and exclusion barriers for safe migration through regulated river systems, and also contributing valuable insights to the development of fish-inspired robotic systems. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Hydrodynamics

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